Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Microbial Systems Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Microbial Systems Pt. 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

This phylum includes methanogens, which produce methane as a metabolic waste product, and halobacteria, which live in extreme saline environment.

A

Euryarchaeota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Methane production causes flatulence in humans and other animals

A

Methanogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Large blooms of this salt loving archaea appear reddish due to the presence of bacterirhodopsin in the membrane. Bacterirhodospin is related to retinal pigment rhodospin

A

Halobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Members of the ubiquitous phylum play an important role in the fixation of carbon. Many members of this group are sulfur-dependent extremophiles. Some are thermophilic or hyperthermophilic

A

Crenarcheota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Members of this genus grow in volcanic springs at temperature between 75° and 8-°C at a pH between 2 and 3

A

Sulfulobus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This group currently contains only one species.

A

Nanoarcheota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This species was isolated from the bottom of the atlantic ocean and from a hydrothermal vent at yellowstone national park. It is an obligate symbiont with ignicoccus, another species of archaea

A

Nanoarchaeum equitans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Members of this phylum considered to be one of the most primitive forms of life, have only been found in the Obsidian Pool, a hot spring at Yellowstone National Park. No members of this species have been cultivated

A

Korarcheota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

▪ represent the deepest, oldest branch of Bacteria
▪ the original bacterial ancestor was probably thermophilic and chemolithoautotrophic

A

Aquificae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

▪ the second deepest branch of Bacteria
▪ Aquifex, are thermophiles with a
▪ growth optimum of 80°C and a maximum of 90°C.

A

Thermotogae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

▪ most are mesophiles
▪ Thermus aquaticus 700C, hyperthermophiles
▪ Deinococci, in pairs or tetrads, resistant to
oxidative stress (desiccation and radiation)

A

Deinococcus (Deinococcales and Thermales)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

▪ lack walls and do not synthesize peptidoglycan precursors (mycoplasmas)
▪ small genomes, and simplified metabolic pathways

A

Mollicutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A type of bacteria that utilizes sunlight to produce food. They convert the energy they get from the sun into chemical energy and they are gram negative.

A

Photosynthetic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A phylum of gram negative bacteria. It has a cyan color due to the photopigments frequencies it can absorb from the sun. They are thought to be the first organisms to evolve and develop photosynthesis

A

Cyanobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

▪ lack peptidoglycan, budding division
▪ anammoxosome = compartment
▪ anammox reaction (anaerobic ammonium oxidation)
▪ Brocadia, Kuenenia, Scalindua, and Anammoxoglobus

A

Planctomycetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

▪ gram (-) bacteria, coccoid, nonmotile
▪ lack peptidoglycan
▪ elementary body to reticulate body
▪ Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Chlamydiae

17
Q

▪ Gram (-) bacteria
▪ slender, long, helical
▪ Treponema pallidum
▪ Leptospira interrogans

A

Spirochaetes

18
Q

▪ obligately anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic, non-spore formers, motile/ non-motile
▪ intestinal symbionts (ruminants)
▪ Gliding motility, Cytophaga, Sporocytophaga, and Flavobacterium

A

Bacteroidetes

19
Q

consists mostly of phototrophic genera, symbionts of plants
▪ Plant - Rhizobium spp., Agrobacterium
▪ Unequal division - Caulobacter
▪ Pathogenic – Rikettsia spp. (obligate intracellular)

A

Alphaproteobacteria

20
Q

consists of degrading bacteria
▪ Ammonia-oxidising genus Nitrosomonas
▪ Nitrogen fixation in various types of plants
▪ Phototrophs- Rhodocyclus and Rubrivivax
▪ Pathogenic - Burkholderia and Neisseriaceae

A

Betaproteobacteria

21
Q

some important pathogens, largest bacterial class
▪ Enterobacteriaceae – Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Yersinia pestis, Klebsiella and Shigella

A

Gammaproteobacteria

22
Q

consists mostly of aerobic genera
▪ predatory aerobes
▪ Myxobacteria (slime bacteria) which can form fruiting bodies
▪ anaerobes, chemoorganotrophes
▪ Sulfate and sulfur reducing bacteria - Desulfovibrio, Desulfobacter, Desulfuromonas

A

Deltaroteobacteria

23
Q

smallest of the proteobacterial classes
▪ curved to spiral microbes in intestines of animals
▪ Symbionts – Wolinella spp. (cows)
▪ Pathogens - Helicobacter spp. in the stomach, Campylobacter spp. in the duodenum
▪ microaerophilic, motile, helical or vibrioid, gram (-) rods
▪ Deep sea hydrothermal vents, chemolithoautotrophs

A

Epsilonproteobacteria

24
Q

Anaerobic Endospore-Formers
▪ Gram (+) rods, anaerobes
▪ Food spoilage, botulism, tetanus and gas gangrene

A

Clostridia

25
Q

Gram-Positive Bacteria with Outer Membranes

A

Negativicutes

26
Q

Aerobic Endospore- Forming Bacteria
▪ Genus Baccilus
▪ rods
▪ catalase +,
▪ chemoorganotrophes
▪ usually with peritrichous flagella

A

Bacilli

27
Q

▪ usually catalase positive and oxidase negative
▪ many virulence factors

A

Staphylococcaceae

28
Q

o do not form endospores
o usually nonmotile
▪ Genus _________ - used in food and dairy industry (LAB)
o rod to coccobacilli
o Lactobacillus, Listeria (pathogenic)

A

Lactobacillales; Lactobacillus

29
Q

Genus __________ – facultatively anaerobic and catalase negative
o cocci
o can lyse RBC
o Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Lactococcus

A

Streptococcus

30
Q

▪ aerobic bacteria
▪ filamentous cells called hyphae
▪ asexual spores
▪ Secondary metabolites: antibiotics
▪ Some pathogenic
▪ Can be isolated in soil, aquatic env.

A

Actinomycetes

31
Q

▪ irregularly shaped, nonsporing, Gram-positive rods with aerobic, facultative, or microaerophilic metabolism
▪ Normal inhabitants of mucosal surfaces of humans
▪ A. bovis causes lumpy jaw in cattle

A

Actinomycetales

32
Q

▪ Genus Micrococcus
- aerobic, catalase-positive cocci that occur mainly in pairs, tetrads, or irregular clusters
▪ Genus Arthrobacter
- aerobic, catalase-positive rods with respiratory metabolism
- Resistant to desiccation and nutrient deprivation, even though they do not form spores.

A

Micrococcales

33
Q

▪ Human pathogens
▪ Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, and Nocardia
▪ mycolic acids, virulence factor

A

Corynebacteriales

34
Q

▪ Human pathogens
▪ Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, and Nocardia
▪ mycolic acids, virulence factor

A

Corynebacteriales

35
Q

▪ strict aerobes, antibiotics
▪ true multicellularity among bacteria
▪ S. griseus, streptomycin, the first drug to cure TB

A

Streptomycetales

36
Q

▪ genera Frankia and Geodermatophilus
▪ symbiotic association with non-leguminous plants
▪ fix nitrogen

A

Frankiales

Microbiology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions