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Pharmacology - NCLEX > Mental Health Medications (96) > Flashcards

Mental Health Medications (96) Flashcards

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1
Q

ZOLPIDEM: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Dosage may need to be reduced in patient using a CNS depressant, to avoid an addictive effect
  • Side effects increase with prolonged usage
  • May cause “sleep driving”
  • May worsen depression
  • Monitor for suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • Rx C-IV; Preg Cat B
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2
Q

ZOLPIDEM: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • “Drugged” feeling
  • Abnormal thinking
  • Leukopenia
  • Myalgia
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3
Q

ZOLPIDEM: Purpose

A

Short-term treatment of insomnia

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4
Q

ZALEPLON: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Elderly patients generally benefit the most
  • Because of rapid onset, patients should take immediately before bedtime
  • Avoid alcohol while using this medication
  • May be habit-forming
  • “Sleep driving” may occur
  • Rx C-IV; Preg Cat C
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5
Q

ZALEPLON: Side Effects

A
  • Headache, tremors
  • Myalgia
  • Dizziness, confusion
  • Bronchitis
  • Dyspepsia, dry mouth
  • Eye pain, vision change
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6
Q

ZALEPLON: Purpose

A

Short-term treatment of insomnia

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7
Q

TEMAZEPAM: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Should be avoided in patients under the age of 18
  • Avoid alcohol while taking this drug
  • Not intended for use for more than 10 days
  • Take without regard to food
  • Increases the effect of CNS depressants
  • “Sleep driving” may occur, especially if taken with alcohol or CNS depressants
  • Rx C-IV; Preg Cat X
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8
Q

TEMAZEPAM: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness, headache
  • Lethargy, fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Euphoria
  • Chest pain, hypotension
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea, vomiting, anorexia
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9
Q

TEMAZEPAM: Purpose

A

Short-term treatment of insomnia

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10
Q

LITHIUM: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • Check serum levels twice weekly during treatment, q 2–3 months on maintenance; draw blood in a.m. prior to dose
  • Target serum levels: treatment = 0.5 to 1.5 mEq/L, maintenance = 0.6–1.2 mEq/L
  • Take with meals to avoid GI upset
  • Onset of therapeutic effects in 1–2 weeks
  • Dose reduced during depressive stages of illness
  • Encourage 10–12 glasses water/day and adequate salt intake (6–10 g/day)
  • Rx; Preg Cat D
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11
Q

LITHIUM: Side Effects

A
  • Signs of toxicity: vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, muscular weakness, ataxia
  • Dizziness, headache
  • Impaired vision
  • Fine hand tremors
  • Reversible leukocytosis
  • Dry mouth, anorexia
  • Hypotension
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Polyuria, proteinuria
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypo/hyperthyroidism
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12
Q

LITHIUM: Purpose

A

Management of manic phase in bipolar disorder, prevention of bipolar manic-depressive psychosis

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13
Q

CARBAMAZEPINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take with food or milk to decrease GI upset; nonextended-release tablets may be crushed, extended-release capsules may be opened and mixed with juice or soft food
  • Avoid activities requiring alertness for the first 3 days
  • Urine may turn pink to brown
  • Avoid abrupt withdrawal; discontinue gradually
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Monitor for suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • Patient should wear medical information tag
  • Rx; Preg Cat D
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14
Q

CARBAMAZEPINE: Side Effects

A
  • Myelosuppression
  • Dizziness, drowsiness
  • Hepatitis
  • Diplopia, rash
  • Renal failure
  • Photosensitivity
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Impotence
  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Osteoporosis
  • Hypocholesterolemia
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15
Q

CARBAMAZEPINE: Purpose

A

Management of seizures, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder

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16
Q

METHYLPHENIDATE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Concerta is time-released and should be swallowed whole, not chewed
  • Dosage is adjusted in 18-mg increments to a maximum of 54 mg/day
  • Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and OTC preparations
  • Do not stop abruptly; taper over several weeks
  • Monitor for adverse psychiatric symptoms
  • Rx C-II
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17
Q

METHYLPHENIDATE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Fever, arthralgia
  • Visual disturbance
  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea, anorexia
  • Insomnia
  • Restlessness
  • Urticaria, rash
  • Leukopenia
  • Growth retardation
18
Q

METHYLPHENIDATE: Purpose

A

Treatment of ADD/ADHD in children over 6 years old, treatment of narcolepsy

19
Q

AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take in the morning
  • High potential for abuse
  • Rx C-II
20
Q

AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Weight loss
  • Abdominal pain
  • Mood changes
  • Tachycardia
  • Insomnia
  • Dry mouth
21
Q

AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Purpose

A

Treatment benign prostatic hyperplasia

22
Q

ARIPIPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • IM: inject deep, slowly into muscle mass; peak 1–3 hours
  • PO: can take without regard to food; peak 3–5 hours
  • Monitor for suicidal ideation
  • Do not stop abruptly
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
23
Q

ARIPIPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
  • Anxiety
  • Cough
  • Weight gain
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Musculoskeletal pain
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Chest pain
  • Blurred vision
  • Rash
24
Q

ARIPIPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder

25
Q

ZIPRASIDONE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
  • Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
  • Check before taking OTC meds
  • May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
26
Q

ZIPRASIDONE: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Diarrhea
  • Abnormal vision
  • Vomiting, anorexia
  • Headache
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Heart failure
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Impotence
  • Decreased bone density
  • Rhinitis, dyspnea
27
Q

ZIPRASIDONE: Purpose

A

Treatment of schizophrenia, acute agitation, acute psychosis, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression

28
Q

QUETIAPINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
  • Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
  • Avoid OTC meds unless approved by provider
  • May increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
29
Q

QUETIAPINE: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Nausea, anorexia
  • Dry mouth
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Agranulocytosis
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Hyperglycemia
  • SIADH
  • Hyponatremia
  • Back pain
30
Q

QUETIAPINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia

31
Q

RISPERIDONE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
  • Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
  • Avoid OTC meds unless approved by provider
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
32
Q

RISPERIDONE: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Headache, insomnia
  • Constipation
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Heart failure
  • Neutropenia
  • URI
33
Q

RISPERIDONE: Purpose

A

Treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism

34
Q

OLANZAPINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Avoid changing positions rapidly
  • Dosage should be managed tightly when established
  • Use caution when operating equipment
  • Avoid OTC preparations unless approved by provider
  • May cause neuroleptic syndrome
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
35
Q

OLANZAPINE: Side Effects

A
  • Hostility
  • Dizziness
  • Rhinitis
  • Cough, pharyngitis
  • Nervousness
  • Joint pain
  • Dry mouth
  • Headache
  • Urinary retention
  • Insomnia
  • Increased appetite and weight gain
  • Fatigue
  • Impotence
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Heart failure
  • Hypo/hyperglycemia
  • Neutropenia
  • Orthostatic hypotension
36
Q

OLANZAPINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of schizophrenia and manic episodes in bipolar disorder

37
Q

HALOPERIDOL: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO concentrate: dilute with water, not coffee or tea
  • PO: take with food or full glass of water/milk
  • IM: inject slowly, deep into large muscle; have patient lie down for 30 minutes; do not give IV
  • Avoid abrupt withdrawal; discontinue gradually
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
  • Wear protective clothing, sunglasses due to photosensitivity
  • May cause neuroleptic malignant or serotonin syndrome
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
38
Q

HALOPERIDOL: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Dyspnea
  • Urinary retention
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypotension
  • Confusion
  • Rash
  • Impotence
  • Photosensitivity
  • Hepatitis
  • Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
39
Q

HALOPERIDOL: Purpose

A

Treatment of Tourette syndrome and schizophrenia, emergency sedation of severely agitated or delirious patients

40
Q

VENLAFAXINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take with food; extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole
  • Taper dose before stopping if taken over 6 weeks
  • Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants for up to 1 week after end of therapy
  • Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
  • May increase risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
41
Q

VENLAFAXINE: Side effects…pendiente

A
42
Q

VENLAFAXINE: Purpose…pendiente

A

Pharmacology - NCLEX (20 decks)

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