Metabolism Ch.6

Question 1

Cyanobacteria(autotroph/heterotroph)

Answer 1

Photoautotroph

Question 2

Methyl red test maintains a red colored solution if a species can

Answer 2

Ferment glucose to acid end-products

Question 3

Uses nitrate(NO3-) with which electrons combine to form nitrite(NO2-) for anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

Facultative species: E.coli

Question 5

Use carbonate(CO3) as a final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration and,with hydrogen nuclei, form large amounts of methane gas

Answer 5

The obligate anaerobes Methanobacterium and Methanococcus

Question 6

Uses sulfate (SO4 2-) for anaerobic respiration where the sulfate combines with the electrons from the cytochrome chain and changes to hydrogen sulfide(H2S)

Answer 6

Desulfovibrio

Question 7

Organisms that synthesize their own foods from simple carbon sources

Answer 7

Autotrophs

Question 8

Alcohol produced in alcoholic fermentation to make alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine is produced by

Answer 8

Saccharomyces

Question 9

The acid that curdles fresh milk to make buttermilk or yogurt results from

Answer 9

Lactic acid fermentation done by S.lactis

Question 10

Acetic acid used for vinegar and pickle formation is due to the acetic acid from fermentation done by

Answer 10

Propionibacterium

Question 11

Bacteria that undergo oxygenic photosynthesis where O2 gas is a by-product of the process & have chlorophyll or chlorophyll-like pigments

Answer 11

Cyanobacteria

Question 12

Butyric acid used in butter in addition to acetone and butanol used as industrial solvents are the result of fermentation done by

Answer 12

Clostridium

Question 14

Pyruvate is converted to ethyl alcohol (ethanol) by

Answer 14

Saccharomyces (a eukaryote)

Question 15

Chemoheterotrophs that feed on living organic matter such as human tissues

Answer 15

Parasites

Question 18

Bacteria that undergo anoxygenic photosynthesis using inorganic or organic substances ex. H2S as a source of electrons and H+ ions & have chlorophyll-like pigments known as bacteriochlorophylls

Answer 18

Green and purple bacteria

Question 19

Organisms that use chemical compounds as carbon source

Answer 19

Heterotrophs

Question 21

Autotrophs that use inorganic compounds as energy source

Answer 21

Chemoautotrophs

Question 23

Nitrosomonas(autotroph/heterotroph)

Answer 23

Chemoautotrophs that convert ammonium ions (NH4+) into nitrite ions(NO2-) under anaerobic conditions thereby obtaining ATP

Question 25

Chemoautotrophs that feed exclusively on dead organic matter

Answer 25

Saprobes

Question 27

Heterotrophs that use light as their energy source

Answer 27

Photoheterotrophs

Question 27

Hydrolyses the bond between NAG & NAM in the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria

Answer 27

Lysozyme in tears and saliva

Question 28

Heterotrophs that use organic compounds as their energy source

Answer 28

Chemoheterotrophs

Question 28

Inactivate enzymes and precipitate proteins thereby becoming effective antiseptics or disinfectants

Answer 28

Alcohols & phenols

Question 29

Natural chemical that interfere with enzyme actions

Answer 29

Penicillin

Question 30

Swiss cheese develops its flavor from the propionic acid produced during fermentation done by

Answer 30

Propionibacterium

Question 30

Natural chemical that interferes with a cell’s ability to carry out a critical enzyme reaction

Answer 30

Sulfa drugs

Question 31

Autotrophs that use light as the energy source

Answer 31

Photoaurotrophs

Question 31

In bacterial and archeal cells, the ATP is formed on

Answer 31

The cell membrane

Question 32

Binary fission, flagellar motion, active transport, and spore formation require

Answer 32

ATP

Question 33

Glycolysis occurs in the

Answer 33

Cytosol of microorganisms

Question 34

Voges-Proskauer test produces a brownish-red colored solution if a species

Answer 34

Forms neutral end-products from the acids produced through glucose fermentation

Question 34

The net yield of glycolysis is

Answer 34

2ATPs and 2NADHs

Question 35

The citric acid cycle occurs in the

Answer 35

Cell membrane of microorganisms

Question 36

Net yield of citric acid cycle

Answer 36

6 NADHs, 2FADH 2, 2ATP

Question 37

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place at

Answer 37

The cell membrane in microorganisms

Question 38

Damage to the bacterial cell membrane with antibiotics or detergent disinfectants is harmful because

Answer 38

Chemiosmosis cannot take place, ATP synthesis ceases, and the organism rapidly dies.

Question 39

Nitrobacter(autotroph/heterotroph)

Answer 39

Chemoautotrophs that convert the nitrite ion(NO2-) into nitrate ion(NO3-) thereby generating ATP

Question 39

Amount of ATP produced in aerobic respiration

Answer 39

38 ATPs

Question 40

Amount of ATPs produced in anaerobic respiration is

Answer 40

Less than that produced in aerobic respiration depending on the organism and where in the respiratory pathway intermediates enter.

Question 41

Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid by

Answer 41

Streptococcus lactis

Question 41

In anaeobic respiration, citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are —–, but i relies on—–.

Answer 41

Not shut down/electron acceptors other than oxygen for ATP production

Question 42

In fermentation, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are

Answer 42

Shut down.

Question 43

Green non-sulfur and purple non-sulfur bacteria(autotrophs/heterotrophs)

Answer 43

Photoheterotrophs

Question 43

Net yield of fermentation:

Answer 43

2 ATPs and fermentation end products

Question 44

Photosynthesis takes place in special thylakoid membranes, which contain chlorophyll or chlorophyll-like pigments in

Answer 44

Cyanobaceria