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USMLE Rx > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

taxonomy

A

分類学

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2
Q

emesis

A

嘔吐

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3
Q

fussiness

A

ぐずり泣き

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4
Q

meningismus

A

髄膜症

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5
Q

virulence

A

病原性、菌力

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6
Q

pertussis

A

百日咳

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7
Q

prodromal

A

前駆（症状）の

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8
Q

genus

A

属

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9
Q

facultative

A

特権［権限・権能・許可］を与える、許容的な、任意の、能力の

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10
Q

fermentation

A

発酵

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11
Q

centripetal

A

中心に向かう、求心性の

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12
Q

conjugate vaccine

A

共役ワクチン

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13
Q

evasion

A

逃れること、回避すること

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14
Q

competent

A

〔細胞や組織などが〕適格性［受容能力］がある

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15
Q

conjugation

A

接合

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16
Q

impermeable

A

不浸透性の

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17
Q

spore

A

芽胞

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18
Q

cellulitis

A

蜂巣炎

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19
Q

exudate

A

滲出液［物］

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20
Q

penitentiary

A

刑務所

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21
Q

anthrax

A

炭疽、炭疽菌、炭疽病

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22
Q

syphilis

A

梅毒

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23
Q

dry heaving

A

空吐き

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24
Q

rusty nail

A

錆びた釘

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25
Q

profuse

A

たっぷりの、豊富な、おびただしい

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26
Q

sunken

A

落ち込んだ、くぼんだ

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27
Q

constitutively

A

構造的に

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28
Q

constellation

A

集まり

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29
Q

crepitus

A

パチパチいうこと、捻髪音

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30
Q

desquamating

A

剥離性の

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31
Q

blistering

A

水膨れを作る、猛烈な、激しい

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32
Q

armpit

A

腋窩

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33
Q

sequela

A

後遺症、続発症

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34
Q

metaphysis

A

骨幹端

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35
Q

periosteal

A

骨膜の

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36
Q

punctate

A

点状の

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37
Q

hygiene

A

衛生状態

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38
Q

buccal

A

頬（側）の、口の

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39
Q

mandibular

A

下顎の

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40
Q

gingival

A

歯肉の、歯茎（音）の

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41
Q

impetigo

A

膿痂疹

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42
Q

ecchymosis

A

斑状出血

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43
Q

chill

A

悪寒

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44
Q

rust-colored

A

赤錆色の

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45
Q

community-acquired pneumonia

A

市中肺炎

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46
Q

root canal

A

歯根管

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47
Q

erysipelas

A

丹毒

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48
Q

mimicry

A

擬態

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49
Q

erythema marginatum

A

有縁性紅斑

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50
Q

bulge

A

出っ張り、膨らみ、膨れ、隆起

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51
Q

gut

A

消化管、胃腸

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52
Q

nosocomial

A

院内で起る

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53
Q

paracentesis

A

穿刺（術）

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54
Q

opacification

A

混濁

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55
Q

exquisitely

A

この上なく見事に、ものすごく、極めて素晴らしく、優美に

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56
Q

obligate

A

偏性の、絶対的な

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57
Q

unpasteurized

A

〔牛乳などの液体が〕低温殺菌されていない

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58
Q

intoxicated

A

〔薬などで〕中毒になった［陥った］

〔酒・麻薬などに〕酔って、酩酊して

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59
Q

dentition

A

歯の状態、歯列

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60
Q

punctate

A

点状の

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61
Q

diplopia

A

複視

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62
Q

dysarthria

A

構音障害

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63
Q

dysphagia

A

嚥下障害［困難］

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64
Q

prophylaxis

A

〔病気の〕予防（法）

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65
Q

hemoptysis

A

喀血

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66
Q

incarcerated

A

収監された、投獄された

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67
Q

caseation

A

乾酪化

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68
Q

miliary

A

《医》粟粒（性）の

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69
Q

hilar nodes

A

肺門リンパ節

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70
Q

kyphosis

A

〔脊柱の〕後彎症

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71
Q

contraindicate

A

〔病状などが薬剤・治療法などに〕禁忌を示す

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72
Q

lethal

A

死を招く、致死の

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73
Q

nosocomial

A

〔感染などが〕院内で起る

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74
Q

ferment

A

発酵、酵素

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75
Q

adherent

A

粘着する、付着性の、接着性の

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76
Q

pilus

A

線毛

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77
Q

petechial

A

点状出血の［に関する］

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78
Q

synovitis

A

滑膜炎

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79
Q

disseminated

A

播種性の、散在性の

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80
Q

maculopapular

A

丘疹の

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81
Q

refractory

A

難治性の

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82
Q

drooling

A

流涎症

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83
Q

hyperpyrexia

A

超高熱

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84
Q

urolithiasis

A

尿石症、尿（路）結石症

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85
Q

cystitis

A

〔特に女性の〕膀胱炎

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86
Q

pyelonephritis

A

腎盂腎炎

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87
Q

incessantly

A

絶え間なく、ひっきりなしに、とめどなく

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88
Q

rigor

A

悪寒、寒気、硬直

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89
Q

hematemesis

A

吐血

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90
Q

tularemia

A

野兎病

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91
Q

centripetal

A

中心に向かう、求心性の

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92
Q

Rodent

A

齧歯動物

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93
Q

azotemia

A

高窒素血症

94
Q

chancre

A

硬性下疳◆第一期に現れる無痛の伝染性かいよう

95
Q

accommodation

A

〔新しい環境などへの〕適応、順応

96
Q

tabes dorsalis

A

脊髄癆

97
Q

wart-like

A

いぼ状の

98
Q

vulva

A

陰門、〔女性器の〕外陰部

99
Q

chancroid

A

軟性下疳

100
Q

endarteritis obliterans

A

閉塞性動脈内膜炎

101
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A

鼠径［性病性］リンパ肉芽腫（症）

102
Q

mycosis

A

真菌症

103
Q

endemic

A

〔病気が〕風土性の、ある地域に特有の

104
Q

verrucous

A

いぼの（できた）、いぼ状のq

105
Q

tinea

A

白癬、タムシ

106
Q

pruritus

A

搔痒

107
Q

mycelia

A

菌糸、菌糸体

108
Q

radiculopathy

A

神経根障害

109
Q

thrush

A

口腔カンジダ症

110
Q

leukoplakia

A

白板症

111
Q

hyphae

A

《菌類》菌糸

112
Q

vulnerability

A

脆弱性

113
Q

flatulence

A

〔胃・腹に〕ガスがたまること

114
Q

protozoa

A

原虫、原生動物

115
Q

Plasmodium falciparum

A

熱帯熱マラリア原虫

116
Q

villous

A

絨毛で覆われた

117
Q

chorioretinitis

A

脈絡網膜炎

118
Q

hydrocephalus

A

水頭症、脳水腫

119
Q

jerking

A

ひきつけ、痙攣

120
Q

Cribriform plate

A

篩板

121
Q

hemianopia

A

半盲、片側視野欠損

122
Q

sandfly

A

サシチョウバエ

123
Q

frothy

A

泡状の、泡の（多い）、泡だらけの

124
Q

reduviid bug

A

サシガメ

125
Q

adnexal

A

付属器の

126
Q

friable

A

砕けやすい、もろい

127
Q

pinworms

A

蟯虫

128
Q

helminth

A

寄生蠕虫

129
Q

schistosomiasis

A

住血吸虫症

130
Q

visceral larva migrans

A

臓器幼虫移行症

131
Q

tapeworm

A

条虫、サナダムシ

132
Q

witness

A

～を証言［証明・目撃］する、目の当たりにする［見る］、～に立ち会う、署名する

133
Q

Nematodes

A

線虫

134
Q

Cestodes

A

条虫

135
Q

Trematodes

A

吸虫

136
Q

Helminth

A

寄生蠕虫

137
Q

burrow

A

〔穴などに〕身を隠す

138
Q

mite

A

ダニ（類）

139
Q

stratum corneum

A

角質層

140
Q

scabies

A

疥癬

141
Q

serpiginous

A

〔皮膚病などが〕蛇行性の

142
Q

excoriation

A

〔皮膚の〕擦りむき

143
Q

icosahedral

A

20面体の

144
Q

eradicate

A

〔病気・有害なもの・悪い状態などを〕全滅［絶滅・撲滅］させる、根絶する、絶つ、絶やす

145
Q

prodromal

A

前駆（症状）の

146
Q

contagious

A

人から人への接触によって直接感染する、接触伝染性の

147
Q

discrepancy

A

食い違って［相違して］いること［状態］

148
Q

Nulliparity

A

未経産

149
Q

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

A

亜急性硬化性全［汎］脳炎

150
Q

saliva

A

唾液、つば

151
Q

radiculopathy

A

神経根障害

152
Q

shingles

A

帯状疱疹

153
Q

Perineurium

A

神経周膜

154
Q

halt

A

～を休止［中断・停止・中止］させる

155
Q

pericardial friction rub

A

心膜摩擦音

156
Q

Orchitis

A

精巣炎、睾丸炎

157
Q

parotitis

A

耳下腺炎

158
Q

astound

A

（人）をびっくり仰天させる、（人）の胆をつぶす、（人）をがくぜんとさせる

159
Q

merge

A

〔複数のものを一つに〕統合する、合併させる

160
Q

progeny

A

子孫、跡継ぎ

161
Q

coryza

A

鼻風邪、鼻感冒

162
Q

maculopapular

A

丘疹の

163
Q

adopted

A

〔子どもが〕養子縁組された、養子になった

164
Q

sterility

A

〔人や動物の〕不妊（症）

（器具などの）無菌状態

165
Q

sialorrhea

A

流涎症、唾液分泌過多

166
Q

photophobia

A

光恐怖症、羞明

167
Q

nosocomial

A

〔感染などが〕院内で起る

168
Q

transmissibility

A

伝達性［率］、遺伝性

169
Q

spare

A

回避する、危害を加えない

170
Q

cachexia

A

悪液質

171
Q

food-borne

A

食物経由の、食物が媒介する

172
Q

shellfish

A

甲殻類、貝

173
Q

glottic closure

A

声門閉鎖

174
Q

nostril

A

鼻孔、小鼻

175
Q

grunting

A

ブタの鳴き声のような、のどの奥からうめくような

176
Q

nasal flaring

A

鼻孔が開くこと

177
Q

Lingula

A

小舌

178
Q

throbbing

A

拍動性の

179
Q

arachnoid villi

A

くも膜絨毛

180
Q

meningeal scarring

A

髄膜瘢痕化

181
Q

mastoiditis

A

乳様突起炎

182
Q

dactylitis

A

指炎

183
Q

kyphosis

A

〔脊柱の〕後彎症

184
Q

cystitis

A

〔特に女性の〕膀胱炎

185
Q

wince

A

〔不快感などで〕表情を曇らせる、嫌な顔をする

186
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

腎（結）石症

187
Q

malodorous

A

悪臭を放つ、嫌な［不快な］臭いのする

188
Q

deafness

A

難聴

189
Q

hydrops

A

水腫

190
Q

nostril flaring

A

鼻腔が広がっている

191
Q

costosternal

A

肋胸骨の

192
Q

preeclampsia

A

妊娠高血圧腎症、子癇前症

193
Q

Orchitis

A

精巣炎、睾丸炎

194
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

伝染性軟属腫

195
Q

salpingitis

A

卵管炎

196
Q

endometritis

A

子宮内膜炎

197
Q

hydrosalpinx

A

卵管留水腫

198
Q

adnexal tenderness

A

付属器の圧痛

199
Q

salpingitis

A

卵管炎

200
Q

ampulla

A

膨大部

201
Q

excruciate

A

〔人を精神的に〕ひどく苦しめる、責めさいなむ

202
Q

periodically

A

定期的に、一定期間ごとに、周期的に

203
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

静脈血栓症、血栓性静脈炎

204
Q

root canal

A

歯根管

205
Q

bactericidal

A

殺菌（性）の

206
Q

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

腎性尿崩症

207
Q

bacteriostatic

A

静菌性の

208
Q

salvage

A

海難救助、財貨救出、救出、救助

209
Q

detergent

A

洗浄性の、洗浄力のある

210
Q

cationic

A

陽イオンの

211
Q

kernicterus

A

核黄疸

212
Q

antacids

A

制酸剤

213
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

横紋筋融解症

214
Q

vertigo

A

めまい

215
Q

tinnitus

A

耳鳴り

216
Q

intrathecally

A

髄腔内に、くも膜下（腔内）に、硬膜下（腔内）に

217
Q

centripetal

A

中心に向かう、求心性の

218
Q

dermatophytosis

A

皮膚糸状菌症

219
Q

onychomycosis

A

爪甲真菌症

220
Q

teratogenic

A

催奇形性の

221
Q

mite

A

ダニ

222
Q

louse

A

シラミ

223
Q

hemozoon

A

住血性寄生虫

224
Q

plasmodium

A

マラリア原虫

225
Q

relapse

A

〔病気が〕ぶり返す、再発する

226
Q

helminthic

A

蠕虫の

227
Q

livedo reticularis

A

網状皮斑

228
Q

radiculopathy

A

神経根障害

229
Q

Preferentially

A

選択的に、優先的に

230
Q

sterilization

A

殺菌、消毒、滅菌

USMLE Rx (16 decks)

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