Chempath 9: Thyroid Flashcards
Which auto-antibodies are seen in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis ?
anti-TPO
also anti-TG
Which auto-antibodies are seen in Grave’s disease?
anti-TSH receptor (activates Thyroid production)
what is the most common type of thyroid cancer?
Pappilary thyroid cancer
In which cancer are Psammoma bodies seen on histology ?
Papillary thyroid
also ovarian serous cyst adenoma
which thyroid cancer is associated with MEN2 ?
Medullary thyroid cancer
Which thyroid cancer releases calcitonin ?
Medullary thyroid cancer
List the 3 cancers seen in MEN1
Pituitary
Parathyroid
Pancreatic (Insulinoma)
3 Ps
List the 3 cancers seen in MEN2a
Phaeochromocytoma
Parathyroid
Medullary thyroid
2 Ps 1 M
List the 3 cancers seen in MEN2b
Phaeochromocytoma
Medullary thyroid
Mucocutaneous neuromas
1 P 2 Ms
What is the mode of inheritance for MEN ?
Autosomal dominant
List 2 causes of hyperthyroidism with high iodine uptake ?
Grave’s disease
Multinodular goitre
List 2 causes of hyperthyroidism with low iodine uptake ?
De Quervains thyroiditis
Post partum thyroiditis
List causes of hypothyroidism ?
Hashimoto's thyroiditis Atrophic hypothyroidism Iodine deficiency post thyroidectomy/Post radioactive iodine Drugs- Lithium, Amiodarone
Which drug can be used to treat hyperthyroidism without inducing permanent hypothyroidism?
carbimazole
how is thyroxine made
TSH controls the uptake of iodide to the thyroid (blocked by perchlorate)
Iodide goes through the membrane via Na+/l+/ATPase
Iodide converted to iodine by thyroid peroxidase
Iodine taken up by thyroglobulin and converted into thyroxine (T4)
Converted to T3 in the periphery