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Pharmacology - NCLEX > Gastrointestinal Medications (69) > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Medications (69) Flashcards

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1
Q

PANCRELIPASE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take with 8 oz water and food, swallow right away, sit up when taking
  • Do not use if sensitive or allergy to pork
  • Stools will be foul-smelling and frothy
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
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2
Q

PANCRELIPASE: Side Effects

A
  • Abdominal pain (high doses only)
  • Nausea, diarrhea
  • Stomach cramps
  • Abnormal feces
  • Fatigue
  • Hypo/hyperglycemia
  • Hyperuricemia
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3
Q

PANCRELIPASE: Purpose

A

Treatment of exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency and pancreatic enzyme deficiency, digestive aid for cystic fibrosis

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4
Q

**LACTULOSE: **Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: take with water or fruit juice to counteract sweet taste
  • Use with caution in diabetics
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
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5
Q

LACTULOSE: Side Effects

A
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Abdominal cramps, distention
  • Hypernatremia
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6
Q

LACTULOSE: Purpose

A

Relief of chronic constipation, prevention and treatment of portal-systemic encephalopathy

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7
Q

PHENTERMINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO, hydrochloride form: duration 4 hours
  • PO, resin complex form: duration 12–14 hours
  • Take 30 minutes before meals or as a single dose before breakfast or 10–14 hours before bedtime
  • Avoid activities requiring alertness until response is known
  • Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
  • Contact provider if chest pain, decreased exercise tolerance, fainting, or lower extremity swelling
  • Monitor weight 3 times per week
  • Rx C-IV
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8
Q

PHENTERMINE: Side Effects

A
  • CNS stimulation
  • Hyper/hypotension
  • Impotence
  • Palpitations
  • Drowsiness, nervousness
  • Dry mouth, altered taste
  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Rash, urticaria
  • Shortness of breath
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9
Q

PHENTERMINE: Purpose

A

Short-term appetite suppression

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10
Q

SULFASALAZINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: take with food to decrease GI upset
  • Encourage fluids to decrease crystallization in kidneys
  • May stain contact lenses, urine, and skin yellow
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
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11
Q

SULFASALAZINE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache, confusion
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Rashes
  • Fever
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Renal failure
  • Photosensitivity
  • Leukopenia
  • Rash, urticaria
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12
Q

SULFASALAZINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis

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13
Q

SUCRALFATE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime with full glass of water
  • Do not chew or crush tablets
  • Do not use antacids within 30 minutes of med
  • Encourage 8–10 glasses of fluid per day
  • Avoid smoking
  • Not to be used for longer than 8 weeks
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
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14
Q

SUCRALFATE: Side Effects

A
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness, dizziness
  • Dry mouth
  • Rash, urticaria
  • Hyperglycemia
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15
Q

SUCRALFATE: Purpose

A

Treatment of duodenal ulcers

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16
Q

RABEPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take without regard to food
  • Swallow tablets whole; do not crush, chew, or split tablets
  • Avoid alcohol, NSAIDs, and ASA; may increase gastric upset
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency may occur with long-term therapy
  • Report severe diarrhea or black stools immediately
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
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17
Q

RABEPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Constipation, flatulence
  • Rash
  • Back pain
  • URI, proteinuria
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Chest pain, tachycardia
  • Diarrhea
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • URI, cough
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18
Q

RABEPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of GERD and ulcers

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19
Q

PANTOPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take without regard to food
  • Notify provider if black tarry stools, severe abdominal pain, or diarrhea
  • Avoid alcohol, salicylates, NSAIDs
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency may occur with long-term therapy
  • Rx
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20
Q

PANTOPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
  • Fatigue
  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea
  • Pancreatitis
  • Rash
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Weight changes
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Muscle pain
  • Hyperglycemia
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21
Q

PANTOPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of GERD and ulcers

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22
Q

MISOPROSTOL: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take with meals and at bedtime
  • Avoid taking magnesium antacids within 2 hours
  • Notify provider if black, tarry stools, severe abdominal pain, or diarrhea
  • Rx; Preg Cat X
23
Q

MISOPROSTOL: Side Effects

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea
  • Miscarriage
  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Menstrual disorders
24
Q

MISOPROSTOL: Purpose

A

Prevention of gastric ulcers during NSAID therapy

25
Q

LANSOPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: take 30 minutes before meals; capsules may be opened and sprinkled on food and swallowed immediately
  • Can use with antacids
  • Report severe diarrhea
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
26
Q

LANSOPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Constipation
  • Abdominal pain
  • Headache
  • Impotence
  • Kidney stones
  • Hematuria
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Altered hepatic lab values
27
Q

LANSOPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of GERD, ulcers, and erosive esophagitis

28
Q

FAMOTIDINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: onset 60 minutes, peak 1–3 hours, duration 6–12 hours
  • IV: onset 60 minutes, peak 1–4 hours, duration 12 hours
  • OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
29
Q

FAMOTIDINE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Hepatitis
  • Dizziness
  • Constipation
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Taste changes
  • Arthralgia
  • Nausea, vomiting
30
Q

FAMOTIDINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of ulcers, GERD, and heartburn

31
Q

CIMETIDINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Reduces gastric acid secretions by 50–80%
  • May be taken without regard to meals
  • Avoid antacids 1 hour before or after dose
  • Do not use OTC medications
  • OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
32
Q

CIMETIDINE: Side effects

A
33
Q

CIMETIDINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of ulcers and GERD, prevention of upper GI bleeding

34
Q

OMEPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take 30 minutes before eating
  • May be taken at the same time as antacids
  • Avoid activities requiring alertness
  • OTC, Rx; Preg Cat C
35
Q

OMEPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Flatulence
  • Hepatic failure
  • Rash, urticaria
  • Back pain
  • URI, cough
  • Electrolyte imbalances
  • Hypoglycemia
36
Q

OMEPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of GERD, severe erosive esophagitis, and active duodenal ulcers

37
Q

ESOMEPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take at least 60 minutes before meals
  • Swallow capsules whole; do not chew
  • May be taken in conjunction with antacids
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
38
Q

ESOMEPRAZOLE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Flatulence
  • Dry mouth
  • Hepatic failure
  • Rash
  • Cough
  • Heart failure
  • Hypoglycemia
39
Q

ESOMEPRAZOLE: Purpose

A

Treatment of GERD and severe erosive esophagitis

40
Q

SIMETHICONE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take after meals, at bedtime
  • Shake suspension well before pouring
  • Tablets must be chewed
  • OTC, Rx; Preg Cat C
41
Q

SIMETHICONE: Side Effects

A
  • Belching
  • Rectal flatus
42
Q

SIMETHICONE: Purpose

A

Reduction of pressure and bloating caused by gas in digestive tract

43
Q

PROMETHAZINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • PO: onset 20 minutes, duration 4–12 hours
  • Take 30–60 minutes before traveling
  • Avoid activities requiring alertness
  • Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
  • May cause severe chemical irritation and damage to tissue when used IV
  • May lower seizure threshold
  • May cause false results in pregnancy testing
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
44
Q

PROMETHAZINE: Side Effects

A
  • Drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Constipation
  • Urinary retention
  • Dry mouth
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Photosensitivity
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Hypo/hypertension
  • Blurred vision
  • Thrombocytopenia
45
Q

PROMETHAZINE: Purpose

A

Management of motion sickness, rhinitis, allergy symptoms, sedation, and nausea; pre- and postoperative sedation

46
Q

PROCHLORPERAZINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Do not crush or break sustained-release capsules
  • IM: inject slowly, deeply into gluteal muscle; keep patient lying down for 30 minutes
  • Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
  • Check CBC and liver functions with prolonged use
  • Risk of increase mortality in elderly patients with dementia; related psychosis
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
47
Q

PROCHLORPERAZINE: Side Effects

A
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Blurred vision
  • Dry mouth
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness, dizziness
  • Photosensitivity
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Cholestatic jaundice
  • Leukopenia
48
Q

PROCHLORPERAZINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of nausea/vomiting and psychotic disorders

49
Q

ONDANSETRON: Nursing Considerations

Headache requiring analgesic is common
Assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
Rx

A
  • Headache requiring analgesic is common
  • Assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Rx
50
Q

ONDANSETRON: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Dizziness, drowsiness
  • GI upset
  • Dry mouth
  • Bronchospasm
  • Rash
51
Q

ONDANSETRON: Purpose

A

Prevention of nausea and vomiting

52
Q

METOCLOPRAMIDE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Prevention of nausea, vomiting induced by chemotherapy, radiation, delayed gastric emptying, GERD
  • Used with tube feeding to decrease residual and risk of aspiration
  • PO: take 30–60 minutes before meals or procedures
  • IV: inject slowly over 1–2 minutes; infuse over 15 minutes
  • Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
  • Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
  • May cause tardive dyskinesia or neuroleptic malignant syndrome when used longer than 3 months
  • May cause depression
  • Rx; Preg Cat B
53
Q

METOCLOPRAMIDE: Side effects…pendiente

A
54
Q

METOCLOPRAMIDE: Purpose…pendiente

A

Pharmacology - NCLEX (20 decks)

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