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Pharmacology - NCLEX > Neurological Medications (27) > Flashcards

Neurological Medications (27) Flashcards

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1
Q

ZOLMITRIPTAN: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take as soon as symptoms occur
  • Avoid foods high in tyramine (cheese, pickled products), alcohol, large amounts of caffeine
  • May cause serotonin syndrome when used with antidepression medication
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
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2
Q

ZOLMITRIPTAN: Side Effects

A

Weakness, neck stiffness
Tingling, hot sensation, burning, feeling of pressure, tightness
Numbness, dizziness, sedation
Palpitations, chest pain
Abdominal discomfort
Dyspepsia
Dry mouth

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3
Q

ZOLMITRIPTAN: Purpose

acute treatment of migraines

A
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4
Q

SELEGILINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Do not use with tricyclics or opioids; do not use with meperidine
  • Monitor for signs of toxicity: twitching, eye spasms
  • Do not stop abruptly; parkinsonian crisis may occur
  • Avoid foods high in tyramine (cheese, pickled products), alcohol, large amounts of caffeine
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
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5
Q

SELEGILINE: Side Effects

A
  • Dizziness
  • Photosensitivity
  • Nausea, diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Shortness of breath
  • Insomnia
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Sexual dysfunction
  • Diplopia
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6
Q

SELEGILINE: Purpose

A

Management of Parkinson disease in patients being treated with levodopa/carbidopa

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7
Q

MEMANTINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Use with caution in patients with liver, bladder, or renal disease
  • Capsules can be opened and contents sprinkled on applesauce for patients who have difficulty swallowing pills
  • Rx
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8
Q

MEMANTINE: Side Effects

A
  • Headache
  • Constipation
  • Confusion
  • Dizziness
  • Heart failure
  • Hypertension
  • Anemia
  • Back pain
  • Cough, dyspnea
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9
Q

MEMANTINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of moderate to severe dementia in Alzheimer disease

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10
Q

LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • For individuals age 6 years through adult; effects have not been studied in the elderly
  • Interrupt therapy occasionally to determine if there is recurrence of behavioral symptoms sufficient to require continued therapy
  • Children and adolescents: sudden death has been reported in patients with structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems taking CNS stimulant treatment at usual doses
  • Adults: sudden death, stroke, and MI have occurred in adults taking stimulant drugs in ADHD doses
  • Rx C-II
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11
Q

LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE: Side Effects

A
  • Insomnia
  • Irritability, restlessness
  • Decreased appetite
  • Dry mouth
  • Upper abdominal pain
  • Tachycardia, dysrhythmias
  • Blurred vision
  • Diplopia
  • Change in libido
  • Anorexia
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12
Q

LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE: Purpose

A

Treatment of ADHA and binge eating disorder

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13
Q

GALANTAMINE, RIVASTIGMINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Galantamine and rivastigmine are cholinesterase inhibitors, which increase acetylcholine in the brain, potentially reducing symptoms of dementia
  • Drugs do not cure, but stabilize or relieve symptoms
  • Use with caution in patients with liver, bladder, or renal disease
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
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14
Q

GALANTAMINE, RIVASTIGMINE: Side Effects

A
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • URI
  • Anemia
  • Bradycardia
  • Tremors, insomnia
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15
Q

GALANTAMINE, RIVASTIGMINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of dementia in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease

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16
Q

DONEPEZIL: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Drug does not cure, but stabilizes or relieves symptoms
  • Take at regular intervals
  • Take between meals or may be given with meals to decrease GI upset
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
17
Q

DONEPEZIL: Side Effects

A
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Fatigue
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Insomnia
  • Seizures
  • Rash
  • Dark urine/sweat
  • Mental changes
  • Hypo/hypertension
  • GI bleeding
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • UTI URI
18
Q

DONEPEZIL: Purpose

A

Management of dementia in Alzheimer disease

19
Q

CARBIDOPA/LEVODOPA: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take with food; decreased effect with protein
  • Full therapeutic effect may take several months
  • Change positions slowly
  • May cause false positive for urine ketones
  • May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
20
Q

CARBIDOPA/LEVODOPA: Side Effects

A
  • Twitching
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Mental changes: confusion, agitation, mood alterations
  • Dark urine/sweat
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Rash
  • Increased liver function tests
21
Q

CARBIDOPA/LEVODOPA: Purpose

A

Treatment of Parkinson disease and syndrome

22
Q

CAFFEINE/ERGOTAMINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • Take at onset of pain/during prodromal stage to abort headache
  • Lie down in darkened quiet room for several hours
  • Avoid grapefruit juice
  • Do not smoke or use nicotine
  • Rx; Preg Cat X
23
Q

CAFFEINE/ERGOTAMINE: Side Effects

A
  • Nausea
  • Tremors, convulsions
  • Toxic ergotism: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, mental confusion
  • Irregular heart rate
24
Q

CAFFEINE/ERGOTAMINE: Purpose

A

Treatment and prevention of migraines

25
Q

BENZTROPINE: Nursing Considerations

A
  • IM/IV: onset 15 minutes, duration 6–10 hours
  • PO: onset 1 hour, duration 6–10 hours
  • Tablets may be crushed and mixed with food
  • Taper med over a week, or withdrawal symptoms: EPS, tremors, insomnia, tachycardia, restlessness
  • Avoid hazardous activities until stabilized on med
  • Change positions slowly
  • Avoid alcohol, antihistamines unless directed by provider
  • Rx; Preg Cat C
26
Q

BENZTROPINE: Side Effects

A
  • Dry mouth
  • Constipation
  • Weakness
  • Tardive dyskinesia
  • Anxiety, irritability
  • Dizziness, confusion
  • Palpitations
  • Hypotension
  • Photophobia
  • Urinary retention
  • Hyperthermia
27
Q

BENZTROPINE: Purpose

A

Treatment of Parkinson symptoms, EPS associated with neuroleptic drugs, and acute dystonic reactions

Pharmacology - NCLEX (20 decks)

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