acellular microbes 2

Question 1

lesions of upper body

Answer 1

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)

Question 2

lesions of lower body

Answer 2

Herpes simplex virus 2

Question 3

prevent organs from working properly

Answer 3

Human cytomegalovirus

Question 4

caused by HHV-8

Answer 4

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 4

kissing disease

Answer 4

Epstein-Barr virus

Question 4

chickenpox

Answer 4

Varicella zoster virus

Question 5

“sixth disease” occurs in infants/children induces seizures

Answer 5

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

Question 5

“sixth disease” mild and self-limited infection in children

Answer 5

Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7)

Question 6

enveloped DNA viruses:

Answer 6

Hepadnaviridae
Herpesviridae
Poxviridae

Question 7

viruses are pieces of host cell RNA/DNA
that have escaped from living cells

Answer 7

ESCAPED GENE THEORY

Question 8

Three major theories to explain origin
of viruses:

Answer 8

COEVOLUTION THEORY
RETROGRADE EVOLUTION THEORY
ESCAPED GENE THEORY

Question 9

viruses evolved from free-living prokaryotes

Answer 9

RETROGRADE EVOLUTION THEORY

Question 9

viruses originated in the primordial soup

Answer 9

COEVOLUTION THEORY

Question 10

Three categories based on shape:

Answer 10

Icosahedron bacteriophages
Filamentous bacteriophages
Complex bacteriophages

Question 11

– the viruses that infects bacteria
– obligate intracellular pathogens (cannot reproduce outside cell host

Answer 11

BACTERIOPHAGES

Question 12

almost spherical shape with 20 triangular facets

Answer 12

Icosahedron bacteriophages

Question 12

long tubes formed by capsid proteins assembled into helical structure. Up to 900nm long

Answer 12

Filamentous bacteriophages

Question 13

icosahedral heads attached to helical tails.

Answer 13

Complex bacteriophages

Question 14

simple replication cycle that ends with the destruction(lysis)

Answer 14

LYTIC CYCLE

Question 15

causes lytic cycle

Answer 15

VIRULENT BACTERIOPHAGES

Question 16

do not immediately initiate lytic cycle

Answer 16

TEMPERATE PHAGES

Question 17

Steps in Multiplication of Bacteriophages(Lytic Cycle):

Answer 17

ATTACHMENT (Adsorption)
PENETRATION
BIOSYNTHESIS
ASSEMBLY
RELEASE

Question 17

the phage attaches to a protein

Answer 17

ATTACHMENT (Adsorption)

Question 18

the phage injects its DNA into the bacterial cell

Answer 18

PENETRATION

Question 19

phage genes are expressed

Answer 19

BIOSYNTHESIS

Question 20

the phage pieces or parts are assembled

Answer 20

ASSEMBLY

Question 21

– viruses that infects human and animal – like bacteriophages, can only attach to and invade cells bearing appropriate surface receptors

Answer 21

ANIMAL VIRUSES

Question 22

the complete phages escape

Answer 22

RELEASE

Question 23

Steps in Multiplication of Animal Viruses:

Answer 23

ATTACHMENT (Adsorption) PENETRATION UNCOATING BIOSYNTHESIS ASSEMBLY RELEASE

Question 24

the virus is able to downregulate its gene expression

Answer 24

LATENT VIRUS INFECTIONS

Question 25

functions by inhibiting certain metabolic activities

Answer 25

Antibiotics

Question 26

viruses that causes cancer

Answer 26

ONCOVIRUSES

Question 27

herpes virus that causes infectious mononucleosis

Answer 27

EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS

Question 28

causes Kaposi sarcoma,

Answer 28

HUMAN HERPES VIRUS 8

Question 29

– the cause of AIDS, an enveloped, single stranded RNA virus – member of a genus lentiviruses, in a family of viruses called retroviridae – able to attach to and invade cells bearing receptors that the virus recognizes – destroys important cells of the immune system

Answer 29

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 30

consists of short, naked fragments of single-stranded RNA that can interfere with the metabolism of plant cells and stunt the growth of plants (sometimes killing it)

Answer 30

VIROIDS

Question 30

– an extremely large double-stranded DNA virus recovered from amoebas – given the name because it “mimics” bacteria – it is so large that it can be observed using standard compound light microscope – contains several genes for sugar, lipid, and amino acid metabolism

Answer 30

MIMIVIRUS

Question 30

– even larger double-stranded DNA virus discovered in water sample off the coast of Chile(2010) – given the name Megavirus chilensis – has the largest capsid diameter (440nm) and the largest and most complex genome of all known viruses – isolated in a French laboratory by co cultivation with amoebas – natural host not known

Answer 30

MEGAVIRUS

Question 30

examples of prions:

Answer 30

scrapie mad cow disease kuru – loss of coordination and dimentia GSS disease – loss of coordination and dementia

Question 31

small infectious proteins that apparently causes fatal neurological diseases

Answer 31

PRIONS