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Medical & Pharmaceutical Terminology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Mouth

A

Ora, stomato

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2
Q

Pharynx

A

Pharyngo

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3
Q

Large intestine

A

Colo, colono

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4
Q

Rectum and anus

A

Ano, recto, procto

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5
Q

What is anorexia?

A

The loss of appetite for food, especially caused by a disease

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6
Q

What is anorexia nervosa?

A

Eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance

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7
Q

What is emaciated?

A

Abnormally thin

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8
Q

What is antiemetic?

A

Medication to prevent vomiting

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9
Q

What is Ascites ?

A

An abnormal accumulation of serous (watery consistency) fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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10
Q

What is bariatrics?

A

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of obesity and associated disease

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11
Q

What is bulimia nervosa?

A

Eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, like self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or other medications

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12
Q

What is cheilosis?

A

Disorder of the lips characterized by crack-like sores at the corners of the mouth

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13
Q

What is cholangiography?

A

A radiographic examination of the bile ducts

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14
Q

What is cholecystitis?

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder, usually associated with gallstones blocking the flow of bile

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15
Q

What are gallstone?

A

Also known as cholelith, is a hard deposit formed in the gallbladder and bile ducts due to the concentration of bile components

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16
Q

What is cholelithiasis?

A

Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile duct

17
Q

What is colonoscopy ?

A

The direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum

18
Q

What is endoscope?

A

An instrument used for visual examination of internal structures

19
Q

What is constipation?

A

Defined as having a bowel movement fewer than three times per week
The stools are usually hard, dry, small, and difficult to eliminate

20
Q

What is Diarrhea?

A

Abnormal frequent flow of loose or watery stools that can lead to dehydration

21
Q

What is dyspepsia?

A

Pain or discomfort, abnormal in digestion

22
Q

What is dysphagia?

A

Difficulty in swallowing

23
Q

What is gastroesophageal reflux disease?

A

Stomach acid irritates and damages the delicate lining of the esophagus

24
Q

What is gastrectomy ?

A

Surgical removal of all part of the stomach

25
Q

What is ileectomy ?

A

The surgical removal of the ileum

26
Q

What is gingivectomy?

A

surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue

27
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

Inflammation affects only the gums

28
Q

What is flatulence?

A

The passage of gas out of the body through the rectum

29
Q

What is hemorrhoids?

A

Also known as piles
Occur when a cluster of veins, muscles, and tissues slip near or through the anal opening
The veins can became inflamed, resulting in pain, fecal leakage, and bleeding

30
Q

What is hyperemesis?

A

Extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration

31
Q

What is hematemesis?

A

Blood in vomitus

32
Q

What is jaundice?

A

Yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes and the eyes
Caused by greater than- normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood

33
Q

What is melena

A

The passage of black, tarry and foul-smelling stools
Caused by the presence of digested blood and often indicates an injury or disorder in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract

34
Q

What is peptic ulcers?

A

Sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system

35
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

Series’s of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction

36
Q

What is regurgitation?

A

The return of swallowed food into the mouth

37
Q

What is stomatorrhagia?

A

Bleeding from any part of the mouth

38
Q

What is glossitis?

A

Inflammation of tongue that causes it to swell in size, change into different shades of red and develop a smooth appearance

39
Q

What is xerostomia?

A

Lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by the salivary glands

Medical & Pharmaceutical Terminology (14 decks)

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