Lecture 2

Question 1

Why are atoms never in their neutral form?

Answer 1

They always have to either give up or gain electrons in order “to be happy”

Question 2

Inert elements

Answer 2

elements with complete outer shells ( no need to donate or receive electrons to complete shell)

Question 3

Valency

Answer 3

The number of electrons an atom wants to gain or lose (not positive or negative just a neutral number)

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

simplest unit of chemical compound made up of 2 or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Question 5

compound molecule

Answer 5

Made up of 2 or more different atoms

Question 6

chemical bond

Answer 6

mutual attraction between 2 atoms

Question 7

Ionic Bond

Answer 7

chemical links between. two atoms bound together by the attraction between oppositely-charged ions (not a very strong bond)

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons

Question 9

What kind of marriage is an ionic bond like ?

Answer 9

Marriage for money because electrons are being given or received

Question 10

What happens when ionic bond in water?

Answer 10

atoms would quickly separate from each other

Question 11

Covalent bond

Answer 11

chemical link between two atoms where electrons are shared between them

Question 12

What kind of marriage would a covalent bond be like ?

Answer 12

Marriage for love because a covalent bond is a stronger bond where atoms share electrons on their outermost orbit

Question 13

What happens when 2 atoms form a molecular bond?

Answer 13

it’s like 2 people forming a couple and interacting with other couples

Question 14

hydrophilic

Answer 14

water-loving

Question 15

hydrophobic

Answer 15

hate water

Question 16

Polar Molecule

Answer 16

Any covalent or ionic bond that has an uneven distribution of charge

Question 17

Is hydrophilic polar or non-polar

Answer 17

since they dissolve in water they are polar

Question 18

Non-polar Molecule

Answer 18

A molecule with no charge at all, completely neutral

Question 19

Biochemistry

Answer 19

Study of substances and its reactions occurring in a living organism

Question 20

Organic molecules

Answer 20

molecules that have at least 1 C in the center, surrounded by at least 1 H atom

Question 21

Inorganic Molecule

Answer 21

Everything else

Question 22

6 most common elements in Biochemistry

Answer 22

C, H, O, N, S, P

Question 23

Monomer

Answer 23

Molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer (Mono~one, and mer~ measure or unit)

Question 24

Polymer

Answer 24

A compound made up of several repeating units aka monomers (Poly=many, + mer =units)

Question 25

anabolism

Answer 25

building reactions in metabolism

Question 26

catabolism

Answer 26

breaking down polymers back into monomers

Question 27

Metabolism

Answer 27

chemical process by which cells produce the substances and energy needed to sustain life

Question 28

What polymer corresponds with a nucleotide ?

Answer 28

DNA and RNA

Question 29

What polymer corresponds with an Amino Acid. ?

Answer 29

protein

Question 30

What polymer corresponds with glucose ?

Answer 30

Cellulose

Question 31

What polymer corresponds with fatty acid ?

Answer 31

triglyceride

Question 32

Body Cavities

Answer 32

large spaces inside the. body containing organs

Question 33

Dorsal

Answer 33

towards the spine

Question 34

Ventral

Answer 34

towards the belly

Question 35

What does the dorsal body cavity include ?

Answer 35

1. Cranial cavity 2. Spinal cavity (vertebral canal)

Question 36

What does the ventral cavity include ?

Answer 36

1. Thoracic cavity 2. Abdominal cavity

Question 37

Cranial cavity

Answer 37

the space inside the skull that contains the brain

Question 38

Spinal Cavity

Answer 38

Tunnel inside the vertebral column that contains the spinal cord

Question 39

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 39

the space in the trunk of the body from the top, down to the diaphragm

Question 40

Pericardial cavity

Answer 40

Sac that encloses the heart ( peri~ around, card~ heart)

Question 41

Pleural cavity

Answer 41

cavity compromised of a membrane that encloses the lungs

Question 42

Mediastinum

Answer 42

Cavity that contains organs and vessels in the space between the lungs, like the esophagus

Question 43

Abdominal

Answer 43

cavity within the abdomen, space between the abdominal wall and the spine

Question 44

Peritoneum

Answer 44

membrane that encloses the stomach, parts of the intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen

Question 45

What doesn't belong in the abdominal cavity? -stomach -kidney -pancreas -mediastinum -liver

Answer 45

mediastinum

Question 46

What does the pleural cavity contain ? -organs of the chest -aorta -pleura -lungs -mediastinum

Answer 46

lungs

Question 47

what is the brain contained inside of ? - spinal cavity -ventral cavity -dorsal cavity

Answer 47

dorsal cavity

Question 48

Pelvic cavity contains these organs except : -rectum -urinary bladder -reproductive organs -kidneys

Answer 48

kidneys