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Year 5 path SW > Microbiology 11: Zoonoses > Flashcards

Microbiology 11: Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 organisms are transmitted from UK farm/wild animals e.g chickens, cows ?

A

Campylobacter

Salmonella

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2
Q

Which bacteria is commonly transmitted from poorly BBQd poultry ?

A

Campylobacter

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3
Q

Which 4 organisms are transmitted from companion animals in the UK ?

A

Bartonella (kittens)
Toxoplasmosis
Ringworm
Psittacosis (parrot fever)

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4
Q

What is the treatment of a campylobacter infection ?

A

Supportive treatment- lots of water, paracetamol etc

Avoid contact with others and make sure regular hand washing

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5
Q

Which disease is caused by bartonella infection in an immunocompetent patient ?

A

Cat scratch disease

The disease is transmitted from the cat into the persons mouth causing a Macule which may start to ouse. This can then cause regional adenopathy and even systemic systems such as fever, weight loss and night sweats.

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6
Q

What disease is caused by bartonella in an immune-compromised patient?

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

You get skin Papules, Hepatitis and multi organ/vasculature involvement
Can be fatal especially in HIV patients.

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7
Q

Which disease transmitted from cats can cause foetal abnormalities in pregnant women ?

A

Toxoplasmosis

Can cause still birth, progressive visual loss, motor and cognitive function loss

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8
Q

Which signs can toxoplasmosis cause in immunocompromised people ?

A

Neuropathy

Seizures

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9
Q

A goat farmer from India presents with a month long history of fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss and sweating. On examination you notice he has one enlarged testicle. He admits to drinking unpasteurised milk from his goats.

Which organism is the likely cause of his infection ?

A

Brucella (he has brucellosis)

Presents almost exactly like extra pulmonary TB

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10
Q

This disease is transmitted from aerosolisation and inhalation of cattle excrement especially goats. There was an outbreak in Dutch goat farms. It presents with high fever, flu like symptoms and can cause hepatitis and endocarditis.

What is this disease ?

A

Q-fever

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11
Q

What is the management of a patient that was bitten by a rabid looking dog in Thailand?

A

Post exposure vaccination
AND
Immunoglobulin

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12
Q

A patient has been bitten by a rat and presents with fever, polyarthalgia and a purpurin rash.

What is the most likely diagnosis ?

A

Rat bite fever

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13
Q

A patient from the US has been bitten by a rat and presents with signs of ARDS and also has fever and myalgia.

A

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

The same type of virus found in SE Asia causes bleeding and renal failure instead of pulmonary failure.

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14
Q

This disease is transmitted by rats bats and ticks. It presents with fever, myalgia, flu-like symptoms and bleeding. This can be caused by Ebola…

What is the most likely disease ?

A

Viral haemorrhaging fever

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15
Q

A 35 year old patient presents with abdominal cramps and diarrhoea after a BBQ what is the most likely source?

A) Beef
B) Pork
C) chicken
D) unpasteurised cheese
E) playing with a tortoise
A

C - chicken

This is most likely to be a case of campylobacter

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16
Q

A 35 year old patient presents with fever after a bat bite. What potential infection is the most concerning?

A) Spirillum minus
B) hanta virus
C) lassa virus
D) rabies virus
E) Streptobacillus moniliformis
A

D - Rabies virus (causes by Lyssa virus)

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17
Q

Patient died of encephalitis. Histology shows neural cells with Negri bodies. This finding is pathognomonic for ………..

A

Rabies!

Negri bodies are ribosomal inclusion bodies that make the cells look eosinophilic.

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18
Q

Which organism causes Plague ?

A

Yersinia pestis

Found in rats and transmitted by fleas.

19
Q

Your mate kev is kayaking in the thames when a small wave causes him to capsize. He sees a sewer dog looking at him whilst it pees into the water. After paddling home safely Kev develops a very high fever 2 weeks later. He has bright red eyes muscle and joint pains and has started to turn yellow.

Most likely diagnosis ?

A

Leptospirosis.

Transmitted in cat and dog urine. Often acquired by swimming in infected water with cuts.

20
Q

A wool sorter presents to the GP practice with painless round black sessions on their arms. On examination they have massive lymphadenopathy and signs of respiratory failure.

Most likely diagnosis ?

A

Anthrax

bacillus anthracis

21
Q

Grace went hiking to a waterfall in Sri Lanka. She notices blood dripping from her leg which didn’t stop for a long time. A week later she develops a rash that looks like a “Bulls eye”. Months later she then starts acting strangely and has a facial palsy.

Most likely diagnosis?

A

Lyme’s disease

Early stage with Erythema chronic Migrans (bullseye rash), lymphadenopathy, Arthritis, carditis.

Later stage: Focal neurological signs- Bells palsy

22
Q

What is the gold standard test for diagnosis of Leptospirosis ?

A

The microscopic agglutination test

23
Q

What the the 3 types of Leishmani infection ?

A
  • Visceral (kala azar)
  • Cutaneous
  • Mucocutaneous
24
Q

Which of the 3 types of Leishmania Infections causes hyperpigmentation, fever, lymphadenopathy, warty skin and hepatosplenomegally?

A

-Visceral leishmania (Kala Azar)

25
Q

Which of the 3 types of Leishmania infections causes: an itchy scaly rash where the sandfly bite was, which turns into an Ulcer? After the lesion heals it leaves a depigmented scar.

A

-Cutaneous Leishmania

26
Q

Which of the 3 types of Leishmania infections causes late presenting disfiguring ulcers on the mucous membranes ?

A

-Mucocutaneous Leishmania

27
Q

Which organism causes Mucocutaneous Leishmania ?

A
  • L.Braziliensis
28
Q

Which vector transmits Leishmania ?

A

Sandfly

29
Q

Which fly transmits Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense ?

A

TseTse fly

30
Q

Which disease is caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense?

A

African sleeping sickness

31
Q

what zoonoses do we have in the UK

A

farm/wild animals - campylobacter, salmonella

compagnion animals - artonella, toxoplasmosis, ringworm, psitticosis

32
Q

name some tropical zoonoses

A

farm/wild amimal - brucella, coxiella, rabies, VHF

compagnion animals - rabies, tick-bourne diseases, spirilum minus

33
Q

features of campylobacter

A 
poultry/ cattle 
contaminated food esp. chicken 
presentation: diarrhoea, bloating, cramps 
inv: stool culture 
man: supportive
34
Q

features of salmonella

A 
poultry, reptiles/ amphibians 
contaminated food, poor hygiene 
presentation: diarrhoea, vomiting, fever 
inv: stool 
man: supportive, cipro, azithromycin
35
Q

features of bartnella henselae

A

kittens> cats
scratches, bikes, licks of wounds, fleas
causes - cat scratch disease (immunocompetent)
- bacillary angiomatosis (immunocompromised)

36
Q

features of cat scratch disease

A

macule at site
pustular
regional adenopathy
systemic symptoms

inv: seology
man: erythromycin + doxy

37
Q

features of bacillary angiomatosis

A

skin papules, disseminated organ failure, bursting of vessels, can be fatal

inv: histopath, serology
man: erythromycin, doxy + rifampicin

38
Q

features of toxoplasmosis

A

cats, sheep
infected meat, faecal cont.

fever, adenopathy, still-birth, seizures, neuropathy

inv: serology
man: spiramycin, pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine

39
Q

features of brucellosis

A

cattle, goats
unpasteurised milk, undercooked meat
fever, back pain, orchitis, focal abscess (psoas, liver)

inv: blood/ pus culture
serology

man: doxy + gentamicin/rifampicin

40
Q

features of Q fever

A

cause = COXIELLA BURNETTI
goats, sheep, cattle
aerosolisation/ inhalation of secretions, waste, milk of infected animals
pres: fever, flu, pneumonia, hepatitis, endocarditis, focal abscesses
inv: serology
man: doxy

41
Q

features of rabies

A

lyssa virus
dogs, cats, bats
bites, scratches, contact with infected fluid
seizures, salivation, agitation, confusion, fever, headache
inv: serology, brain biopsy
man: IG, vaccine

42
Q

features pf rat bite fever

A

streptobacillus moniliformis/ spirillum minus
rats
bites, contact with urine/ droppings
fevers, polyarthralgia, maculopapular progressing to purpuric rash, endocarditis
inv: joint fluid microscopy , blood culture
man: penecillins

43
Q

fetures of hentavirus pulmonary syndrome

A

deer mouse, white footed mouse, cotton rat, rice rat
contact with urine/droppings, aerosolisation
fever, myalgia, resp failure, bleeding + renal failure
inv: serology, PCR
man: supportive

44
Q

features of viral haemorrhagic fever

A 
ebola, margurg,lass
contact with infected fluids
fever, myalgia, flu, bleeding 
inv: serology, PCR 
man: supportive

Year 5 path SW (106 decks)

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