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HH/KINE3020 A - Skilled Performance and Motor Learning > Midterm 1 - Unit 3 Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Midterm 1 - Unit 3 Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the somatosensory system

A

To detect the position and motion of our body parts

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2
Q

what is Proprioception

A

sense of position of the limbs in space and relative to body; sense of oneself

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3
Q

what is Kinaesthesia

A

sense of movement

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4
Q

what is Exteroception

A

Sense through interaction with the external environment

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5
Q

what are the general compoenents of the somatosensory system

A

Receptor encodes stimulation
Action potential along peripheral axon to dorsal root ganglion and into spinal cord
Sensory Processing:
Spinal Reflexes
Ascends to brainstem, cerebellum and cerebral areas

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6
Q

what are the 4 peripheral receptors

A

cutaneous receptors
joint receptors
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs

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7
Q

what do cutaneous receptors detect

A

touch, pressure, vibration, temperature, and (pain)

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8
Q

what do joint receptors detect

A

joint angles and range motion

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9
Q

what do muscle spindles detect

A

muscle length and change in muscle length

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10
Q

what do golgi tendon organs detect

A

muscle tension or force

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11
Q

what are the two types of intrafusal fibres:

A

Nuclear bag and nuclear chain

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12
Q

what sensory neurons wrap the intrafusal muscle fibres

A

Type Ia and Type II sensory fibers

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13
Q

how are muscle spindles able to Signal muscle length and change in muscle length

A

by the Type Ia and Type II sensory fibers

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14
Q

what happens to the firing rate when there is muscle shortening(contraction)

A

decrease in firing rate

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15
Q

what happens to the firing rate when there is muscle lengthening

A

increase in firing rate

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16
Q

what does Type Ia afferent signal

A

the length of the muscle (static) AS WELL as changes in the length during movement (dynamic)

17
Q

what does Type II afferents signal

A

signal the length of the muscle (static) and less so the change in length (dynamic)

18
Q

what do the Type Ia sensory fibres innervate

A

Innervate nuclear bag and chain intrafusal muscle

19
Q

what do the Type II sensory fibres innervate

A

innervate mainly nuclear chain intrafusal muscle fibres

20
Q

why does the Type II sensory fibres not detect the change in length(dynamic)

A

because it doesn’t innervate the nuclear bag

21
Q

what type of sensory fibre innervates the golgi tendon organ(GTO)

A

Innervated by Ib afferent fiber

22
Q

GTO sensitive to __________

A

tension (active or passive)
For example, when tension generated by the muscle increases, Ib afferents are activated

23
Q

what are the 4 main types of Cutaneous Receptors?

A

Merkle disks/cells
Ruffini endings
Pacinian
Meissner corpuscles

24
Q

which are the slow adapting receptors

A

Merkle disks/cells and Ruffini endings
(Respond while the stimulus is present)

25
Q

which are the fast adapting receptors

A

Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles
(Respond during change )

26
Q

where are joint receptors located

A

Located within the joint capsule

27
Q

what do joint receptors detect

A

Sensitive to extreme ranges of movement

28
Q

what is the Flexion withdrawal reflex

A

limb withdrawn from a painful stimulus

29
Q

what is the Stretch reflex

A

the contraction of a muscle in response to its passive stretching

stretch reflex regulates the length of the muscle automatically by increasing its contractility

designed as a protective mechanism, to prevent strain and tear injuries to the muscles and tendons.

30
Q

what is the Crossed extension reflex

A

allows the body to compensate on one side for a stimulus on the other.

For example, when one foot steps on a nail, the crossed extensor reflex shifts the body’s weight onto the other foot, protecting and withdrawing the foot on the nail.

31
Q

what type of reflex is the Crossed extension reflex

A

contralateral reflex

32
Q

what are reflexes

A

Involuntary
Stereotyped: roughly the same response to the same simple stimulus
Fast-responding

33
Q

how does sensory information get to the brain?

A

Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway
Anterolateral Pathway

34
Q

what is the function of the Dorsal Column-Medial Lemniscus Pathway

A

Recognizing objects by touch
Controlling and coordinating movement

35
Q

what is the function of the Anterolateral Pathway

A

Localizing noxious sensations
Distinguishing between warm and cold

HH/KINE3020 A - Skilled Performance and Motor Learning (17 decks)

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