Cardiovascular Diseases Flashcards
What is hypertension?
Elevations in mean arterial pressure, diastolic pressure, or systolic pressure
What are the types and causes of hypertension?
Essential hypertension → without a known cause
Secondary hypertension → due to other organ dysfunction
What is Arteriosclerosis?
Arteries became clogged and hardened due to the formation of plaque or fat and other substances in the inner lining of an artery
What is stenosis ?
Obstruction of blood flow
Abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel
What is ischemia?
Restriction in blood supply to tissues
What is infarction?
Tissue death caused by a local lack of oxygen, due to obstruction of tissue’s blood supply
What might artherosclerosis cause?
Coronary heart disease
What are symptoms of CHD?
Chest pain radiating to neck, back, jaw, or shoulder/arm pain
Weakness
Shortness of breath
Vomiting
Extreme anxiety
Coughing
Feeling faint
What is cerebrovascular disease?
Occurs when the carotid arteries that supply oxygen rich blood to the brain are narrowed
This can cause sudden loss of brain function with complete recovery within 24hours
What are the symptoms of CVD?
Hemiplegia → half paralysis
Aphasia → trouble speaking
Loss of vision in one eye
Myalgia → muscle weakness
Vertigo → seeing spots, dizziness
Headache
What is chronic kidney disease?
Occur if a plaque builds up in the renal arteries which supply oxygenated blood to the kidneys
What can a patient with chronic kidney disease experience?
Anorexia
Edema → swelling of hands and feet
Dyspraxia → difficulty in concentrating
What is congestive heart failure?
A state in which heart cannot provide sufficient cardiac output to satisfy the metabolic needs of the body
What are types of heart failure?
Diastolic dysfunction and systolic dysfunction
What are the symptoms of congestive heart failure?
