Microevolution

Question 1

Microevolution

Answer 1

Evolutionary change within a lineage

• occurs continuously can transform lineage dramatically over time
• alternately, a lineage may remain the same over time (stasis)

Question 2

Diversity of life

Answer 2

Sand shark(eat own brothers in womb) 
Humming bird (can beat their wings over 100 times/sec enabling hover
Gastric brooding frog (mothers give birth from mouth)

Question 3

Fit of form and function

Answer 3

It seems every species engineered or designed survive so perfectly
Cheetahs adaptation: non retractable claws and flared nostrils long legs and tail makes a perfect killing machine

Question 4

4 big questions evolutionary ecologist

Answer 4

1. Diversity of life
2. Distribution and abundance
3. Fit of form and function
4. Procession of life (common design)

Question 5

Procession of life

Answer 5

-universal genetic code: same codon to code for the same amino acid

Question 6

Grey squirrels and adaptation

Answer 6

1. Sharp claws
2. Cashing availing spatial memory
3. Color vision
4. Bushy tail

Question 7

Orchid/ Orphrys

Answer 7

• look like female bees even produce scent mimicking female sex pheromone
  1. Flowers adaptations to promote reporduction not survival
  2. Plants reproduced decieving insects which gain nothing
  3. Organisms not necessarily well adapted

Question 8

Adaptation

Answer 8

Heritable phenotypes

• strategies: set of traits allowing individuals to survive and reproduce in a certain environment, better than others lacking those traits
• individuals with adaptive traits pass the traits
• over generations there will be a change in allele or genotype or phenotype frequency

Question 9

Peter and rosemary grant

Answer 9

Over generations there will be a change in allele or genotype or phenotype frequency

• drought in 1978
• small beak birds suffered heavy mortality
• only seeds of caltrop(hardest to crack) were available, so finches with longer beaks survived and reproduced
• population evolved by natural selection. Beaks got deeper and longer
• population would develop into different ecosystems and over longer time

Question 10

Macroevolution

Answer 10

• origin and extinction of lineages

- can happen gradually

Question 11

Individuals adapt, populations and species evolve.

Answer 11

• genotype of individual is fixed at birth
• unlike individuals, populations permit origin of new alleles through mutation, and change in frequency of alleles, natural selection, genetic drift