childhood disorders and milestones Flashcards
what is intellectual disability disorder
presence of intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social and practical domains with the following 3 criteria being met.
1: deficits in intellectual functioning - shit like reasoning, problem solving, planning, learning
2: deficits in adaptive functioning that results in failure to meet developmental and social standards for personal independence and social responsibility
3: onset of the defecits occurs during the developmental period
autism spectrum disorder what is it
this is a neurodevelopmental condition that leads to cognitive, social and sensory processing differences that influence a persons understanding of and interaction with the world.
diagnosis criteria for ASD
persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts ( contexts like social emotional reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behavoiurs, relationships)
restricted/ repetitive behaviours, interests or activities.
must cause significant impairment and be present in early childhood
what are the three types of ADHD
inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive, and combined
whats the diagnostic criteria for ADHD
symptoms cause impairment before age 12.
impairment from symptoms in two or more settings
clear evidence of clincially significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning.
6 or more of the symptoms on the list up to age 16. age 17+ 5 or more.
inattentive: Failure to pay attention to details, careless mistakes, difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play, doesn’t listen when spoken to, often loses things, often forgetful, easily distracted by irrevelant stimuli, avoids or dislikes sustained mental effort.
For hyperactivity and impulsivity:
Often fidgets or squirms in seat, leaves seat often, runs around and climbs excessively, unable to do tasks quietly, often talks excessively, interrupts, difficulty waiting turn.
what developmental milestones do we look for in a 6 month old
sitting upright, pass things from one hand to another, babble and coo, recognise self and strangers, learning care and affection for carers, likes to play with caregiver.
whats milestones of 12 month old
stand but have limited mobility, begin to say first words, can grasp at more fine objects, able to gesture and can do trial and error to learn
what are we looking for in an 18 month old
they can throw things, crasp crayon and make scribbles, points at specific objects to notify. nervous around unknown people, build tower of some blocks and have it balance, can say like 50 words, can repeat words to learn them
what milestones are we looking for in a 24 month old
jump, draw more structured lines, string two word phrases together, throws tantrums, follow two stage commands, will perform parallel play with others. working on object permanence
what milestones do we look for in a 3 year old
ride a trike, draw cricles crosses and shapes, knows name, age and gender, dress self and play make believe. ask short questions
what milestones do we look for in a 4 year old
they can hop, colour and paint more neatly in the lines of things, form complete sentences and ask questions, have friendships and play with them, they can begin to count.
what milestones do we look for in a 5 year old
skipping, tie their own shoes, make jokes, play make believe with groups, knows the difference between fantasy and reality.
what are the three domains of ASD
social, communication, and repetitive restrictive behaviours.
another important area is social-emotional reciprocity
