astronomy 2

Question 1

a pendulum swings in a constant path

the earth rotates beneath it

Answer 1

focaults pendulum

Question 2

earth moves around the sun
takes approximately 365 days
almost circular orbit
we are slightly closer to the sun in January than we are in July

Answer 2

earths revolution

Question 3

when is the earth closest to the sun

147million km

Answer 3

January 2nd

Question 4

when is earth farthest from the sun

152 million km

Answer 4

July 4th

Question 5

apparent shift in position of a nearby star in relation to distant stars

Answer 5

parallax

Question 6

a day is added every4 years to February to catch up

Answer 6

leap year

Question 7

when is the next leap year

Answer 7

2020

Question 8

changing constellations
we see different ones because we revolve around the sun
we can on,y see the constellations that are opposite the sun

Answer 8

Revolution

Question 9

what is earths axis tilted at

Answer 9

23.5 degrees

Question 10

what season is it while the sun is tilted toward the sun

Answer 10

summer

Question 11

which season is it when the earth is tilted away from the sun

Answer 11

winter

Question 12

when the earth is tilted neither toward nor away from the sun it is…

Answer 12

either spring or fall

Question 13

what causes seasons

Answer 13

earths Revolution
earths tilt
earths axis

Question 14

the Suns height above the horizon changes during the year

Answer 14

suns position

Question 15

when is the sun the highest in the sky for Erie and when is it the lowest

Answer 15

highest- summer solstice

lowest- winter solstice

Question 16

when does the sun rise into he east and set in the west

Answer 16

during the equinoxes

Question 17

where does the sun ride and set in fall and winter

Answer 17

rise-southeast

set- southwest

Question 18

where does the sun rise and set during spring and summer

Answer 18

rise- northeast

set- northwest

Question 19

projection of the earths equator into space

calculate by subtracting current latitude from 90°

Answer 19

celestial equator

Question 20

where is the celestial equator at earths equator

Answer 20

directly overhead

Question 21

where is the celestial equator at the North Pole

Answer 21

the horizon

Question 22

what is Eric’s latitude

Answer 22

42° north

Question 23

the path that the sun travels in the sky

the signs of the zodiac are located along this

Answer 23

ecliptic

Question 24

revolving toward full

Answer 24

waxing

Question 25

revolving toward new

Answer 25

waning

Question 26

moon revolves around earth in about how many days

Answer 26

29

Question 27

how often does the moon rotate

Answer 27

once in 27 days

Question 28

formed from a collision with a Mars-sized object approximately 4.6 billion years old debris from collision after the surface cooled and became solid the surface was bombarded by meteoroids

Answer 28

formation of the moon

Question 29

``` diameter is 3476km Gravity is 1/6 of earths mass is about 1/80 of earths mass average density is less than earths rocks are igneous ```

Answer 29

moons properties

Question 30

spins on its own axis produces night and day takes approximately 24 hours 1000 mph

Answer 30

earths rotation

Question 31

3.1-3.8 billion years old

Answer 31

Maria basins of basalts

Question 32

4.0-4.3 billion years old | lighter colored parts of the moon

Answer 32

lunar highlands

Question 33

moon has no...

Answer 33

atmosphere

Question 34

what causes erosion

Answer 34

micrometeorites

Question 35

objects in orbit around the sun

Answer 35

solar system

Question 36

what is included in a solar system

Answer 36

planets moons asteroids comets

Question 37

developed a system to explain the planets motions | did not account for all of the motions seen

Answer 37

Ptolemy

Question 38

developed a sun-centered model heliocentric accounts forge motions of the planets much more accurately

Answer 38

Copernicus

Question 39

elliptical orbits | planets move faster near the sun

Answer 39

planetary motions

Question 40

cloud of gas and dust

Answer 40

pronto-planetary disc

Question 41

pulls particles together

Answer 41

Gravity

Question 42

forms fusion of hydrogen

Answer 42

sun forms

Question 43

form from remaining material through accretion

Answer 43

planets

Question 44

``` four planets nearest the sun contain heaviest elements terrestrial planets have solid surfaces dense cores Mercury, Venus, earth, and Mars ```

Answer 44

inner planets

Question 45

``` four planets beyond the asteroid belt gas giants no solid surface made up of gases solid cores Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune ```

Answer 45

outer planets

Question 46

when an object in space passes into the shadow created by another object in space two parts

Answer 46

eclipse

Question 47

total shadow

Answer 47

umbra

Question 48

partial shadow

Answer 48

penumbra

Question 49

moon passes into the earths umbra

Answer 49

total lunar eclipse

Question 50

moon passes into earths penumbra half of earth can see this about 2 hours long

Answer 50

partial lunar eclipse

Question 51

moons umbra falls on the earth

Answer 51

total solar eclipse

Question 52

moons penumbra falls on the earth

Answer 52

partial solar

Question 53

ring is visible | moon doesn't quite cover the sun

Answer 53

annular eclipse

Question 54

movement of the earths axis axis wobbles slowly over time 26000 years for 1 cycle axis points at the North Star

Answer 54

precession

Question 55

no longer accurate due to precession

Answer 55

zodiac signs

Question 56

occurs when the sun is at its highest point | does not occur at the same time for everyone

Answer 56

solar noon

Question 57

every degree of longitude is ______ mins of solar time

Answer 57

4 mins

Question 58

how much does earth rotate every hour

Answer 58

15°

Question 59

used to deal with different solar time

Answer 59

time zones

Question 60

USA times zones

Answer 60

Eastern Central Mountain Pacific

Question 61

eastern

Answer 61

our time

Question 62

central

Answer 62

minus 1 hour

Question 63

mountain

Answer 63

minus 2 hours

Question 64

pacific

Answer 64

minus 3 hours

Question 65

used to save energy | adjust clocks to deal with changes in sun rise and set because of the earths tilt

Answer 65

daylight savings time

Question 66

move clocks 1 hour ahead

Answer 66

spring

Question 67

move clocks back 1 hour

Answer 67

fall

Question 68

180° meridian date changes if you move west you add a day if you move east you lose a day

Answer 68

international dateline