Learning

Question 0

Classical Conditioning (Ivan Pavlov)

Answer 0

Organism comes to associate two stimuli

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience

Question 2

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

Answer 2

Unconditionally - automatically and naturally - triggers a response

Question 3

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

Answer 3

Unlearned, naturally occuring response to the unconditioned stimulus

Question 4

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Answer 4

After association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response

Question 5

Conditioned Response (CR)

Answer 5

Learned response to a previously neutral conditioned stimulus

Question 6

Generalization

Answer 6

Tendency to respond to stimuli similar to the CS

Question 7

Discrimination

Answer 7

Learned ability to distinguis between a conditioned stimulus and other stimuli

Question 8

Behaviorism (John B. Watson)

Answer 8

Study of behavior without reference to unobservable mental processes

Question 9

John B. Watson (Little Albert)

Answer 9

Conditioned fear into an infant; Albert generalized his fears into other furry objects

Question 10

Operant Conditioning

Answer 10

Behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement or diminished if followed by punishment

Question 11

Operant Chamber (Skinner Box)

Answer 11

Bar or key that an animal manipulated to obtain a reinforcer like food or water

Question 12

Shaping

Answer 12

Reinforcers guide behavior towards the desired target behavior through successive approximations

Question 13

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 13

Any event that strengthens the behavior

Question 14

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 14

Removal of a punishment or an oversize stimulus; it STRENGTHENS behavior

Question 15

Punishment

Answer 15

Decreases the behavior that it follows

Question 16

Observational Learning (Albert Bandura)

Answer 16

Learning by observing and imitating behaviors

Question 17

Modeling

Answer 17

Observing and imitating a specific behavior

Question 18

Albert Bandura

Answer 18

Hypothesized that children would imitate agressive behavior they observed

Question 19

Social Learning

Answer 19

Children imitate good and neutral behaviors as well as bad ones

Question 20

Modeling Violence

Answer 20

Research shows that viewing media violence leads to an increased expression of agression