Middle Ages-Renaissance Flashcards
a cultural movement involving a renewal of learning, development of infrastructure, and a gradual reform in education
Renaissance
the dance of death it was stylized and did not use perspective
danse macabre
what was considered the greatest cultural achievement of the Renaissance
the printing press
local language
vernacular
one the printing press was made writers switched from writing in Greek and Latin to what
vernacular
humanism was stressed in writing-focus on what
humans
during the Middle Ages the power of the church was at its..
peak
what type of influence did the church have on the people
it had a very strong influence
the age of Renaissance brought the ideal of what
humanism
the belief that through education humans could change themselves and the world around them for the better
humanism
1350-1550
the Italian Renaissance
list the 3 main causes of the Renaissance
the fall of Constantinople
the Black Death
the crusades
the final straw in the destruction of the Byzantine empire
people flee and go back to Italy: becomes associated with Ancient Greek and Roman works
this is the reason why the Renaissance starts in Italy
fall of Constantinople 1453
many people became weary of the church because the church could not cure the plague
people turned to science for answers
the Black Death
11th, 12th and 13th century religious wars to restore Christian access in and around Jerusalem
blessed by the Catholic Church as well as the pope
the main battles were against Muslims from 1095-1291
the crusades
the crusades showed the Europeans…
that there was a world outside of theirs
merchants would trade which brought in new ideas , art, and scientific thought which led to the Renaissance
a rebirth of Roman and Greek culture
1350-1550
Renaissance
not focusing on much religion
secularism
rediscovery of Ancient Greek and Roman writings
Italian Renaissance
which city states became a center for politics during the Italian Renaissance
Milan, Venice, Florence
painter, architect, and mathematician
Leonardo da Vinci
why did the city-states expand during the Italian Renaissance
because of trade lately during the crusades
which middle eastern goods were brought back to Europe from the Middle East
silk, sugar, spices
one of the richest city states in Italy
Milan
powerful Italian city state
known today for its canals
Venice
center of art and wealth
in 1434 the control of the city went to Cosmo de Medici
at this time Rome was mostly just ruins
Florence
Extremely wealthy ruler who commissioned many great artworks
Cosmo de Medici
invades Italy in 1494
King Charles VII (France)
who does Italy look to for help
Spain
who. dominates France with King Charles I
Spain
made up roughly 2%-3% of the population we're advisors to the king born and not made a warrior needed classical education and interest in the arts needed to follow a certain conduct
the nobility
85%-90% of the population
serfdom
peasants and townspeople
money that the wife’s family gave to the husband upon marriage
dowry
one that is proficient in several different skills intellectually, physically, and artistically
Renaissance man
this was the main philosophy behind the Renaissance
stimulated the philosophy of secularism, the appreciation of worldly pleasures, and above all intensified the assertion personal independence and individual expression
humanism
father of the Italian Renaissance
sent Europeans on a search for lost and forgotten Latin manuscripts and called for the study of the classic Greek and Roman works
Petrarch
has the freedom to make choices in life
has control over his or her own behavior and how they act
has the responsibility of running their own lives and choosing the direction they want to go in
humanist
what became cherished during the Renaissance
education
learning was no longer only for who
the rich
who created the printing press
Johannas Gutenberg
what was the first book produced by the printing press
the bible
helped to make Italian vernacular popular
Italian author
wrote divine comedy
Dante
English author
helped to make English vernacular popular
the Canterbury tails
Chaucer
female author
helped to make French vernacular popular
wrote the book of the city of ladies
Christine de Pizan
follows Dante as he travels through nine circles of hell, purgatory, and then finally paradise. Dante is guided through hell and purgatory by the great Roman poet Virgil but is guided by his lost love Beatrice through paradise
the divine comedy
education during the Renaissance became secular and..
focused less on religion
history, moral philosophy, rhetoric, grammar, poetry, math, astronomy, and music
liberal studies
what was the focus and measure of all things in Renaissance art
humans
a painting done on fresh plaster with water based paints
originated with Masaccio
led to a realistic style of painting
fresco
used by Masaccio
this technique needed to be mastered in order for paintings to look 3D
perspective
sculptor who studied Greek and Roman statues and constructed a statue of Saint George
Donatello
final stage of the Renaissance painting
1490-1520
high Renaissance
which 3 artists are associated with the high Renaissance
lean ardor da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo
mastered the art of realistic painting
wanted to capture the perfection of the human body
was also a scientist, inventor, and anatomist
leanardo da Vinci
who wrote the last supper
leanardo da Vinci
who painted the Mona Lisa
leanardo da Vinci
one of Italy’s best painters at the young age of 25
noted for paintings of the Virgin Mary
also painted the popes chambers which included his masterpiece the school of Athens
Raphael
painter, sculptor, and architect
painted the ceiling of the Sistine chapel in Rome as well as the last judge,net located on the entire wall of the chapel
constructed the statue of David
Michelangelo
more focused on goth and cathedrals
danse macabre
most important northern school of art
Flanders
most noted for perfecting the act of oil painting
used linseed oil and nut oils mixed with resins
allowed for bright and translucent colors
created the arnolfini Portait
Jan van eych
theatre horse racing jousting carnivals chariot racing writing stories, songs, and poems
Renaissance entertainment
city-dwelling
urban
first political philosopher
Machiavelli
what should have no choice in decision making
morals
