Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science mr caldwell > astronomy > Flashcards

astronomy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

if space if infinite with stars scattered randomly throughout it, then no matter where you look, you must see a star. therefore the entire sky should blaze like the surface of the sun

A

olbers paradox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

his relativity equations showed a universe that was either expanding or contracting

A

Albert Einstein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

discovered our universe is expanding

A

Edwin Hubble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

galaxies emit light and expand into space, the wavelength of light gets stretched
this increase in wavelength produces a redshift
distant galaxies have larger red shifts then nearby galaxies

A

cosmological redshift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cataclysmic event which caused matter to begin expanding
this expansion slaves olbers paradox
age of the universe is approximately 13.7 billion years
observable universe

A

Big Bang theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

galaxies themselves do not expand
the space between galaxies is expanding
ga
dies are kept together by their mutual gravity

A

expanding universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

early universe must have been very hot
the universe has expanded greatly since the Big Bang
CMB is “left over” heat from the Big Bang

A

cosmic microwave background radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

system containing millions or billions of stars
we are part of the Milky Way Galaxy
universe contains several billion

A

galaxies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lens shaped disks

bright nucleus

A

spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lens shared with arms

bright nucleus

A

barred spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lens shaped but no bright center or arms

A

elliptical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

small and faint

non-descript

A

irregular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

diameter is 140000 light years across
we are about 23000 light years from the center of the Galaxy
we are part of a local group
small cluster of 17 galaxies

A

Milky Way Galaxy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

size can very greatly
can be smaller than earth
can be 2000 times the size of our sun
largest one has a diameter that is nearly 19 times the distance between earth and sun

A

stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most of these are the density of our sun

A

stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

main,y hydrogen and helium

A

stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

typically contain about 2% other heavier elements

A

stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

clouds of gas and dust

A

nebulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

glowing cloud sections

eventually hot enough to cause fusion of hydrogen

A

protostars

20
Q

balance of energy released with gravity

remain stable for many billions of years

A

stable state

21
Q

name the 4 types of stars

A

super Giants
giants
main sequence stars
white dwarfs

22
Q

plop lots stars using surface temp in kelvin and a stars absolute magnitude
shows stars current type
spectral type

A

hertzburg Russell diagram

23
Q

stars are classified by their temp and color

A

spectral type

24
Q

VERY large, but cool
give off lots of light due to their size
ex. Betelgeuse, Antares, Polaris

A

super Giants

25
Q

large, but cool
give off a lot of light
not as bright as super Giants
ex. Arcturus

A

Giants

26
Q

starting mass determines temp
the larger the starting mass the hotter
the sun

A

main sequence stars

27
Q

the higher the surface temp…

A

the bluer the star

28
Q

the cooler the surface temp…

A

the redder the star

29
Q

very hot
about the size of earth but 100,000 times more dense
do not produce much light due to small size

A

white dwarfs

30
Q

a set of stars seen from earth that makes a shape
different cultures have different constellations and names
often have mythical or historical significance
ex. Big Dipper and zodiac signs

A

constellations

31
Q

not close together or in our Galaxy

A

stars

32
Q

why can we only see certain constellations during different seasons

A

the earths position

33
Q

constellations that appear to move around Polaris
caused by the earth turning on its axis
they never set

A

circumpolar constellations

34
Q

symbol Is a little m
how bright it looks in the sky from earth
stars that are far are dim
stars that are close are bright

A

apparent magnitude

35
Q

brightest star in the night sky

A

Sirius

36
Q

dimmest star we can see is…

A

+6

37
Q

symbol is a big M
scale compares all stars as if they were the exact same distance from earth
distance is 10 parsecs

A

absolute magnitude

38
Q

true brightness

A

absolute magnitude

39
Q

why is the sun so bright

A

it is very close to earth

40
Q

how much closer/ farther

A

distance factor

41
Q

star whose magnitude changes in a cycle
cycle can last days or years
ex. Cepheus the king

A

variable star

42
Q

what makes variable stars hotter

A

contraction

43
Q

what makes a star cooler

A

expansion

44
Q

controlled by the length of the brightness cycle

the longer the period the longer the this is

A

absolute magnitude

45
Q

unchanging universe

infinitely old

A

sir issac Newton

Science mr caldwell (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions