Metals Flashcards
Transition metals can be hammered or…
bent into useful shapes.
The strength of transition metals makes them useful…
building materials.
Copper
- can be bent but still hard enough for plumbers to use
- it does not react with water
- conduct electricity and heat very well
Uses of copper
- pipes that will carry water
- wires that will conduct electricity
Copper alloy
- brass
- bronze
Bronze
- Made by mixing copper with tin
- Used to make ship’s propellers, since it is tough and resistant to corrosion
Brass
- copper and zinc
- much harder than copper
- can be pressed into complex shapes
- used to make musical instruments such as trumpets
Aluminium
- low density for metal
- over 300 alloys of aluminium
- light-weight but strong
- to build aircraft
- other as an armour plating on tanks
Gold alloys
- gold is alloyed with copper to make jewellery
- pure gold wears away more easily
- changing the proportion of two metals, different shades can be made
Copper, aluminium and gold are alloyed with other metals to…
make them harder.
Why can metals be shaped?
The layers of atoms in metals are able to slide over each other.
Iron is extracted using
blast furnace.
Oxidation
Is a gain of oxygen.
Reduction
Is a loss of oxygen.
Impurities in iron are from…
carbon and it makes the iron brittle, however, still hard.
Cast iron
Iron coming directly from the blast furnace (around 96 percent pure). Used:
- engines
- wood-burning stoves
- manhole covers on the road
Pure iron is…
too soft for most uses.
Steel
An alloy of iron and carbon, sometimes some other element.
Low carbon steel
-easily shaped
High carbon steel
-very hard
Stainless steel
Contain high percentage of chromium and nickel.
-resistant to corrosion
