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Microbiology > Microbial Ecology (Lec) > Flashcards

Microbial Ecology (Lec) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

It is a dynamic complex of organisms and their physical environment interacting as a functional unit

A

Ecosystem

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2
Q

True or false: Humans are ecosystem

A

True

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3
Q

True or false: biotic factors react to non-living factors

A

True

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4
Q

It is an environment within an ecosystem where a microbial community could reside

A

Habitat

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5
Q

It is a group of organisms of the same species in the same place at the same time

A

Population

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6
Q

It is when two or more cell population co-existing in one place

A

Community

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7
Q

A population of metabolically related MOs

A

Guild

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8
Q

total no. of different species present in a community

A

SPECIES RICHNESS

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9
Q

proportion of species in the community

A

SPECIES ABUNDANCE

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10
Q

True or false: The higher the richness the lower the abundance, and vice-versa

A

True

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11
Q

An assembly/layers attached to surface

A

BIOFILM

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12
Q

It is responsible for biofilm formation

A

C-di-GMP

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13
Q

It’s one of the most diverse environment. Has thousands to millions of species

A

SOIL

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14
Q

weathering of rock > changes over time
^ becomes powder, hence it changes over time

A

Mineral soil

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15
Q
  • sedimentation in bogs and marshes
  • nutrient rich
A

Organic soil

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16
Q

What is the composition of soil?

A

Inorganic matter 40%
Organic matter 5%
Water 50%
Microbes 5%

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17
Q

The top part of the soil

A

O Horizon

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18
Q

High organic matter = many bacteria, most active microbial growth

A

A Horizon

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19
Q

Also called the subsoil

A

B Horizon

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20
Q

The soil base, bedrock

A

C Horizon

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21
Q
  • mostly found in A horizon
  • many roots
  • high microbial cell abundance
A

Rhizosphere

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22
Q

The soil that surrounds plant roots and receives plant secretions of MOs

A

Rhizosphere

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23
Q

It has the most number of biomass

A

SUBSURFACE

24
Q
  • It is low in salt content
  • a body of inland water with low salinity that’s home to a variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms
A

FRESHWATER

25
Q

organisms that uses light energy to create food and oxygen through photosynthesis
ex. planktonic (floating), benthic (depth), prochlorococcus (most abundant)

A

oxygenic phototrophic microbes

26
Q

Most abundant oxygenic phototrophic microbes

A

prochlorococcus

27
Q

It has an old egg scent

A

Hydrogen sulfide

28
Q

The part of lake that sunlight reaches - wind helps oxygenate the lake

A

Epimilion

29
Q

The change in temperature > cold increases, transition layer

A

Thermocline

30
Q

The lower part of the lake > hydrogen sulfide appears, colder, denser bottom layer

A

Hypolimnion

31
Q

Organisms that uses light as energy source to produce ATP and carry cellular processes

A

Phototrophic organisms

32
Q

Do not like to eat, Uses organic compounds (low nutrient content)

A

Oligotrophs

33
Q

They are microbes that can live in environments with very low nutrient content

A

Oligotrophes

34
Q

A bacteria that uses organic nutrients to grow. Can become anoxic due to hydrogen sulfide

A

Heterotrophic bacteria

35
Q

True or false: There are more archaea at the bottom of the ocean but there are more bacteria at the surface

A

True

36
Q

MOs that can resist high pressure

A

Piezophiles

37
Q

MOs that can live in extreme pressurized environments such as in the ocean floor

A

Moritella

38
Q

True or false: Viruses are most abundant in ocean habitat

A

True

39
Q
  • clean up of oil, toxic chemicals and other pollutants
  • for solid waste and nuclear waste management
  • changes oil to nontoxic chemical
  • nuclear wastes can live a lifetime being reactive
A

BIOREMEDIATION

40
Q

one the organism benefit or both benefits

A

SYMBIOSIS

41
Q
  • good symbiosis
  • most grow in the trunk
  • not just one organism: algae and fungi
  • beneficial contribution
A

LICHEN

42
Q
  • group of plant
  • root nodule symbiosis
  • rhizobia - nitrogen fixation
A

LEGUME

43
Q
  • when two microbes form together
  • consists of 13 to 69 green sulfur (epibionts)
  • has mutual relationship between two microorganisms
A

CONSORTIA

44
Q

It is attracted to more sulfur

A

chemotaxis

45
Q
  • fungi acts as extension to plant roots
  • has a eukaryotic relationship with plants
  • Arbuscular and Endomycorrhizae
A

MYCORRHIZAE

46
Q
  • can easily be washed away
  • slightly embedded
  • Absorb more nutrients
  • Colonize ~ 85% of terrestrial plants
A

Arbuscular

47
Q
  • A part of fungus is deeply embedded in roots
  • Roots of forest trees
A

Endomycorrhizae

48
Q
  • goat, rabbits
  • cellulose are polysaccharide — can’t be digested by humans
  • microbes that helps animals digest cellulose
A

RUMINAL MICROBES

49
Q

Pests that produces nitrogen

A

TERMITE

50
Q
  • Aliivibrio symbiosis
  • can camouflage
  • can light up because of bacteria
  • bioluminescent Aliivibrio fischeri cells in light organ of the squid
A

EUPRYMNA SCOLOPES

51
Q

_____________ have a parasitic relationship with one another

A

Agrobacterium and plants

52
Q

____________ does not have a relationship with animals

A

Pelodictyon

53
Q

_________________ are MOs that uses sunlight without oxygen

A

Purple anoxygenic phototrophs

54
Q

If you have an E. coli, S. aureus, S. enteric and P. aeroginosa in intestinal habitat, we can say:

A

It has high species richness

55
Q

a device that cultures microorganisms by mimicking their natural habitat

A

Winogradsky column

56
Q

a group of microbes that obtain energy for growth by oxidizing inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen, sulfur, and metals

A

Chemolithotrophs

57
Q

use of MOS to degrade, transform, or accumulate environmental pollutants

A

BIODEGRADATION

Microbiology (14 decks)

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