Microbiology 26: Fever In Returning Traveller Flashcards

1
Q

List the 5 types of plasmodium that cause malaria ?

A
P.falciparum
P.vivax
P.ovale
P.Malariae
P.knowlesi
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2
Q

What is the initial treatment for non-falciparum malaria ?

A

Chloroquine

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3
Q

How is malaria diagnosed ?

A

Rapid diagnostic test

Thick and thin blood film

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4
Q

What does the thick blood film tell you ?

A

allows you to see if there are parasites

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5
Q

What does a thin blood film tell you ?

A

Gives you a closer look at what type of parasite/species

Allows you to quantify the parasitaemia

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6
Q

List 3 side effects of quinine ?

A

Cinchonism- dizzy, nauesues, vomiting
Arrhythmias
Hyperinsulinaemia

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7
Q

List 2 features on blood film suggestive of falciparum malaria ?

A

Headphone shaped parasites in red cells

Red cells with more than 1 parasite in it

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8
Q

What is the treatment of severe malaria ?

A

IV artusanate
(If not available then IV quinine)
followed by artemisinin + lumefantrine

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9
Q

Which disease presents with arthralgia, myalgia, retro-orbital headache, fever and rash ?

A

Dengue

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10
Q

Sphygmothermic dissociation is associated with which disease ? (When your Heart rate is relatively bradycardic for the high temperature)

A

Typhoid fever

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11
Q

Rose spots are pathognomonic of which disease ?

A

Typhoid fever

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12
Q

Which mosquito causes Dengue ?

A

AIDES

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13
Q

list diseases mosquitoes can cause

A
malaria 
encephalitis 
dengue 
yellow fever 
west nile virus 
zika virus
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14
Q

features of severe malaria

A
high parasitaeima 
altered consciousness with/ without seizures 
ARDS 
circulatory collapse
metabolic acidosis 
renal failure, haemoglobinuria 
hepatic failure 
coagulopathy +/- DIC 
severe anaemia 
hypoglycaemia
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15
Q

treatment for mild falciparum malaria

A
oral malarone (atovaquone + proguanil)
artermisinin combination therapy (artemesin + lumefantrine)
oral quinine (with doxy/clindamycin)
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16
Q

hwta is the treatment of choice for severe malaria

A

IV artesunate

17
Q

list clinical features of dengue fever

A
fever
headache
myalgia 
erythrodermic rash 
bleeidng 
hepatitis 
if severe - encephalitis, myocarditis 
can progress to dengue haemorrhagic fever/ dengue shock 
inv = serology, PCR
treatment: supportive
18
Q

features of typhoid fever

A

gram negative rod
vaccine only partially effective against S typhi, so protection against S paratyphi
high fever, headache, rose spots, constipation, dry cough
complications: GI bleeding, perforation, encephalopathy

19
Q

treatment for typhoid fever

A

empirical ceftriaxone

azithromycin

20
Q

features of infectious mononucleosis

A
EBV/CMV 
tonsillar enlargement with exudates 
atypical lymphocytosis 
inv: monospot, igM + EBV/CMV 
always consider HIV