Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science mr caldwell > meteorology > Flashcards

meteorology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is 78% of the atmospheric composition

A

nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is 21% of the atmospheric composition

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is almost 1% of the atmospheric composition

A

argon and carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what percent of the atmosphere is within 32km

A

99%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what percent of weight is in the first 5.5km of the atmosphere

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
lowest layer 
thickness depends on latitude
18km thick at equator
8km thick at poles
weather occurs here 
ends at tropopause
A

troposphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
second layer
clear and dry 
moisture is unable to rise beyond the tropopause 
ozone layer is in this layer 
ends at stratopause
A

stratosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

third layer
very little atmosphere
ends at mesopause

A

mesosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
top layer
very thin
contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen
ionosphere
auroras form here 
radio waves are reflected
A

thermosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

air is highly ionized

A

ionsphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

solar wind interacts with magnetic fields

A

auroras

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

protects us from UV radiation
changes thickness due to pollution
located in stratosphere
90% located between 10-50km above earths surface

A

ozone layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

aerosol cans, hair spray, etc
Montreal protocol
banned use in most countries
thinnest over South Pole

A

CFC- chlorinated fluorocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

list the dangers of CFC

A

increase in UV radiation at earths surface
results in an increased risk of skin cancer
increase damage to crops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List the primary greenhouse gases causing global warming

A 
water vapor
Carbon dioxide
methane 
nitrous oxide
HFC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which greenhouse gas is causing the biggest issue

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

daily changes

A

weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

historical changes

A

climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

changes seen in meteorological records that deviate from the historical norms

currently temps are rising faster than ever before

A

climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

when carbon goes up..

A

so does the temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why is the temp rising

A

Carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

temp decreases with what in the troposphere

A

height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what influences temperatures

A 
uneven heating of the earths surface 
water vs land
day vs night 
equator vs poles 
earths tilt
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

land heats faster than water and..

A

cools faster than water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

water heats slowly but…

A

remains warm longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

warmest part of the day is…

A

early afternoon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

coolest part of the day is…

A

just before dawn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

absorbed heat radiates where

A

into space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what receives the most direct sunlight

A

equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where receives the least sunlight

A

the poles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

during our winter do we receive more or less sunlight

A

less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

weight of the atmosphere
measured in millibars or inches of mercury
barometer is the device used to measure this

A

air pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

the most atmosphere

A

sea level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

how does air pressure change

A

altitude
air expands with height
expansion leads to less dense air

35
Q

meteorologists use a formula to ..

A

correct for altitude

36
Q

what causes changes in density

A

the temperature of the air and moisture content of the air

caused by uneven heating

37
Q

what causes wind

A

pressure

38
Q

differences in pressure are caused by…

A

uneven heating of earths surface

39
Q

if the esrth did not rotate, the earth would have winds that simply flowed from the poles to the equator
winds from high pressure (the poles) to low pressure (the equator)

A

wind belts

40
Q

apparent force caused by the earths rotation
winds are deflected or turned to the right in the northern hemisphere
winds are turned to the left in the Southern Hemisphere

A

Coriolis effect

41
Q

narrow, fast-moving “river” of air near the tropopause
about 200mph
pulls or pushes air masses
“steers” our weather

A

jet stream

42
Q

less than 0° C or 32° F

A

ice

43
Q

between 0 and 100° C or 32-212° F

A

water

44
Q

over 100° C or 212° F

A

water vapor (gas)

45
Q

energy is released into the environment

A

heating effect

46
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing

47
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

48
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

49
Q

energy is taken from the environment

A

cooling effect

50
Q

liquid to gas

A

evaporation

51
Q

solid to gas

A

sublimation

52
Q

the amount of water vapor that has been evaporated

A

moisture content

53
Q

dry air has..

A

low moisture content

54
Q

moisture content is measured by…

A

specific humidity
relative humidity
Dew point

55
Q

actual amount of water vapor

measured in grams of water

A

specific humidity

56
Q

increases the AVC

A

evaporation

57
Q

decreases the AVC

A

condensation

58
Q

describes how much moisture the air can potentially absorb
dependent on the temp of the air
the warmer the air, the greater the energy to evaporate water into water vapor, therefore the greater capacity of that air

A

saturation vapor capacity (SVC)

59
Q

ratio of the AVC to the SVC

A

AVC divided by SVC times 100

60
Q

no more liquid water can be evaporated

A

saturated

61
Q

air can absorb more water

A

unsaturated

62
Q

what happens to relative humidity (RH) if AVC increases

A

the humidity goes down

63
Q

the temp at which the air is saturated
when the actual amount of water vapor in the air is equal to the airs capacity
the moisture condenses. the moisture leaves the gas state and becomes liquid
AVC=SVC

A

dew point

64
Q

study of the earths atmosphere

A

metrology

65
Q

the airs temp what but the actual content stays the same

A

decreases

66
Q

what happens when air reaches the dew point

A

the water condenses on objects and is called dew
if a dew point is 32° or lower it is called frost
if the condensation happens in the air it is called fog or clouds if it is higher

67
Q

RH=

A

100%

68
Q

very small water droplets or ice crystals from condensed water vapor
contain tiny particles from condensation to occur
dust, dirt, pollen, ice crystals

A

clouds

69
Q

high cloud
wispy, feathery clouds, made of ice crystals
common on nice days

A

cirrus

70
Q

very thin
made of ice crystals
sun or moon produces a halo

A

cirrostratus

71
Q

layer clouds
small “puffs”
middle clouds

A

altocumulus

72
Q

middle clouds

no layer is produced

A

altostratus

73
Q

low clouds
layer clouds
fair weather clouds

A

cumulus

74
Q

rain/snow clouds

layered cloud

A

nimbostratus

75
Q

vertically developed cloud
thunderstorm clouds
very tall
1000-4000 feet tall

A

cumulonimbus

76
Q

air rises when it is warmer than the surrounding air

A

convection

77
Q

air rises when it is forced upwards by winds

A

convergence

78
Q

air rises when 2 air masses collide

A

frontal lifting

79
Q

air rises when it is forced over a mountain

A

orographic

80
Q

air that is not saturated cools at what temp per 1000 feet

A

5.5°

81
Q

air that is saturated cools at what temp per 1000 feet

A

3.5°

82
Q

cloud base is the height when …

A

temperature = dew point

83
Q

cloud top Is the point when the air is…

A

no longer buoyant

Science mr caldwell (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions