methods of psychotherapy Flashcards
what is cognitive behaviour therpay
short term psychological treatment for mental disorders that focuses on the links between peoples thoughts, emotions and behaviours and the way in which those links give rise to maintain the disorder
what is the structure of CBT as a whole
CBT involves highly structured sessions for a short period of time, 8-15 sessions, and is very active involving homework for the patient and co-operative planning on actions undertaken outside the sessions
what are the 4 techniques of CBT
graded exposure, exposure and response prevention, behaviour experiments, evidence for and against
graded exposure is what
this aims to directly target the avoidance behaviour that is maintaining the fear.
it uses specific steps on a graded scale to expose the patient to the thing and the patient ranks these steps from easiest to hardest. collaboratively a beginning step is decided on and plan is formulated on how the person will expose themselves to each step until it becomes easy and does not provoke feeling of anxiety. the actions and steps are completed outside of session hours
what is exposure and response prevention
this is good for things like OCD.
this is where the person will be exposed to an object or situation that provokes a strong sense of anxiety and we then inhibit them from performing this compensatory behaviour, demonstrating to them that this feared situation will not occur even without the compensatory behaviours.
whats behavioural experiments
get the client to rate how strongly they believe something to be true or to happen and then design an experiment to test this.
these experiments can be observational - observing outcomes of a situation or active - going and doing something and observing the outcomes.
get them to anticipate problems they may encounter during the experimentation and help design ways to cope.
how does evidence for and against work
get the person to first write down evidence for a belief they have and why they believe it to be true or believe it to be the case.
then get them to write down reasons why they believe this to not necessarily be the case. then discuss them
when doing evidence for and against why do we do for first always
doing evidence for makes the person feel more validated in what they believe at the current time. doing evidence against first may prompt the person to feel attacked as they are just being told to think about why they are specifically wrong.
