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Pathology Summaries > MICRO: Zoonoses and tropical diseases > Flashcards

MICRO: Zoonoses and tropical diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What does cyst + calcification on brain CT suggest?

A

Taenia solium cystocercosis

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2
Q

What 2 tapeworms can cause intestinal infection in humans?

A

T. solium

T. saginata

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3
Q

Can vegetarians get pork tapeworm?

A

Not if they don’t eat measly pork infected with it BUT they can get cysticercosis as this is spread from faeces of other humans where there are eggs

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4
Q

What sites for cysticercosis affect?

A

All - including heart and muscle

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5
Q

What is happening if you are getting symptoms with cysticercosis?

A

Cyst degeneration –> eosinophilic influx

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6
Q

Name 2 cestocidal drugs.

A

Albendazole

Praziquantel

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7
Q

What do RBCs look like in falciparum malaria?

A

Like there are “headphones” inside the cell - 2 parasites

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8
Q

20% parasitaemia, what is the treatment?

A

IV artesunate

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9
Q

Name 3 malaria prophylaxis tx.

A

Docycyline. malorone, mefloquine

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10
Q

What metabolic abnormality in malaria?

A

Metabolic acidosis

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11
Q

What does 1 schizont indicate?

A

Even 1 is severe disease - multiple parasites in 1 RBC

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12
Q

What % parasitaemia is used for tx in UK?

A

2%

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13
Q

Which stains for malaria?

A

Giemsa and Fields

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14
Q

How many thick and thin blood smears for malaria?

A

3

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15
Q

What is the tx for mild-mod falciparum malaria?

A

Riamet (artemether-lumefantrine) OR malarone

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16
Q

What is the tx for all non-falciparum malaria?

A

Chloroquine + primaquine (check G6PD)

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17
Q

What does ACT consist of?

A

Artemisin combination therapy:
Riamet - artemisin&lumefantrine
Quinine TDS
Doxycycline 1 week

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18
Q

What is a side effect of IV quinine vs artesunate?

A

Artesunate side effects: delayed haemolysis

Quinine side effects: cinchonism, arrhythmias, hyperinsulinaemia

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19
Q

SE Asia traveller, retro-orbital headache, arthralgia, conjunctival injection + thrombocytopenia, leukopenia + erythrodermic rash = ?

A

Dengue

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20
Q

Dengue vector?

A

Aedes mosquito, flavivirus (Aedes aegypti is usually urban)

21
Q

What FBC findings mean high risk dengue?

A

High Hct, low platelets

22
Q

What is the dengue prophylaxis?

A

DEET + long sleeves

in endemic areas: dengvaxia vaccine, mosquito control etc

23
Q

What diagnostic is preferred for dengue?

A

PCR (abs can cross react with those for JE and YF)

24
Q

Himalayan peaks fever = ?

A

Typhoid sphygmothermic dissociation

25
Q

Complications of typhoids?

A

GI bleed/perforation

Encephalopathy

26
Q

What is the treatment for typhoid?

A

Ceftriaxone empirical then azithromycin 7 days

27
Q

Curved gram -ve rod in kittens?

A

Bartonella henselae

28
Q

Two diseases caused by Bartonella?

A 
Cat scratch fever (immunocompetent)-> self limiting
Bacillary angiomatosis (immunocompromised) -> fatal
29
Q

Name 2 main abx used for Bartonella.

A

Erythromycin, doxycycline (+ rifampicin in BA)

30
Q

What dye is used for toxoplasma?

A

Sabin Feldman Dye test - blue if no anti-toxo antibodies

31
Q

What is the tx of a mother with toxo?

A

Spiramycin 3 weeks - prevents vertical transmission

32
Q

What is the tx of an infant with toxo?

A

Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine for 1 YEAR

33
Q

What localised infections can brucella cause?

A

Orchitis
Abscess e.g. psoas
Back pain

34
Q

What medium is Brucella grown in?

A

Castaneda medium

35
Q

What is the tx for Brucella?

A

Doxycycline + gentamycin/rifampicin for 6 weeks

36
Q

What is a common source of Coxiella burnetti?

A

Goats

37
Q

Does coxiella spread between people?

A

Usually not(?)

38
Q

What causes rabies?

A

LYSSA virus

39
Q

What causes rat bite fever?

A

Sterptobacillus monoliformis OR spirillum minus

40
Q

Zoonotic infection causing polyarthralgia progressing to purpuric rash = ?

A

rat bite fever

41
Q

What tx for rat bite fever?

A

Penicillin

42
Q

Bayou virus?

A

Rice rat

43
Q

Black canal virus?

A

Cotton rat

44
Q

Sin Nombre virus?

A

Deer mouse and white-footed mouse

45
Q

Name 2 bat viruses causing VHF.

A

Ebola and Marburg

46
Q

Name a rat virus causing VHF.

A

Lassa virus

47
Q

Name a tick virus causing VHF.

A

Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever

48
Q

Most important first investigation in brucella?

A

Blood culture

Pathology Summaries (23 decks)

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