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Pathology Summaries > HAEM: Venous thrombosis > Flashcards

HAEM: Venous thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

Is thrombomodulin and EPCR pro or anticoagulant ?

A

Anti - both found in the vessel wall

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2
Q

Is TFPI pro or anticoagulant?

A

Anti

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3
Q

What is the cofactor that acts with antithrombin?

A

Heparan

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4
Q

Name 2 antiplatelet factors released by the vessel wall.

A

Prostacyclin, NO

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5
Q

How are neutrophils immunothrombotic?

A

DNA extracellular traps + enzymes…

capture vWF, break down TFPI and provide surface for coagulation.

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6
Q

Which inherited thrombophilia has the highest risk of thrombosis?

A

Antithrombin deficiency

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7
Q

What are the two MOAs of DOACs?

A

AntiXa - apixaban, rivaroxaban

Anti-IIa (thrombin) - dabigatran

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8
Q

What is the MOA of heparin?

A

Increases antithrombin activity

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9
Q

What is the long term complication with heparins?

A

Osteoporosis

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10
Q

What is the target INR of 2.5 used for?

A 
DVT/PE treatment 
AF
Cardioversion 
Dilated cardiomyopathy 
Mitral stenosis/regurg 
MI
Bioprosthetic heart valves - esp with previous left atrial thrombus

https://bnf.nice.org.uk/treatment-summaries/oral-anticoagulants/

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11
Q

What is an INR target of 3.5 used for?

A

Recurrent DVT/PE

Mechanical prosthetic valves

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12
Q

What is the warfarin antagonist?

A

Phytomenadione (vitamin K1)
OR Dried prothrombin complex*

*has vitK-dependant factors only

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13
Q

What is the management of INR >8 without bleeding?

A

Vit K1, repeated if necessary

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14
Q

What is the management of INR 5-8 without bleeding?

A

Skin 2 warfarin doses and reduce maintenance dose

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15
Q

What is the management of high INR with major/minor bleeding?

A

Minor - vit K1 and repeat if necessary

Major - vit K1 and dried prothrombin complex

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16
Q

Name a LMWH.

A

Enoxaparin

17
Q

What two factors must be considered in a VTE risk assessment?

A

Patient and procedural

18
Q

What type of bleeding do DOACs most reduce compared to warfarin?

A

Intracranial

19
Q

If risk of VTE from COCP is x5 and FVL is x7, what is the risk with both?

A

Multiplicative ie. 35

20
Q

Which type of heparin is IV?

A

Unfractionated

21
Q

What is the MOA of warfarin?

A

Prevents vit K recycling

22
Q

Why can’t wafarin be used for VTE?

A

Delayed action

23
Q

Which anticoagulants are reduced with warfarin use?

A

Protein S and C

24
Q

What is the half life or warfarin vs heparin vs DOACs?

A

2-3days vs 1-6hrs vs 8-10hrs

25
Q

Do proximal or distal DVTs have higher rates of recurrence?

Pathology Summaries (23 decks)

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