meteorology

Question 1

what is 78% of the atmospheric composition

Answer 1

nitrogen

Question 2

what is 21% of the atmospheric composition

Answer 2

oxygen

Question 3

what is almost 1% of the atmospheric composition

Answer 3

argon and carbon dioxide

Question 4

what percent of the atmosphere is within 32km

Answer 4

99%

Question 5

what percent of weight is in the first 5.5km of the atmosphere

Answer 5

50%

Question 6

lowest layer 
thickness depends on latitude
18km thick at equator
8km thick at poles
weather occurs here 
ends at tropopause

Answer 6

troposphere

Question 7

second layer
clear and dry 
moisture is unable to rise beyond the tropopause 
ozone layer is in this layer 
ends at stratopause

Answer 7

stratosphere

Question 8

third layer
very little atmosphere
ends at mesopause

Answer 8

mesosphere

Question 9

top layer
very thin
contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen
ionosphere
auroras form here 
radio waves are reflected

Answer 9

thermosphere

Question 10

air is highly ionized

Answer 10

ionsphere

Question 11

solar wind interacts with magnetic fields

Answer 11

auroras

Question 12

protects us from UV radiation
changes thickness due to pollution
located in stratosphere
90% located between 10-50km above earths surface

Answer 12

ozone layer

Question 13

aerosol cans, hair spray, etc
Montreal protocol
banned use in most countries
thinnest over South Pole

Answer 13

CFC- chlorinated fluorocarbons

Question 14

list the dangers of CFC

Answer 14

increase in UV radiation at earths surface
results in an increased risk of skin cancer
increase damage to crops

Question 15

List the primary greenhouse gases causing global warming

Answer 15

water vapor
Carbon dioxide
methane 
nitrous oxide
HFC

Question 16

which greenhouse gas is causing the biggest issue

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide

Question 17

daily changes

Answer 17

weather

Question 18

historical changes

Answer 18

climate

Question 19

changes seen in meteorological records that deviate from the historical norms

currently temps are rising faster than ever before

Answer 19

climate change

Question 20

when carbon goes up..

Answer 20

so does the temp

Question 21

why is the temp rising

Answer 21

Carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere

Question 22

temp decreases with what in the troposphere

Answer 22

height

Question 23

what influences temperatures

Answer 23

uneven heating of the earths surface 
water vs land
day vs night 
equator vs poles 
earths tilt

Question 24

land heats faster than water and..

Answer 24

cools faster than water

Question 25

water heats slowly but...

Answer 25

remains warm longer

Question 26

warmest part of the day is...

Answer 26

early afternoon

Question 27

coolest part of the day is...

Answer 27

just before dawn

Question 28

absorbed heat radiates where

Answer 28

into space

Question 29

what receives the most direct sunlight

Answer 29

equator

Question 30

where receives the least sunlight

Answer 30

the poles

Question 31

during our winter do we receive more or less sunlight

Answer 31

less

Question 32

weight of the atmosphere measured in millibars or inches of mercury barometer is the device used to measure this

Answer 32

air pressure

Question 33

the most atmosphere

Answer 33

sea level

Question 34

how does air pressure change

Answer 34

altitude air expands with height expansion leads to less dense air

Question 35

meteorologists use a formula to ..

Answer 35

correct for altitude

Question 36

what causes changes in density

Answer 36

the temperature of the air and moisture content of the air | caused by uneven heating

Question 37

what causes wind

Answer 37

pressure

Question 38

differences in pressure are caused by...

Answer 38

uneven heating of earths surface

Question 39

if the esrth did not rotate, the earth would have winds that simply flowed from the poles to the equator winds from high pressure (the poles) to low pressure (the equator)

Answer 39

wind belts

Question 40

apparent force caused by the earths rotation winds are deflected or turned to the right in the northern hemisphere winds are turned to the left in the Southern Hemisphere

Answer 40

Coriolis effect

Question 41

narrow, fast-moving "river" of air near the tropopause about 200mph pulls or pushes air masses "steers" our weather

Answer 41

jet stream

Question 42

less than 0° C or 32° F

Answer 42

ice

Question 43

between 0 and 100° C or 32-212° F

Answer 43

water

Question 44

over 100° C or 212° F

Answer 44

water vapor (gas)

Question 45

energy is released into the environment

Answer 45

heating effect

Question 46

liquid to solid

Answer 46

freezing

Question 47

gas to liquid

Answer 47

condensation

Question 48

gas to solid

Answer 48

deposition

Question 49

energy is taken from the environment

Answer 49

cooling effect

Question 50

liquid to gas

Answer 50

evaporation

Question 51

solid to gas

Answer 51

sublimation

Question 52

the amount of water vapor that has been evaporated

Answer 52

moisture content

Question 53

dry air has..

Answer 53

low moisture content

Question 54

moisture content is measured by...

Answer 54

specific humidity relative humidity Dew point

Question 55

actual amount of water vapor | measured in grams of water

Answer 55

specific humidity

Question 56

increases the AVC

Answer 56

evaporation

Question 57

decreases the AVC

Answer 57

condensation

Question 58

describes how much moisture the air can potentially absorb dependent on the temp of the air the warmer the air, the greater the energy to evaporate water into water vapor, therefore the greater capacity of that air

Answer 58

saturation vapor capacity (SVC)

Question 59

ratio of the AVC to the SVC

Answer 59

AVC divided by SVC times 100

Question 60

no more liquid water can be evaporated

Answer 60

saturated

Question 61

air can absorb more water

Answer 61

unsaturated

Question 62

what happens to relative humidity (RH) if AVC increases

Answer 62

the humidity goes down

Question 63

the temp at which the air is saturated when the actual amount of water vapor in the air is equal to the airs capacity the moisture condenses. the moisture leaves the gas state and becomes liquid AVC=SVC

Answer 63

dew point

Question 64

study of the earths atmosphere

Answer 64

metrology

Question 65

the airs temp what but the actual content stays the same

Answer 65

decreases

Question 66

what happens when air reaches the dew point

Answer 66

the water condenses on objects and is called dew if a dew point is 32° or lower it is called frost if the condensation happens in the air it is called fog or clouds if it is higher

Question 67

RH=

Answer 67

100%

Question 68

very small water droplets or ice crystals from condensed water vapor contain tiny particles from condensation to occur dust, dirt, pollen, ice crystals

Answer 68

clouds

Question 69

high cloud wispy, feathery clouds, made of ice crystals common on nice days

Answer 69

cirrus

Question 70

very thin made of ice crystals sun or moon produces a halo

Answer 70

cirrostratus

Question 71

layer clouds small "puffs" middle clouds

Answer 71

altocumulus

Question 72

middle clouds | no layer is produced

Answer 72

altostratus

Question 73

low clouds layer clouds fair weather clouds

Answer 73

cumulus

Question 74

rain/snow clouds | layered cloud

Answer 74

nimbostratus

Question 75

vertically developed cloud thunderstorm clouds very tall 1000-4000 feet tall

Answer 75

cumulonimbus

Question 76

air rises when it is warmer than the surrounding air

Answer 76

convection

Question 77

air rises when it is forced upwards by winds

Answer 77

convergence

Question 78

air rises when 2 air masses collide

Answer 78

frontal lifting

Question 79

air rises when it is forced over a mountain

Answer 79

orographic

Question 80

air that is not saturated cools at what temp per 1000 feet

Answer 80

5.5°

Question 81

air that is saturated cools at what temp per 1000 feet

Answer 81

3.5°

Question 82

cloud base is the height when ...

Answer 82

temperature = dew point

Question 83

cloud top Is the point when the air is...

Answer 83

no longer buoyant