Metabolism Flashcards
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life.
True or False: Metabolism consists of only catabolic reactions.
False
What are the two main types of metabolic pathways?
Catabolic and anabolic pathways.
Fill in the blank: Catabolic pathways are involved in the ________ of complex molecules.
breakdown
What is an anabolic pathway?
An anabolic pathway is a metabolic pathway that constructs molecules from smaller units, requiring energy.
Which molecule is commonly known as the energy currency of the cell?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
True or False: Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering the activation energy.
True
What role do enzymes play in metabolism?
Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions involved in metabolism.
What is the primary function of the citric acid cycle?
To generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis? A) ATP B) NADH C) Oxygen D) Pyruvate
C) Oxygen
What is the process of converting glucose to pyruvate called?
Glycolysis
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the site of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells.
mitochondria
True or False: Photosynthesis is part of the anabolic metabolism.
True
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?
To convert solar energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
Multiple Choice: Which molecule is a byproduct of cellular respiration? A) Glucose B) Water C) Oxygen D) Carbon Dioxide
B) Water
What is the function of coenzymes in metabolic reactions?
Coenzymes assist enzymes by carrying chemical groups or electrons.
Fill in the blank: The ________ pathway is a series of reactions that produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
gluconeogenesis
What is the main energy source for cells?
Glucose
True or False: Lipids can be broken down to produce ATP.
True
What is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway?
To generate NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis.
What is metabolism’s relationship with homeostasis?
Metabolism helps maintain homeostasis by regulating energy balance and nutrient levels.
Multiple Choice: Which hormone increases blood glucose levels? A) Insulin B) Glucagon C) Somatostatin D) Cortisol
B) Glucagon
What is the term for the total amount of energy used by an organism in a given time period?
Metabolic rate
Fill in the blank: The ________ cycle is a series of enzymatic reactions that oxidizes acetyl-CoA to produce energy.
Krebs
