Memory

Question 1

Sensory Memory

Answer 1

Initial recording of sensory information

Question 2

Short-Term Memory

Answer 2

Conscious processing of information; 7 +- 2 items; 20-30 seconds

Question 3

Long-Term Memory

Answer 3

Relatively permanent and limitless

Question 4

Encoding

Answer 4

Input of memory

Question 5

Rehearsal

Answer 5

Effortful learning requires rehearsal

Question 6

Mnemonics

Answer 6

Memory aids

Question 7

Method of Loci

Answer 7

Items are mentally associated with specific physical locations

Question 8

Chunking

Answer 8

Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; acronyms are a type of chunking

Question 9

Hierarchy

Answer 9

Broad concepts are subdivided into categories

Question 10

Explicit Memory

Answer 10

Facts and Experience

Question 11

Implicit Memory

Answer 11

How to do things

Question 12

Retrieval Cues

Answer 12

Anchors (words, places, emotions, etc.) that help retrieve memory

Question 13

Priming (William James)

Answer 13

To retrieve a specific memory, activate one of the strands

Question 14

Context Effects

Answer 14

Improved recall of specific episodes of information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same

Question 15

Deja Vu

Answer 15

Cues from the current situation subconsciously trigger retrieval

Question 16

Mood-congruent Memory

Answer 16

Recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood

Question 17

State-dependent Memory

Answer 17

High, drunk, or depressed

Question 18

Encoding Failure

Answer 18

Original information was not encoding correctly

Question 19

Retrieval Failure

Answer 19

Information cannot be accused

Question 20

Interference

Answer 20

Learning some information may disrupt retrieval of other information

Question 21

Proactive Interference

Answer 21

Disruptive effect of prior learning on recall of new information

Question 22

Retroactive Interference

Answer 22

Disruptive effect of new learning on recall of old information

Question 23

Repression

Answer 23

Banishes anxiety from consciousness

Question 24

Misinformation Effect

Answer 24

Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory

Question 25

Source Amnesia

Answer 25

Attributing something in our memory to the wrong source

Question 26

Flashbulb Memory

Answer 26

Highly emotional moment; clear, strong, and persistent memory