lecture 14 Flashcards
living microorganisms
-bacteria
-protista
-mycotae
non-living microorganisms
-viruses
-prion
-retroviruses
what are bacterial colonies
growing bacteria that multiplied and grew on a petri dish
what are the 2 ways to classify the appearance of a cell
- type of cell wall
-cell shape and arrangement
what are the two types of bacterial cell walls
-peptidoglycan
-lipopolysamlharide
4 steps of gram staining
-pour blue dye
-fix it with iodine
-wash out with alcohol
-pour red dye
what does the blue dye in the gram staining determine?
if absorbed it means the cell wall consists of peptidoglycan
if not absorbed then wall consists of lipopolysamlharide
what color is gram +
blue
purple
what color is gram -
pink
red
cell shape of cocci (coccus)
round
cell shape of bacilli
rod-shaped
cell shape of spirilli
twisted or helix shaped
arrangement of a diplo-
in pairs
arrangement of strepto-
in chains
arrangement of staphylo-
in clusters
3 types of respiration performed by bacterial cells
- aerobic respiration
- anaerobic respiration
- obligate anaerobic respiration
what is an endospore
a hard shell formed around the bacterial DNA to preserve the bacteria
where is good bacteria found in the human body
in the GI tract, normal flora
what is normal flora
bacteria living in the colon which produces vitamin k
3 major parts of the ear
- outer ear
- middle ear
- inner ear
what does the outer ear include:
pinna (auricle)
external auditory canal
tympanic membrane (ear drum)
what does the inner ear consist of
3 tiny bones, the malleus, incus, stapes
what does the inner ear include
cochlea and semicircular canals with the vestibule
what does the pinna or auricle collect
sound waves
what does the external auditory canal do
directs sound waves to the ear drum
what does the tympanic membrane do
begins to vibrate with frequency of sound wave
what is the semicircular canal and vestibule responsible for
balance and equilibrium
what is the cochlea responsible for.
sound detection
what is cilia
(seaweed like)
