Microbiology And Pharmacogenomics Terminology Flashcards
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid → store of genetic information inside living cells and many viruses
Chromosome
A long continuous pieces of DNA that carries genetic information
Gene
Basic unit of inheritance located on a chromosome
A piece of DNA that contains the instructions for the production of a specific protein
Eukaryote
A single-celled or multicellular organism which has a true membrane-bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryote
An organism that has a simple cell structure without a membrane bound nucleus or organelles
Bacterium
A prokaryotic, single celled organism
Flagellum
A long thin appendage present on the surface of some cells as bacteria and protoctista which enables movement
Virus
An infectious particle that relies on the cellular machinery of the host cell to grow and replicate
Viral envelope
A spikey coat that covers the virus’s protein coat or capsid
Fungus
Eukaryotic
They range from single celled to very complex multicellular organisms
Yeast
A single-celled fungus
Inflammation
A reaction of tissue or irritation, injury, or infection
Beneficial process as it destroys or contains pathogen within a small area enabling the healing process to begin
Antibody
A y-shaped protein made by certain white blood cells which is produced by the body’s immune system in response to a foreign substance
Antigen
A foreign substance such as a pathogen that stimulates the body’s immune system to produce antibodies
Lysis
The physical rupture of a cell
