Birth - 2 years Flashcards
Define: Cephalocaudal Pattern
Developmental sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way from top to bottom
Define: Proximodistal pattern
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.
What percent is the brain at birth?
25% of its adult weight
What are the milestones and state what happens during these
0-1 months: Prone, lift head
2-4 months: chest up, arms for support
2-5 months: roll over
3-6.5 months: support some weight with legs
4.5-8 months: sits without support
5-10 months: standing with support
6-10 months: pull to stand
7-13 months: walking using furniture
10-14 months: standing unassisted with ease
11-14 months: walking unassisted with ease
What are some sensory and perceptual developments at 6 months?
Vision 20/40 recognises faces
Can localise sound
What theorist cognitive development stage is Birth-2 years at?
Piaget - sensorimotor stage
What is Implicit memory?
Without conscious recollection memories of skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically
What is explicit memory?
Conscious remembering of facts and experiences
From birth to 24 months, state the type of language baby use
Birth: crying
2-4 months: cooing
5 months: understands first word
6 months: babbling begins
6 – 12 months: change from universal linguist to language specific learner
8-12 months: uses gestures such as showing and pointing. Comprehension of words appears
13 months: first spoken word
18 months: vocabulary spurt starts
18-24 months: uses 2-word sentences, rapid expansion of understanding words. By 2, most can speak 200 words
What are three of Erikson’s temperament in Psycho-social stage?
Easy child
Difficult child
Slow to warm up child
Describe Easy child
Generally, in a positive mood. Quickly establishes regular routine. Adapts to new experiences
Describe Difficult child
Reacts negatively and cries frequently. Engages in irregular daily routines. Slow to accept change
Describe Slow to warm up child
Low activity level, somewhat negative, displays a low intensity of mood
Why is having a secure attachment important?
Secure attachment in the first year of life provides an important foundation for psychological development. It can predict adult functioning linked with
- Self confidence
- Social competence
- Successful relationships
What stage from Erikson’s theory is this age development, and what does it state?
Trust VS Mistrust
Physical comfort and sensitive care are key to establishing a basic sense of trust
