microbiology 1 Flashcards
The study of organisms not visible to the naked eye
microbiology
- basic unit of life
– it is the smallest structural and functional
unit of biology
CELL
Two types of cell:
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Domains of living organisms:
EUKARYA – eukaryotic cell
BACTERIA – prokaryotic cell
ARCHAEA – prokaryotic cell
– Contains all members of the living world except for
prokaryotes.
– breed among themselves
EUKARYA
Types of protista:
a. Protozoa
b. Algae
- unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes
– non-photosynthetic
FUNGI
– unicellular eukaryotes
– nonphotosynthetic
PROTISTA
rhodophyta
Red algae
examples of fungi:
a. yeasts – unicellular
b. molds – multicellular
c. mushrooms – fleshy fungi
unicellular eukaryote like amoeba
Protozoa
– multicellular eukaryotes
– photosynthetic and the most important photosynthesizing organisms on Earth
Algae
phaeophyta
Brown algae
chlorophyta
Green algae
chrysophyta
Golden brown
pyrophyta
Dinoflaggelates
- includes all the plants
– they are eukaryotic, multicellular and
autotrophic organisms.
PLANTAE
- all members are multicellular and have eukaryotic cells.
– are heterotrophic (they consume other organisms, breathe oxygen, have myocytes, able to move, reproduces sexually and grows from hollow sphere of cells during embryonic development)
ANIMALIA
holds and protects the cell.
CELL MEMBRANE/PLASMA MEMBRANE
gelatinous matrix or base material of the nucleus
nucleoplasm
either embedded or suspended in the nucleoplasm (double helix)
chromosomes
PARTS EUKARYOTIC CELL
CELL MEMBRANE/PLASMA MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
RIBOSOMES
GOLGI APPARATUS/ GOLGI COMPLEX
LYSOSOMES
PEROXISOMES
MITOCHONDRIA
CYTOSKELETON
Three components of nucleus:
nucleoplasm
chromosomes
nuclear membrane
serves as skin around nucleus which contains holes
nuclear membrane
primary difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
NUCLEUS
semifluid portion of the cytoplasm
cytosol
- where tRNA molecule is manufactured
– it exits the nucleus and becomes part of the
structure of ribosomes
nucleolus
semifluid, gelatinous, nutrient matrix which houses important organelles in the cell like the golgi apparatus, ER, mitochondria, vacuoles
CYTOPLASM
- highly convoluted(very twisted) system of membranes that are interconnected and arranged to form a transport network of tubules and flattened sacs within the cytoplasm.
– produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function.
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
has ribosomes hence it being rough which attaches to the outer surface of the membrane
Rough ER
not attached to the membrane
Smooth ER
