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Microbial Ecology (Lec) Flashcards

1
Q

It is a dynamic complex of organisms and their physical environment interacting as a functional unit

A

Ecosystem

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2
Q

True or false: Humans are ecosystem

A

True

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3
Q

True or false: biotic factors react to non-living factors

A

True

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4
Q

It is an environment within an ecosystem where a microbial community could reside

A

Habitat

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5
Q

It is a group of organisms of the same species in the same place at the same time

A

Population

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6
Q

It is when two or more cell population co-existing in one place

A

Community

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7
Q

A population of metabolically related MOs

A

Guild

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8
Q

total no. of different species present in a community

A

SPECIES RICHNESS

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9
Q

proportion of species in the community

A

SPECIES ABUNDANCE

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10
Q

True or false: The higher the richness the lower the abundance, and vice-versa

A

True

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11
Q

An assembly/layers attached to surface

A

BIOFILM

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12
Q

It is responsible for biofilm formation

A

C-di-GMP

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13
Q

It’s one of the most diverse environment. Has thousands to millions of species

A

SOIL

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14
Q

weathering of rock > changes over time
^ becomes powder, hence it changes over time

A

Mineral soil

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15
Q
  • sedimentation in bogs and marshes
  • nutrient rich
A

Organic soil

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16
Q

What is the composition of soil?

A

Inorganic matter 40%
Organic matter 5%
Water 50%
Microbes 5%

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17
Q

The top part of the soil

A

O Horizon

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18
Q

High organic matter = many bacteria, most active microbial growth

A

A Horizon

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19
Q

Also called the subsoil

A

B Horizon

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20
Q

The soil base, bedrock

A

C Horizon

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21
Q
  • mostly found in A horizon
  • many roots
  • high microbial cell abundance
A

Rhizosphere

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22
Q

The soil that surrounds plant roots and receives plant secretions of MOs

A

Rhizosphere

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23
Q

It has the most number of biomass

A

SUBSURFACE

24
Q
  • It is low in salt content
  • a body of inland water with low salinity that’s home to a variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms
A

FRESHWATER

25
organisms that uses light energy to create food and oxygen through photosynthesis ex. planktonic (floating), benthic (depth), prochlorococcus (most abundant)
oxygenic phototrophic microbes
26
Most abundant oxygenic phototrophic microbes
prochlorococcus
27
It has an old egg scent
Hydrogen sulfide
28
The part of lake that sunlight reaches - wind helps oxygenate the lake
Epimilion
29
The change in temperature > cold increases, transition layer
Thermocline
30
The lower part of the lake > hydrogen sulfide appears, colder, denser bottom layer
Hypolimnion
31
Organisms that uses light as energy source to produce ATP and carry cellular processes
Phototrophic organisms
32
Do not like to eat, Uses organic compounds (low nutrient content)
Oligotrophs
33
They are microbes that can live in environments with very low nutrient content
Oligotrophes
34
A bacteria that uses organic nutrients to grow. Can become anoxic due to hydrogen sulfide
Heterotrophic bacteria
35
True or false: There are more archaea at the bottom of the ocean but there are more bacteria at the surface
True
36
MOs that can resist high pressure
Piezophiles
37
MOs that can live in extreme pressurized environments such as in the ocean floor
Moritella
38
True or false: Viruses are most abundant in ocean habitat
True
39
- clean up of oil, toxic chemicals and other pollutants - for solid waste and nuclear waste management - changes oil to nontoxic chemical - nuclear wastes can live a lifetime being reactive
BIOREMEDIATION
40
one the organism benefit or both benefits
SYMBIOSIS
41
- good symbiosis - most grow in the trunk - not just one organism: algae and fungi - beneficial contribution
LICHEN
42
- group of plant - root nodule symbiosis - rhizobia - nitrogen fixation
LEGUME
43
- when two microbes form together - consists of 13 to 69 green sulfur (epibionts) - has mutual relationship between two microorganisms
CONSORTIA
44
It is attracted to more sulfur
chemotaxis
45
- fungi acts as extension to plant roots - has a eukaryotic relationship with plants - Arbuscular and Endomycorrhizae
MYCORRHIZAE
46
- can easily be washed away - slightly embedded - Absorb more nutrients - Colonize ~ 85% of terrestrial plants
Arbuscular
47
- A part of fungus is deeply embedded in roots - Roots of forest trees
Endomycorrhizae
48
- goat, rabbits - cellulose are polysaccharide --- can't be digested by humans - microbes that helps animals digest cellulose
RUMINAL MICROBES
49
Pests that produces nitrogen
TERMITE
50
- Aliivibrio symbiosis - can camouflage - can light up because of bacteria - bioluminescent Aliivibrio fischeri cells in light organ of the squid
EUPRYMNA SCOLOPES
51
_____________ have a parasitic relationship with one another
Agrobacterium and plants
52
____________ does not have a relationship with animals
Pelodictyon
53
_________________ are MOs that uses sunlight without oxygen
Purple anoxygenic phototrophs
54
If you have an E. coli, S. aureus, S. enteric and P. aeroginosa in intestinal habitat, we can say:
It has high species richness
55
a device that cultures microorganisms by mimicking their natural habitat
Winogradsky column
56
a group of microbes that obtain energy for growth by oxidizing inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen, sulfur, and metals
Chemolithotrophs
57
use of MOS to degrade, transform, or accumulate environmental pollutants
BIODEGRADATION

Microbiology (14 decks)

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