Gastrointestinal Medications (69) Flashcards
1
Q
PANCRELIPASE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take with 8 oz water and food, swallow right away, sit up when taking
- Do not use if sensitive or allergy to pork
- Stools will be foul-smelling and frothy
- Rx; Preg Cat C
2
Q
PANCRELIPASE: Side Effects
A
- Abdominal pain (high doses only)
- Nausea, diarrhea
- Stomach cramps
- Abnormal feces
- Fatigue
- Hypo/hyperglycemia
- Hyperuricemia
3
Q
PANCRELIPASE: Purpose
A
Treatment of exocrine pancreatic secretion insufficiency and pancreatic enzyme deficiency, digestive aid for cystic fibrosis
4
Q
**LACTULOSE: **Nursing Considerations
A
- PO: take with water or fruit juice to counteract sweet taste
- Use with caution in diabetics
- Rx; Preg Cat B
5
Q
LACTULOSE: Side Effects
A
- Nausea, vomiting
- Abdominal cramps, distention
- Hypernatremia
6
Q
LACTULOSE: Purpose
A
Relief of chronic constipation, prevention and treatment of portal-systemic encephalopathy
7
Q
PHENTERMINE: Nursing Considerations
A
- PO, hydrochloride form: duration 4 hours
- PO, resin complex form: duration 12–14 hours
- Take 30 minutes before meals or as a single dose before breakfast or 10–14 hours before bedtime
- Avoid activities requiring alertness until response is known
- Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
- Contact provider if chest pain, decreased exercise tolerance, fainting, or lower extremity swelling
- Monitor weight 3 times per week
- Rx C-IV
8
Q
PHENTERMINE: Side Effects
A
- CNS stimulation
- Hyper/hypotension
- Impotence
- Palpitations
- Drowsiness, nervousness
- Dry mouth, altered taste
- Bone marrow suppression
- Rash, urticaria
- Shortness of breath
9
Q
PHENTERMINE: Purpose
A
Short-term appetite suppression
10
Q
SULFASALAZINE: Nursing Considerations
A
- PO: take with food to decrease GI upset
- Encourage fluids to decrease crystallization in kidneys
- May stain contact lenses, urine, and skin yellow
- Rx; Preg Cat B
11
Q
SULFASALAZINE: Side Effects
A
- Headache, confusion
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Rashes
- Fever
- Hepatotoxicity
- Renal failure
- Photosensitivity
- Leukopenia
- Rash, urticaria
12
Q
SULFASALAZINE: Purpose
A
Treatment of ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis
13
Q
SUCRALFATE: Nursing Considerations
A
- PO: 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime with full glass of water
- Do not chew or crush tablets
- Do not use antacids within 30 minutes of med
- Encourage 8–10 glasses of fluid per day
- Avoid smoking
- Not to be used for longer than 8 weeks
- Rx; Preg Cat B
14
Q
SUCRALFATE: Side Effects
A
- Constipation
- Drowsiness, dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Rash, urticaria
- Hyperglycemia
15
Q
SUCRALFATE: Purpose
A
Treatment of duodenal ulcers
16
Q
RABEPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take without regard to food
- Swallow tablets whole; do not crush, chew, or split tablets
- Avoid alcohol, NSAIDs, and ASA; may increase gastric upset
- Vitamin B12 deficiency may occur with long-term therapy
- Report severe diarrhea or black stools immediately
- Rx; Preg Cat B
17
Q
RABEPRAZOLE: Side Effects
A
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Constipation, flatulence
- Rash
- Back pain
- URI, proteinuria
- Hypoglycemia
- Chest pain, tachycardia
- Diarrhea
- Thrombocytopenia
- URI, cough
18
Q
RABEPRAZOLE: Purpose
A
Treatment of GERD and ulcers
19
Q
PANTOPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take without regard to food
- Notify provider if black tarry stools, severe abdominal pain, or diarrhea
- Avoid alcohol, salicylates, NSAIDs
- Vitamin B12 deficiency may occur with long-term therapy
- Rx
20
Q
PANTOPRAZOLE: Side Effects
A
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Pancreatitis
- Rash
- Hyperglycemia
- Weight changes
- Hyponatremia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Muscle pain
- Hyperglycemia
21
Q
PANTOPRAZOLE: Purpose
A
Treatment of GERD and ulcers
22
Q
MISOPROSTOL: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take with meals and at bedtime
- Avoid taking magnesium antacids within 2 hours
- Notify provider if black, tarry stools, severe abdominal pain, or diarrhea
- Rx; Preg Cat X
23
Q
MISOPROSTOL: Side Effects
A
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Miscarriage
- Nausea
- Headache
- Menstrual disorders
24
Q
MISOPROSTOL: Purpose
A
Prevention of gastric ulcers during NSAID therapy
25
**LANSOPRAZOLE:** Nursing Considerations
* PO: take 30 minutes before meals; capsules may be opened and sprinkled on food and swallowed immediately
* Can use with antacids
* Report severe diarrhea
* Rx; Preg Cat B
26
**LANSOPRAZOLE:** Side Effects
* Dizziness
* Constipation
* Abdominal pain
* Headache
* Impotence
* Kidney stones
* Hematuria
* Hypoglycemia
* Altered hepatic lab values
27
**LANSOPRAZOLE:** Purpose
Treatment of GERD, ulcers, and erosive esophagitis
28
**FAMOTIDINE:** Nursing Considerations
* PO: onset 60 minutes, peak 1–3 hours, duration 6–12 hours
* IV: onset 60 minutes, peak 1–4 hours, duration 12 hours
* OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
29
**FAMOTIDINE:** Side Effects
* Headache
* Hepatitis
* Dizziness
* Constipation
* Dysrhythmias
* Taste changes
* Arthralgia
* Nausea, vomiting
30
**FAMOTIDINE:** Purpose
Treatment of ulcers, GERD, and heartburn
31
**CIMETIDINE:** Nursing Considerations
* Reduces gastric acid secretions by 50–80%
* May be taken without regard to meals
* Avoid antacids 1 hour before or after dose
* Do not use OTC medications
* OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B
32
**CIMETIDINE:** Side effects
33
**CIMETIDINE:** Purpose
Treatment of ulcers and GERD, prevention of upper GI bleeding
34
**OMEPRAZOLE:** Nursing Considerations
* Take 30 minutes before eating
* May be taken at the same time as antacids
* Avoid activities requiring alertness
* OTC, Rx; Preg Cat C
35
**OMEPRAZOLE:** Side Effects
* Headache, dizziness
* Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
* Flatulence
* Hepatic failure
* Rash, urticaria
* Back pain
* URI, cough
* Electrolyte imbalances
* Hypoglycemia
36
**OMEPRAZOLE:** Purpose
Treatment of GERD, severe erosive esophagitis, and active duodenal ulcers
37
**ESOMEPRAZOLE:** Nursing Considerations
* Take at least 60 minutes before meals
* Swallow capsules whole; do not chew
* May be taken in conjunction with antacids
* Rx; Preg Cat B
38
**ESOMEPRAZOLE:** Side Effects
* Headache, dizziness
* Diarrhea
* Nausea
* Flatulence
* Dry mouth
* Hepatic failure
* Rash
* Cough
* Heart failure
* Hypoglycemia
39
**ESOMEPRAZOLE:** Purpose
Treatment of GERD and severe erosive esophagitis
40
**SIMETHICONE:** Nursing Considerations
* Take after meals, at bedtime
* Shake suspension well before pouring
* Tablets must be chewed
* OTC, Rx; Preg Cat C
41
**SIMETHICONE:** Side Effects
* Belching
* Rectal flatus
42
**SIMETHICONE:** Purpose
Reduction of pressure and bloating caused by gas in digestive tract
43
**PROMETHAZINE:** Nursing Considerations
* PO: onset 20 minutes, duration 4–12 hours
* Take 30–60 minutes before traveling
* Avoid activities requiring alertness
* Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
* May cause severe chemical irritation and damage to tissue when used IV
* May lower seizure threshold
* May cause false results in pregnancy testing
* Rx; Preg Cat C
44
**PROMETHAZINE:** Side Effects
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Constipation
* Urinary retention
* Dry mouth
* Hyperglycemia
* Photosensitivity
* Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* Hypo/hypertension
* Blurred vision
* Thrombocytopenia
45
**PROMETHAZINE:** Purpose
Management of motion sickness, rhinitis, allergy symptoms, sedation, and nausea; pre- and postoperative sedation
46
**PROCHLORPERAZINE:** Nursing Considerations
* Do not crush or break sustained-release capsules
* IM: inject slowly, deeply into gluteal muscle; keep patient lying down for 30 minutes
* Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
* Check CBC and liver functions with prolonged use
* Risk of increase mortality in elderly patients with dementia; related psychosis
* Rx; Preg Cat C
47
**PROCHLORPERAZINE:** Side Effects
* Orthostatic hypotension
* Blurred vision
* Dry mouth
* Constipation
* Drowsiness, dizziness
* Photosensitivity
* Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
* Cholestatic jaundice
* Leukopenia
48
**PROCHLORPERAZINE:** Purpose
Treatment of nausea/vomiting and psychotic disorders
49
**ONDANSETRON:** Nursing Considerations
Headache requiring analgesic is common
Assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
Rx
* Headache requiring analgesic is common
* Assess for extrapyramidal symptoms
* Rx
50
**ONDANSETRON:** Side Effects
* Headache
* Dizziness, drowsiness
* GI upset
* Dry mouth
* Bronchospasm
* Rash
51
**ONDANSETRON:** Purpose
Prevention of nausea and vomiting
52
**METOCLOPRAMIDE:** Nursing Considerations
* Prevention of nausea, vomiting induced by chemotherapy, radiation, delayed gastric emptying, GERD
* Used with tube feeding to decrease residual and risk of aspiration
* PO: take 30–60 minutes before meals or procedures
* IV: inject slowly over 1–2 minutes; infuse over 15 minutes
* Use caution with potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
* May cause tardive dyskinesia or neuroleptic malignant syndrome when used longer than 3 months
* May cause depression
* Rx; Preg Cat B
53
**METOCLOPRAMIDE:** Side effects...pendiente
54
**METOCLOPRAMIDE:** Purpose...pendiente
