microbiology 1

Question 1

The study of organisms not visible to the naked eye

Answer 1

microbiology

Question 2

• basic unit of life
  – it is the smallest structural and functional
  unit of biology

Answer 2

CELL

Question 3

Two types of cell:

Answer 3

EUKARYOTIC CELLS
PROKARYOTIC CELLS

Question 4

Domains of living organisms:

Answer 4

EUKARYA – eukaryotic cell
BACTERIA – prokaryotic cell
ARCHAEA – prokaryotic cell

Question 5

– Contains all members of the living world except for
prokaryotes.
– breed among themselves

Answer 5

EUKARYA

Question 5

Types of protista:

Answer 5

a. Protozoa
b. Algae

Question 6

• unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes
  – non-photosynthetic

Answer 6

FUNGI

Question 6

– unicellular eukaryotes
– nonphotosynthetic

Answer 6

PROTISTA

Question 7

rhodophyta

Answer 7

Red algae

Question 7

examples of fungi:

Answer 7

a. yeasts – unicellular
b. molds – multicellular
c. mushrooms – fleshy fungi

Question 8

unicellular eukaryote like amoeba

Answer 8

Protozoa

Question 9

– multicellular eukaryotes
– photosynthetic and the most important photosynthesizing organisms on Earth

Answer 9

Algae

Question 10

phaeophyta

Answer 10

Brown algae

Question 11

chlorophyta

Answer 11

Green algae

Question 12

chrysophyta

Answer 12

Golden brown

Question 13

pyrophyta

Answer 13

Dinoflaggelates

Question 14

• includes all the plants
  – they are eukaryotic, multicellular and
  autotrophic organisms.

Answer 14

PLANTAE

Question 15

• all members are multicellular and have eukaryotic cells.
  – are heterotrophic (they consume other organisms, breathe oxygen, have myocytes, able to move, reproduces sexually and grows from hollow sphere of cells during embryonic development)

Answer 15

ANIMALIA

Question 16

holds and protects the cell.

Answer 16

CELL MEMBRANE/PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 16

gelatinous matrix or base material of the nucleus

Answer 16

nucleoplasm

Question 16

either embedded or suspended in the nucleoplasm (double helix)

Answer 16

chromosomes

Question 16

PARTS EUKARYOTIC CELL

Answer 16

CELL MEMBRANE/PLASMA MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
RIBOSOMES
GOLGI APPARATUS/ GOLGI COMPLEX
LYSOSOMES
PEROXISOMES
MITOCHONDRIA
CYTOSKELETON

Question 17

Three components of nucleus:

Answer 17

nucleoplasm
chromosomes
nuclear membrane

Question 17

serves as skin around nucleus which contains holes

Answer 17

nuclear membrane

Question 17

primary difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 17

NUCLEUS

Question 18

semifluid portion of the cytoplasm

Answer 18

cytosol

Question 18

- where tRNA molecule is manufactured – it exits the nucleus and becomes part of the structure of ribosomes

Answer 18

nucleolus

Question 19

semifluid, gelatinous, nutrient matrix which houses important organelles in the cell like the golgi apparatus, ER, mitochondria, vacuoles

Answer 19

CYTOPLASM

Question 20

- highly convoluted(very twisted) system of membranes that are interconnected and arranged to form a transport network of tubules and flattened sacs within the cytoplasm. – produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function.

Answer 20

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Question 20

has ribosomes hence it being rough which attaches to the outer surface of the membrane

Answer 20

Rough ER

Question 21

not attached to the membrane

Answer 21

Smooth ER