Mental Disorders Flashcards
Panic Disorder
Minute-long episodes of intense dread. Physical symptoms: chest pains, choking
Phobia
Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that disrupts behavior
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Haunting memories, nightmares, withdrawal, anxiety, sleep problems
Major Depressive Disorder
Two or more weeks of depressed moods
Dysthymic Disorder
Daily depression lasting two or more years
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Cyclic severe depression and elevated mood
Bipolar Disorder
Alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania
Manic Episode
Hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
Neurotransmitters & Depression
Reduction of norepinephrine and serotonin
Dissociative Amnesia
Psychogenic amnesia; memory loss; often selective loss surrounding traumatic events
Dissociative Fugue
Global amnesia (forgets everything) with identity replacement
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Person exhibits two or more distinct personalities that alternate
Causes of D.I.D.
Severe sexual or physical abuse; biological predisposition
Delusions
False beliefs about self; persecution, paranoia, grandeur, being controlled
Disorganized Thinking
Jumping fron one idea to another even within sentences
Hallucinations
Hearing or seeing things that aren’t there
Schizophrenic Perceptions
Frequently such hallucinations are auditory
Apathy
Inappropriate emotions
Catatonia
Continually rub an arm, rock a chair, or remain motionless for hours
Brain and Chemical Factors
Dopamine overactivity - higher levels of activity
Morphology
Morphological changes in the brain lioe enlargement of fluid-filled ventricles
Personality Disorders
Behavior patterns that impair social functioning; cause a person to deviate from social expectations
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing; Sociopath/Psychopath
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Exaggerate their own importance, aided by success fantasies
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Constant worry about many issues; inability to identify cause. Physical symptoms: headaches, stomach aches, muscle tension, irritability
