Histopathology 1: Fundamentals of histology Flashcards

1
Q

List 2 histological features of Squamous cell carcinomas ?

A

Keratin production

Intracellular bridges

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2
Q

List 2 histological features of Adenocarcinoma ?

A

Gland forming

Mucin production

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3
Q

Which part of oesophagus tends to get Squamous cell carcinomas ?

A

Upper 1/3

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4
Q

Which stain identifies haemochromatosis ?

A

Prussian blue (Pearls stain)

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5
Q

Neutrophil infiltration shows ………. inflammation

A

Acute
Multilobed nuclei
Granules

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6
Q

List 3 situations in which you see eosinophils ?

A
  • allergic reactions
  • parasite infections
  • Hodgkins lymphoma

churg-strauss

bi-lobed nucleus with red granules

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7
Q

Which cells form granulomas ?

A

Macrophages

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8
Q

Name a disease in which you get caseating granulomas ?

A

TB

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9
Q

lymphocytes are associated with…

A

chronic inflammation and lymphomas

little cytoplasm, big nucleus

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10
Q

what causes feline oesophagus

A

horizontal striae in o often caused by food allergens

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11
Q

lots of mast cells in the epidermis is suggestive of…

A

urticaria

mast cells = large, lots of granules

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12
Q

what are macrophages associated with

A
late acute inflammation 
chronic inflammation (inc granulomas)

(have loads of cytoplasm)

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13
Q

when do you know if a sputum sample is sufficient

A

see pigmented macrophages is the sample - shows it has come from the alveoli

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14
Q

list 4 causes of granulomas

A
TB 
leprosy 
cat scratch fever
fungal infections 
sarcoidosis
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15
Q

what are carcinomas and name 3 types

A

malignant tumours of EPITHELIAL CELLS

SCC - keratin + IC bridges (+ swirls of keratin)

Adenocarcinoma - mucin (stains) and glands

TCC

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16
Q

list sites of SCC

A
skin 
head+ neck 
oesophagus 
anus 
cervix
vagina
17
Q

sites of origin of adenocarcinoma

A
lung 
breast 
stomach 
colon 
pancreas
18
Q

what stain is used for melanin

A

fontana

19
Q

histochemical vs immunohistochemical stain

A

histo - reaction between stain and tissue (H+E)

immuno - using antibodies against specific antigens

20
Q

… stain shows up amyloid

A

congo red
look under polarised light
produces apple-green birefringence
suggests amyloidosis

21
Q

when would you use cytokeratin AB

A

all epithelial cells have cytokeratin

22
Q

what is CD45 used to mark

A

lymphoid cells