Middle Childhood 6-11 Flashcards
What are physical changes to the brain in Late childhood?
Slows in growth and is 95% of adult volume by 6 years old
What is the thickening of the cerebral cortex related to?
Language and reading
What do children focus more on in the gross motor skills and who out preforms who?
Focus on large muscle groups controlling arms and legs e.g. balancing and running
Boys usually outperform girls
What develop in the fine motor skills and who out preforms who?
Muscles of fingers and toes and eyes develop for coordination of small actions e.g. writing, using utensils manipulation of small objects.
Girls usually outperform boys
Describe how memory develops overtime
Retention of information over time
Short term memory increases considerably during childhood but slows after 7
Long term memory increases
Reflects increased knowledge and increased use of strategies e.g. rehearsal, organization, retrieval (counting)
Uses memory strategies to overcome more than 5 pieces of information e.g. phone number
Is attention improved?
The child’s ability to pay attention improves significantly over early childhood and the ability to sustain and control attention develops further during latter stages
Child pays more attention to task relevant stimuli
Describe how emotional development is further developed
Improved emotional understanding
Increased understanding that more than one emotion can be expressed in particular situation
Increased awareness of the events leading to emotional reactions
Increased ability to self-regulate emotions
Capacity for genuine empathy
Describe the development of self-understanding (self-esteem)
Children describe themselves in terms of psychological characteristics and traits
Children recognise social aspects of the self
Self-description increasingly involves social comparison
What stage is this child development under for Erikson’s theory?
Industry VS Inferiority
Describe the development of information processing
Paying attention to the environment, remembering and developing strategies to solve problems and understand their own and other’s mental processes
When do baby teeth shed and adult teeth start to come through?
By age 6
What does increased myelination improve?
Fine motor skills like handwriting
Describe Industry VS Inferiority
Industry – children become interested in how things are made and work
Parents who see their children’s efforts as mischief encourage inferiority
What age does puberty begin for girls?
Age 9
Physical development during early childhood is generally characterised by..
Children becoming more slender and posturally erect
