Displacement and Extraction of metals

Question 1

Oxidation

Answer 1

Lots of common metals, like iron and aluminium, react with oxygen to form oxides. It is a loss of electrons and gain of oxygen.

Question 2

Reduction with carbon

Answer 2

Some metals can be extracted from their ores chemically by reduction using carbon. The ore is reduced as oxygen is removed from it and carbon gains oxygen so is oxidised.

Question 3

Metals higher than carbon….

Answer 3

in the reactivity series have to be extracted using electrolysis, which is expensive. E.g. Aluminium

Question 4

Reduction

Answer 4

Is a gain of electrons and lose of oxygen. Reduction and oxidation happen at the same time. Redox Reaction

Question 5

Displacement

Answer 5

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from an aqueous solution of one of its salts.

Question 6

Oxidised

Answer 6

Electrons are lost.

Question 7

Unreactive metals such as…

Answer 7

gold is found in the Earth as the metal itself, but most of the metals are found as compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metal.

Question 8

Metals less reactive than carbon…

Answer 8

can be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon.

Question 9

Raw materials used in the blast furnace

Answer 9

• iron ore
• coke (cheap form of carbon made of coal)
• air
• limestone (to remove impurities)

Question 10

How limestone in blast furnace remove impurities?

Answer 10

By reacting with them and form slag.

Question 11

Reaction in a blast furnace

Answer 11

• carbon + oxygen = carbon dioxide
• carbon dioxide + carbon = carbon monoxide
• iron oxide + carbon monoxide = iron + carbon dioxide

Question 12

Metal ore

Answer 12

When there is enough metal in a rock to make it worth extracting the metal.

Question 13

The reactivity series help us decide…

Answer 13

the best way to extract a metal from its ore.