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CP > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Gram positive cocci

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus agalactiae

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2
Q

Gram negative cocci

A

Neisseria meningitidis

Neisseria gonorrhoea

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3
Q

Gram positive bacilli

A

Bacillus anthracis
Clostridium difficile
Listeria monocytogenes
Corynebacterium diptheriae

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4
Q

Gram negative bacilli

A

Salmonella typhi
Escherichia coli
Proteus sp
Yersinia pestis

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5
Q

Gram negative coccobacilli

A

Haemophilus
Bordetella
Brucella

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6
Q

Spiral bacteria

A 
Helicobacter 
Campylobacter 
Leptospira 
Borrielia 
Treponema pallidum
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7
Q

Why do certain bacteria cause particular infections?

A

Host factors
Opportunity
Bacterial factors

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8
Q

What bacteria is the commonest cause of UTIs?

What does it adhere to?

A

E. coli

Uroepithelial cells

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9
Q

What is the primary cause of skin/soft tissue infections?

Where is it normally found?

A

S. aureus

In the nose

It is coagulase positive

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10
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is a …

A

primary pathogen

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11
Q

S. aureus can cause…

A 
bacteraemia 
osteomyelitis/septic arthritis 
endocarditis 
pneumonia
UTIs 
meningitis
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12
Q

Staphylococcus epidermis is an…

A

opportunistic pathogen

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13
Q

S. epidermis is…

A

a coagulase negative staphylococci

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14
Q

S. epidermis

A

adheres to plastic/metal using glycocalyx, forming biofilms

causes infection in association with foreign bodies

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15
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes is also known as…

A

Group A strep

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16
Q

S. pyogenes is the commonest cause of …

A

bacterial sore throat

17
Q

S. pyogenes also causes…

A

scarlet fever
necrotising fascilitis
puerperal sepsis

18
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the commonest cause of…

A 
Bacterial pneumonia 
Bacterial meningitis (except in neonates)
19
Q

S. pneumoniae can also cause…

A

otitis media

20
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae is also known as…

A

Group B strep

21
Q

S. agalactiae is the commonest cause of…

A

Bacterial meningitis and sepsis in neonates

22
Q

Streptococcus milleri complex are…

A

three closely related pus-forming streptococcu that are associated with abscesses

23
Q

Viridans streptococci

A

are alpha-haemolytic streptococci that inhabit the upper respiratory tract

cause subacute bacterial endocarditis

24
Q

Streptococcus gallolyticus was formerly known as…

A

S. bovis

25
Q

Listeria monocytogenes is a…

A

Gram positive bacillus

26
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

Is associated with unpasteurized milk
Can grow at low temperatures (zoonosis)
Can cause sepsis and meningitis

27
Q

Corynebacterium are

A

Gram positive bacillus

Commensal of the skin and URT

28
Q

Corynebacterium diptheriae causes…

A

diptheria

29
Q

Propionibacterium are associated with…

A

Acne

30
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are

A

commonly found in bowel flora

31
Q

Toxigenic strains of what bacteria are associated with severe diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

A

E. coli (0157)

32
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

produce a characteristic green pigment

is a multi resistant gram negative bacillus

33
Q

Neisseria meningitidis can cause

A

Meningitis

a purpuric non-blanching rash

34
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoea can cause

A

Gonorrhoea

Opthalmia neonatorum

35
Q

Haemophilus influenzae can cause

A

Respiratory tract infections

CP (12 decks)

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