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Science mr caldwell > meteorology 2 > Flashcards

meteorology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

how is the data measured

A

surface measurements

weather balloons

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2
Q

how often do they gather weather data

A

every 6 hours

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3
Q

taken in degrees and dew point
taken in the shade
no wind
6feet above grass

A

temp and dew point

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4
Q 
usually in millibars 
pressure is abbreviated 
1013.2 on the model becomes 132
998.2 on the model becomes 982can also be in inches of mercury 
29.92 is sea level
A

pressure

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5
Q

large chunk of air that acquires characteristics of location
temp
moisture

A

air masses

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6
Q

warm

A

tropical

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7
Q

cold

A

polar

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8
Q

dry

A

continental

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9
Q

moist

A

maritime

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10
Q

boundary between 2 different air masses
air masses collide and the weather can change dramatically
fronts are always attached to low pressure, never high pressure

A

front

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11
Q

types of fronts

A

cold fronts
warm fronts
stationary

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12
Q 
pressure rises 
temp drops 
winds shift to the north 
rain 
cumulonimbus clouds
A

cold fronts

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13
Q 
pressure drops 
temp increases 
winds shift to the south 
rain is produced 
Stratiform clouds 
cirrus, altostratus, stratus and nimbostratus
A

warm front

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14
Q

neither cold nor warm air is advancing
soaking rains produced
nimbostratus clouds

A

stationary front

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15
Q

show the pressures across the country by using isobars
show the pressure
usually in inches or millibars
every point along isobars the exact same pressure

A

pressure maps

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16
Q

the change in pressure between isobar lines
common interval is 4 or 5 millibars or .10 inches
isobars never cross or touch

A

isobars interval

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17
Q

clear skies above the high pressure
winds move in a clockwise direction
cool air is sinking from upper atmosphere
pressure values decrease away from pressure center
no fronts

A

high pressure

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18
Q

an educated prediction of the future weather
based on observation
climate
General trends
our weather systems move from west to east
move about 1/3 of US in 24 hours

A

forecast

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19
Q

cloudy skies
warmer temps
lower pressures
winds rotate counter-clockwise

A

low pressure

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20
Q

clear skies
lower temps
higher pressure
winds rotate clockwise

A

high pressure

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21
Q 
rain 
cloudy skies 
warmer temps 
lower pressure 
higher dew points 
south winds
A

warm fronts

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22
Q

typical cyclone
area of very Low pressure
winds rotate in a counter clockwise direction
originate off the west coast of Africa as thunderstorms

A

hurricane

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23
Q 
over warm water - typical 80°
high humidity 
low wind shear 
rain bands 
eye wall 
eye
A

formation

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24
Q

wind moving in different directions

A

wind shear

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25
Q

when is storm season in the Atlantic

A

June 1st- November 30th

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26
Q

produce rain during hurricane

A

rain bands

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27
Q

the fastest winds, surrounds eye

A

eye wall

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28
Q

2 types of cyclones

A

tropical depression

tropical storm

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29
Q

74-95 mph

A

category 1

30
Q

96-110 mph

A

category 2

31
Q

111-130 mph

A

category 3

32
Q

131-155 mph

A

category 4

33
Q

156 and up

A

category 5

34
Q

how wide across can hurricanes be

A

1000 miles

35
Q

where do the US hurricanes start

A

the west coast of Africa

36
Q

why are there no hurricanes in California

A

water is too cold

37
Q 
thunderstorms off the coast of Africa 
tropical wave 
disturbance in the atmosphere 
intensify over warm water 
rising air condenses producing additional winds
A

hurricane origin

38
Q

low pressure is pushed by south east trade winds
move east to west
can intensify or weaken
depends upon surface water temp

A

hurricane path

39
Q

main components of hurricane

A

eye wall

rain bands

40
Q

fastest sustained winds

A

eye wall

41
Q

flood of water on land
caused by low pressure
enhanced by high winds
right side of hurricane produces highest amount

A

Storm surge

42
Q

trees, buildings and cars can be damaged)

A

high winds

43
Q

Storm surge
rain
the most damaging component of the hurricane
wide spread

A

flooding

44
Q

watches and warnings

A

evacuation

45
Q

walls that prevent flooding

A

levees

46
Q

cumulonimbus clouds
must have lightning and thunder
severe/ strong storms have hail, high wind speeds, tornadoes

A

thunderstorms

47
Q

form when a cold air mass collides with a warm air mass
cold front
cold air causes the warm air to rise quickly forming cumulonimbus clouds
can last for several hours

A

frontal storms

48
Q

single storm and no fronts

air parcel rises because it is warmer than the surrounding air

A

air mass thunderstorms

49
Q

water falling to earth

condensation nuclei “dust”

A

precipitation

50
Q

super cooled water evaporates

deposited onto ice crystals

A

cold cloud/ ice process

51
Q

discharge of electricity

balances out the large difference in charges that forms during a thunderstorm

A

lightning

52
Q

cloud to cloud

A

most common

53
Q

cloud to ground

A

common

54
Q

ground to cloud

A

least common

55
Q

what do weather maps show

A 
temp
dew point 
Sky/clouds
wind speed and direction
pressure
current weather
56
Q

strong low pressure system
cold front and warm front
strong thunderstorms
wall cloud

A

tornado formation

57
Q

area which has the right conditions to create tornadoes

located between cold front and warm front

A

larkos triangle

58
Q

based on damage assessment
correlates to wind speed
EF0-EF5
EF6 is theoretically possible

A

enhanced Fujita scale

59
Q

EF0

A

light

60
Q

EF1

A

moderate

61
Q

EF2

A

considerable

62
Q

EF3

A

severe

63
Q

EF4

A

devastating

64
Q

EF5

A

incredible

65
Q

what percent of tornadoes are weak

A

74%

66
Q

what percent of deaths are caused by F4 and F5 tornadoes

A

67%

67
Q

tornadoes that form on water

A

water spout

68
Q

not a tornado

damage is not in a circular motion glide a tornado might be

A

microburst

69
Q

conditions are right for a tornado
people are warned that they are in the path of a storm
larkos triangle
start preparing to take shelter

A

tornado watch

70
Q

a wall cloud has been spotted
a tornado has been seek
seek immediate shelter

A

tornado warning

Science mr caldwell (9 decks)

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