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IELTS > Mental And Physical Health And Food > Flashcards

Mental And Physical Health And Food Flashcards

1
Q

Shoelaces

A

a cord or leather strip passed through eyelets or hooks on opposite sides of a shoe and pulled tight and fastened.

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2
Q

Crawl

A

(of a person) move forward on the hands and knees or by dragging the body close to the ground.
“they crawled out from under the table”
synonyms: creep, go on all fours, move on hands and knees, inch, drag oneself along, pull oneself along, drag, trail, slither

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3
Q

Milestone

A

an action or event marking a significant change or stage in development.
“the speech is being hailed as a milestone in race relations”

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4
Q

Infant

A

a very young child or baby.
“healthy infants”
synonyms: tot, tiny tot, tiny, sprog
نوزاد

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5
Q

acquired

A

اکتسابی

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6
Q

Imitating

A

take or follow as a model.
“his style was imitated by many other writers”
synonyms: emulate, copy, take as a model, model oneself on, take as a pattern, pattern oneself on/after, follow the example of, take as an example, take as a role model
تقلید

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7
Q

Unparalleled

A

بی نظیر

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8
Q

Clumsy

A

awkward in movement or in handling things.
“the cold made his fingers clumsy”
synonyms: awkward, uncoordinated, ungainly, graceless, ungraceful, inelegant, gawky, gauche, gangling

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9
Q

Hypothetically

A

by imagining a possibility rather than reality; as a hypothesis.
“we talked hypothetically about how cool it would be if we moved”

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10
Q

Overindulge

A

have too much of something enjoyable, especially food or drink.
“it is easy to overindulge in these kinds of foods”
synonyms: drink/eat too much, overeat, drink like a fish, overdrink, be greedy, be immoderate, be intemperate, overindulge oneself, overdo it
افراط و تفریط

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11
Q

Tantrum

A

an uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.
“he has temper tantrums if he can’t get his own way”
synonyms: wax, wobbly, paddy, blowout, hissy fit, bate

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12
Q

Tolerant

A

بردبار

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13
Q

Upbringing

A

تربیت کردن

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14
Q

Impression

A

an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence.
“his first impressions of Manchester were very positive”
synonyms: opinion, view, conception, image, picture, perception, judgment, verdict, estimation

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15
Q

Reminisce

A

indulge in enjoyable recollection of past events.
“they reminisced about their summers abroad”
synonyms: remember (with pleasure), cast one’s mind back to, think back to, look back on, be nostalgic about, hark back to, recall, recollect, reflect on

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16
Q

Maintain

A

cause or enable (a condition or state of affairs) to continue.
“the need to maintain close links between industry and schools”
synonyms: continue, keep, keep going, keep up, keep alive, keep in existence, carry on, preserve, conserve

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17
Q

Portions

A

a part of a whole.
“a portion of the jetty still stands”
synonyms: wodge

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18
Q

Eliminate

A

completely remove or get rid of (something).
“a policy that would eliminate inflation”
synonyms: give something the chop, knock something on the head

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19
Q

Writhe

A

make continual twisting, squirming movements or contortions of the body.
“he writhed in agony on the ground”
synonyms: squirm, wriggle, thrash, flounder, flail, toss, toss and turn, twitch, twist

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20
Q

Briskly

A

in an active, quick, or energetic way.

“she walked briskly into the building”

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21
Q

Gradually

A

in a gradual way; slowly; by degrees.
“the situation gradually improved”
synonyms: slowly, moderately, unhurriedly, cautiously, gently, gingerly, circumspectly, unspectacularly, piecemeal

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22
Q

Agony

A

extreme physical or mental suffering.
“he crashed to the ground in agony”
synonyms: excruciation
عذاب

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23
Q

Notion

A

a conception of or belief about something.
“children have different notions about the roles of their parents”
synonyms: understanding, idea, awareness, knowledge, clue, inkling

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24
Q

Additives

A

a substance added to something in small quantities to improve or preserve it.
“many foods contain chemical additives”
synonyms: added ingredient, addition, extra, add-on, supplement, accompaniment, preservative, flavor enhancer, coloring
مواد افزودنی.

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25
Q

Staple

A

a piece of thin wire with a long center portion and two short end pieces that are driven by a stapler through sheets of paper to fasten them together.

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26
Q

Convenient

A

fitting in well with a person’s needs, activities, and plans.
“I phoned your office to confirm that this date is convenient”
synonyms: trouble-free, labor-saving, useful, handy, practical, serviceable, user-oriented

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27
Q

Swap

A

take part in an exchange of.
“we swapped phone numbers”
synonyms: bandy, exchange, trade, reciprocate, pass back and forth, give and take

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28
Q

Diagnosis

A

the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms.
“early diagnosis and treatment are essential”
synonyms: opinion, prognosis, judgment, verdict, pronouncement, conclusion, interpretation, solution, result
تشخیص

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29
Q

Persistent

A

continuing firmly or obstinately in a course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition.
“one of the government’s most persistent critics”
synonyms: tenacious, persevering, determined, resolute, purposeful, dogged, single-minded, tireless, indefatigable

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30
Q

Acute

A

(of a bad, difficult, or unwelcome situation or phenomenon) present or experienced to a severe or intense degree.
“an acute housing shortage”
synonyms: egregious

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31
Q

Apparatus

A

the technical equipment or machinery needed for a particular activity or purpose.
“laboratory apparatus”
synonyms: equipment, gear, rig, tackle, gadgetry, paraphernalia, appliance, instrument, tool
دستگاه

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32
Q

Disrupt

A

interrupt (an event, activity, or process) by causing a disturbance or problem.
“a rail strike that could disrupt both passenger and freight service”
synonyms: throw a spanner in the works of, throw a monkey wrench in the works of

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33
Q

Craving

A

a powerful desire for something.
“a craving for chocolate”
synonyms: yen, itch

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34
Q

Controversial

A

giving rise or likely to give rise to public disagreement.
“years of wrangling over a controversial bypass”
synonyms: controvertible

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35
Q

Clear cut

A

صریح

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36
Q

Exposed

A

not covered or hidden; visible.

“the venue featured beautiful hardwood floors and exposed brick walls”

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37
Q

Tension

A

the state of being stretched tight.
“the parachute keeps the cable under tension as it drops”
synonyms: tightness, tautness, tenseness, rigidity, pull, traction, stress, strain, straining

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38
Q

Abdominal

A

شکمی

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39
Q

Gland

A

an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings.
غده

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40
Q

Stimulating

A

encouraging or arousing interest or enthusiasm.

“a rich and stimulating working environment”

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41
Q

Chronically

A

(in relation to illness) in a persistent and recurring way.

“families dealing with a chronically ill child”

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42
Q

Elevated

A

situated or placed higher than the surrounding area.
“this hotel has an elevated position above the village”
synonyms: raised, upraised, uplifted, lifted up, high up, aloft, aerial, overhead, hoisted

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43
Q

Anorexia

A

lack or loss of appetite for food (as a medical condition).

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44
Q

Bulimia

A

an emotional disorder involving distortion of body image and an obsessive desire to lose weight, in which bouts of extreme overeating are followed by depression and self-induced vomiting, purging, or fasting.

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45
Q

Arthritis

A

painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints.

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46
Q

Intensified

A

become or make more intense.
“the dispute began to intensify”
synonyms: escalate, step up, boost, increase, raise, sharpen, strengthen, augment, add to

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47
Q

Rheumatoid

A

relating to, affected by, or resembling rheumatism.

“rheumatoid disease”

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48
Q

Predisposition

A

a liability or tendency to suffer from a particular condition, hold a particular attitude, or act in a particular way.
“a child may inherit a predisposition to schizophrenia”
synonyms: velleity

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49
Q

Contraction

A

the process of becoming smaller.
“the general contraction of the industry did further damage to morale”
synonyms: shrinking, reduction in size, shrinkage, decline, decrease, diminution, dwindling, downtick

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50
Q

Anticipate

A

regard as probable; expect or predict.
“she anticipated scorn on her return to the theater”
synonyms: apprehend

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51
Q

Pessimist

A

a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.
“the pessimists point to ways in which life has deteriorated”
synonyms: defeatist, fatalist, alarmist, prophet of doom, cynic, doomsayer, doomster, gloom-monger, doom-monger

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52
Q

Eccentric

A

(of a person or their behavior) unconventional and slightly strange.
“my favorite aunt is very eccentric”
synonyms: unconventional, uncommon, abnormal, irregular, aberrant, anomalous, odd, queer, strange

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53
Q

Cynical

A

believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
“her cynical attitude”

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54
Q

Cheerful

A

noticeably happy and optimistic.
“how can she be so cheerful at six o’clock in the morning?”
synonyms: of good cheer

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55
Q

Indecisive

A

not settling an issue.
“these experimental results are indecisive”
synonyms: inconclusive, proving nothing, settling nothing, open, indeterminate, undecided, unsettled, borderline, indefinite

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56
Q

Assertive

A

having or showing a confident and forceful personality.
“patients should be more assertive with their doctors”
synonyms: pushful

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57
Q

Egotistical

A

excessively conceited or absorbed in oneself; self-centered.
“he’s selfish, egotistical, and arrogant”
synonyms: self-centered, selfish, egocentric, egomaniacal, self-interested, self-seeking, self-regarding, self-absorbed, self-obsessed

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58
Q

Gullible

A

easily persuaded to believe something; credulous.
“an attempt to persuade a gullible public to spend their money”
synonyms: credulous, over-trusting, over-trustful, trustful, easily deceived/led, easily taken in, exploitable, dupable, deceivable

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59
Q

Absorbed

A

(of energy or a liquid or other substance) taken in or soaked up.
“the stones warm slowly throughout the day, then radiate absorbed heat at night”

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60
Q

Assured

A

confident.
““Certainly not,” was her assured reply”
synonyms: self-confident, confident, self-assured, sure of oneself, positive, assertive, self-possessed, self-reliant, poised

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61
Q

Reliant

A

dependent on someone or something.

“the company is heavily reliant on the baby market”

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62
Q

Deprecating

A

expressing disapproval; disapproving.

“he sniffed in a deprecating way”

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63
Q

Ambitious

A

having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed.
“his mother was hard-working and ambitious for her four children”
synonyms: raring

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64
Q

Astonished

A

greatly surprised or impressed; amazed.

“he was astonished at the change in him”

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65
Q

Ancestor

A

a person, typically one more remote than a grandparent, from whom one is descended.
“my ancestor Admiral Anson circumnavigated the globe 250 years ago”
synonyms: forebear, forefather, predecessor, progenitor, antecedent

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66
Q

Plums

A

آلو

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67
Q

Apricot

A

زردآلو

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68
Q

Figs

A

انجیر

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69
Q

Leek

A

تره فرنگی

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70
Q

Celery

A

کرفس

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71
Q

Chickpeas

A

نخود

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72
Q

Flannel

A

رازیانه

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73
Q

Artichoke

A

تره فرنگی

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74
Q

Asparagus

A

مارچوبه

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75
Q

Beetroot

A

چغندر

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76
Q

Veal

A

گوشت گوساله

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77
Q

Calf

A

گوساله

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78
Q

Minced

A

خرد کردن

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79
Q

Peel

A

پوست کندن

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80
Q

Conceited

A

excessively proud of oneself; vain.
“Fred’s so conceited he’d never believe anyone would refuse him”
synonyms: peacockish

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81
Q

Shrewd

A

having or showing sharp powers of judgment; astute.
“she was shrewd enough to guess the motive behind his gesture”
synonyms: long-headed, sapient, a
زیرک

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82
Q

Ruthless

A

having or showing no pity or compassion for others.
“a ruthless manipulator”
synonyms: inclement, fell
بی‌رحم

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83
Q

Conscientious

A

(of a person) wishing to do what is right, especially to do one’s work or duty well and thoroughly.
“a conscientious and hardworking clerk”
synonyms: diligent, industrious, punctilious, painstaking, sedulous, assiduous, dedicated, careful, meticulous

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84
Q

Aloof

A

not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
“they were courteous but faintly aloof”
synonyms: distant, detached, unresponsive, remote, unapproachable, forbidding, standoffish, formal, impersonal

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85
Q

Diffident

A

modest or shy because of a lack of self-confidence.
“a diffident youth”
synonyms: mousy

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86
Q

Trait

A

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.
“he was a letter-of-the-law man, a common trait among coaches”
synonyms: characteristic, attribute, feature, quality, essential quality, property, distinction, idiosyncrasy, peculiarity

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87
Q

Misleading

A

giving the wrong idea or impression.
“your article contains a number of misleading statements”
synonyms: deceptive, confusing, deceiving, equivocal, ambiguous, fallacious, specious, spurious, false

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88
Q

Deceptive

A

giving an appearance or impression different from the true one; misleading.
“he put the question with deceptive casualness”
synonyms: false-hearted, double-faced, truthless, Punic

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89
Q

Virtue

A

behavior showing high moral standards.
“paragons of virtue”
synonyms: goodness, virtuousness, righteousness, morality, ethicalness, uprightness, upstandingness, integrity, dignity

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90
Q

Cunning

A

having or showing skill in achieving one’s ends by deceit or evasion.
“a cunning look came into his eyes”
synonyms: subtle

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91
Q

Crafty

A

clever at achieving one’s aims by indirect or deceitful methods.
“a crafty crook faked an injury to escape from prison”
synonyms: subtle
حیله گر

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92
Q

Impulsive

A

acting or done without forethought.
“they had married as young impulsive teenagers”
synonyms: impromptu, snap, spontaneous, unpremeditated, spur-of-the-moment, extemporaneous, impetuous, precipitate, hasty

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93
Q

Impetuous

A

acting or done quickly and without thought or care.
“her friend was headstrong and impetuous”
synonyms: impulsive, rash, hasty, overhasty, reckless, heedless, foolhardy, incautious, imprudent

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94
Q

Naive

A

(of a person or action) showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment.
“the rather naive young man had been totally misled”

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95
Q

Skeptical

A

not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations.
“the public were deeply skeptical about some of the proposals”
synonyms: dubious, doubtful, having reservations, taking something with a pinch of salt, doubting, questioning, cynical, distrustful, mistrustful

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96
Q

astute

A

having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one’s advantage.
“an astute businessman”
synonyms: long-headed

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97
Q

Ecstatic

A

feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or joyful excitement.
“ecstatic fans filled the stadium”
synonyms: enraptured, elated, transported, in transports, in raptures, euphoric, rapturous, joyful, joyous

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98
Q

Elated

A

ecstatically happy.

“after the concert, I felt elated”

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99
Q

Euphoric

A

characterized by or feeling intense excitement and happiness.
“a euphoric sense of freedom”
synonyms: on top of the world, over the moon, on a high

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100
Q

Jubilant

A

feeling or expressing great happiness and triumph.

synonyms: overjoyed, exultant, triumphant, joyful, jumping for joy, rejoicing, cock-a-hoop, exuberant, elated

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101
Q

Devastated

A

destroy or ruin (something).
“the city was devastated by a huge earthquake”
synonyms: destroy, ruin, leave in ruins, wreck, lay waste, wreak havoc on, ravage, ransack, leave desolate

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102
Q

Gutted

A

take out the intestines and other internal organs of (a fish or other animal) before cooking it.
synonyms: disembowel, eviscerate, draw, dress, clean, remove the innards from, remove the guts from

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103
Q

Hysterical

A

deriving from or affected by uncontrolled extreme emotion.
“the band was mobbed by hysterical fans”
synonyms: overwrought, emotional, uncontrolled, uncontrollable, out of control, unrestrained, unrestrainable, frenzied, in a frenzy

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104
Q

Stunned

A

so shocked that one is temporarily unable to react; astonished.
“a silent, stunned crowd”

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105
Q

Gobsmacked

A

گنده

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106
Q

Appalled

A

greatly dismayed or horrified.

“Alison looked at me, appalled”

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107
Q

horrified

A

filled with horror; extremely shocked.

“the horrified spectators”

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108
Q

Inevitably

A

as is certain to happen; unavoidably.
“inevitably some details are already out of date”
synonyms: perforce

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109
Q

Initially

A

at first.
“initially, he thought the new concept was nonsense”
synonyms: at first, at the start, at the outset, in/at the beginning, to begin with, to start with, originally, in the early stages, in the first instance

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110
Q

reluctant

A

unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.
“today, many ordinary people are still reluctant to talk about politics”
synonyms: loath, unwilling, disinclined, not in the mood, indisposed, sorry, averse, slow, chary of

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111
Q

confide

A

tell someone about a secret or private matter while trusting them not to repeat it to others.
“he confided his fears to his mother”
synonyms: discover

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112
Q

Loathe

A

feel intense dislike or disgust for.
“she loathed him on sight”
synonyms: yuck factor

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113
Q

Humility

A

a modest or low view of one’s own importance; humbleness.
“he needs the humility to accept that their way may be better”
synonyms: modesty, humbleness, modestness, meekness, lack of pride, lack of vanity, diffidence, unassertiveness

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114
Q

Idolise

A

admire, revere, or love greatly or excessively.
“he idolized his mother”
synonyms: put on a pedestal

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115
Q

Dedication

A

the quality of being dedicated or committed to a task or purpose.
“his dedication to his duties”
synonyms: devotion, devotedness, commitment, loyalty, faithfulness, adherence, allegiance, constancy, staunchness
فداکاری

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116
Q

Hypocrite

A

a person who indulges in hypocrisy.
“the story tells of respectable Ben who turns out to be a cheat and a hypocrite”
synonyms: sanctimonious person, pietist, whited sepulcher, plaster saint, humbug, pretender, deceiver, dissembler, impostor
منافق

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117
Q

Malicious

A

characterized by malice; intending or intended to do harm.
“the transmission of malicious software such as computer viruses”
synonyms: malefic, maleficent
بدخواه

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118
Q

Spiteful

A

showing or caused by malice.
“the teachers made spiteful little jokes about me”
synonyms: malicious, mean, nasty, cruel, unkind, unfriendly, snide, hurtful, wounding

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119
Q

Vulgar

A

lacking sophistication or good taste; unrefined.
“the vulgar trappings of wealth”
synonyms: yobbish, loutish, plebby, ignorant

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120
Q

Coarse

A

rough or loose in texture or grain.
“a coarse woolen cloth”
synonyms: rough, bristly, scratchy, prickly, hairy, shaggy, wiry

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121
Q

Crude

A

in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined.
“crude protein”
synonyms: unrefined, unpurified, unprocessed, untreated, unmilled, unworked, unpolished, coarse, unprepared

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122
Q

Despicable

A

deserving hatred and contempt.
“a despicable crime”
synonyms: caitiff

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123
Q

Thriving

A

(of a child, animal, or plant) grow or develop well or vigorously.
“the new baby thrived”

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124
Q

Flourishing

A

developing rapidly and successfully; thriving.

“a flourishing career”

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125
Q

Vibrant

A

full of energy and enthusiasm.
“a vibrant cosmopolitan city”
synonyms: peppy, zippy, full of beans, feisty, spunky, have-a-go, ballsy

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126
Q

Restoration

A

the action of returning something to a former owner, place, or condition.
“the restoration of Andrew’s sight”
synonyms: facelift, refurb, rehab

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127
Q

Retain

A

continue to have (something); keep possession of.
“built in 1830, the house retains many of its original features”
synonyms: maintain, keep, continue, preserve, reserve, conserve, perpetuate, cherish

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128
Q

Retention

A

the continued possession, use, or control of something.

“the retention of direct control by central government”

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129
Q

Trek

A

a long arduous journey, especially one made on foot.
“a trek to the South Pole”
synonyms: yomp, trog

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130
Q

Spine

A

a series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone.
“a soft voice that sent a shiver down her spine”
synonyms: dorsum, rachis
ستون فقرات

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131
Q

Tingling

A

experience or cause to experience a slight prickling or stinging sensation.
“she was tingling with excitement”
synonyms: tremble, quiver, quaver, shiver, quake, twitch, wiggle, throb, shudder

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132
Q

Gripping

A

firmly holding the attention or interest; exciting.

“a gripping TV thriller”

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133
Q

Twist

A

form into a bent, curling, or distorted shape.
“a strip of metal is twisted to form a hollow tube”
synonyms: crooked, wry, lopsided, contorted

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134
Q

Sensational

A

(of an event, a person, or a piece of information) causing great public interest and excitement.
“a sensational murder trial”
synonyms: buzzworthy

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135
Q

Applause

A

approval or praise expressed by clapping.
“they gave him a round of applause”
synonyms: clapping, handclapping, cheering, whistling, (standing) ovation, acclamation, cheers, whistles, bravos

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136
Q

Phenomenally

A

in a remarkable or exceptional way, especially exceptionally well.
“membership has grown phenomenally”

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137
Q

Unanimously

A

without opposition; with the agreement of all people involved.
“a bipartisan law passed unanimously by Congress”
synonyms: without opposition, with one accord, with one mind, to a man, as one, one and all, each and every one, bar none, without exception

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138
Q

Acclaimed

A

praise enthusiastically and publicly.
“the conference was acclaimed as a considerable success”
synonyms: celebrated, admired, highly rated, lionized, revered, honored, esteemed, exalted, lauded
تحسین شده

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139
Q

Atrocious

A

horrifyingly wicked.
“atrocious cruelties”
synonyms: brutal, barbaric, barbarous, brutish, savage, vicious, wicked, cruel, nasty

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140
Q

Dire

A

(of a situation or event) extremely serious or urgent.
“dire consequences”
synonyms: urgent, desperate, pressing, crying, sore, grave, serious, extreme, acute

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141
Q

Cliche

A

a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.
“the old cliché “one man’s meat is another man’s poison.””
synonyms: old chestnut

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142
Q

Shallow

A

of little depth.

“serve the noodles in a shallow bowl”

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143
Q

Feeble

A

lacking physical strength, especially as a result of age or illness.
“my legs are very feeble after the flu”
synonyms: weak, weakly, weakened, puny, wasted, frail, infirm, delicate, sickly

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144
Q

Mediocre

A

of only moderate quality; not very good.
“a mediocre actor”
synonyms: ordinary, common, commonplace, indifferent, average, middle-of-the-road, middling, medium, moderate

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145
Q

Miscast

A

allot an unsuitable role to (a particular actor).

“he is badly miscast in the romantic lead”

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146
Q

Utter

A

complete; absolute.
“Charles stared at her in utter amazement”
synonyms: arrant

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147
Q

Tedious

A

too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous.
“a tedious journey”
synonyms: deadly, draggy, samey, dullsville

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148
Q

Superficial

A

existing or occurring at or on the surface.
“the building suffered only superficial damage”
synonyms: surface, exterior, external, outer, outside, outermost, peripheral, slight

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149
Q

Venue

A

the place where something happens, especially an organized event such as a concert, conference, or sports event.
“the river could soon be the venue for a powerboat world championship event” for

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150
Q

Relegation

A 
the action of assigning to an inferior rank or position.
"the relegation of experienced party members to the status of second-class citizens"
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151
Q

Dominate

A

have a commanding influence on; exercise control over.
“the company dominates the market for operating system software”
synonyms: predominate, prevail, reign, be prevalent, be paramount, be preeminent, be most important, be influential, be significant

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152
Q

Imitate

A

take or follow as a model.
“his style was imitated by many other writers”
synonyms: emulate, copy, take as a model, model oneself on, take as a pattern, pattern oneself on/after, follow the example of, take as an example, take as a role model

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153
Q

Acquire

A

buy or obtain (an asset or object) for oneself.
“I managed to acquire all the books I needed”
synonyms: get one’s hands on, get one’s mitts on, get hold of, grab, bag, score, swing, nab, collar

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154
Q

Cottage

A

a small simple house, typically one near a lake or beach.

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155
Q

Slope

A

a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another; a rising or falling surface.
“he slithered helplessly down the slope”
شیب

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156
Q

Shed

A

a simple roofed structure, typically made of wood or metal, used as a storage space, a shelter for animals, or a workshop.
“a bicycle shed”
synonyms: hovel

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157
Q

Scatter

A

throw in various random directions.

“scatter the coconut over the icing”

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158
Q

Meadow

A

a piece of grassland, especially one used for hay.
“a meadow ready for cutting”
synonyms: lea, mead

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159
Q

Nest

A

a structure or place made or chosen by a bird for laying eggs and sheltering its young.
“two sparrows frantically building a nest”
synonyms: roost, aerie, nest box, nesting box, birdhouse

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160
Q

Chore

A

a routine task, especially a household one.
“the early risers were up and about, doing their chores”
synonyms: task, job, duty, errand, thing to be done, burden, work, domestic work, drudgery

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161
Q

Compost

A

decayed organic material used as a plant fertilizer.
“cover with a layer of fine compost”
synonyms: fertilizer, plant food, dressing, organic matter, vegetable waste, humus, peat

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162
Q

Enrich

A

improve or enhance the quality or value of.
“her exposure to museums enriched her life in France”
synonyms: fertilize, add fertilizer to, make more fertile, improve, compost, dung, manure, mulch, dress

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163
Q

Soil

A

the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.
“blueberries need very acid soil”
synonyms: earth, loam, sod, ground, dirt, clay, turf, topsoil, mold

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164
Q

Prune

A

a plum preserved by drying and having a black, wrinkled appearance.

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165
Q

Hedge

A

a fence or boundary formed by closely growing bushes or shrubs.
“she was standing barefoot in a corner of the lawn, trimming the hedge”
synonyms: hedgerow, row of bushes, fence, windbreak, barrier, barricade, boundary, quickset

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166
Q

Lawnmower

A

a machine for cutting the grass on a lawn.

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167
Q

Spade

A

a tool with a sharp-edged, typically rectangular, metal blade and a long handle, used for digging or cutting earth, sand, turf, etc.

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168
Q

Pursuit

A

the action of following or pursuing someone or something.
“the cat crouched in the grass in pursuit of a bird”
synonyms: striving toward, push toward, aspiration for, quest after/for, search for, aim of, goal of, objective of, dream of

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169
Q

Spree

A

a spell or sustained period of unrestrained activity of a particular kind.
“he went on a six-month crime spree”
synonyms: unrestrained bout, orgy

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170
Q

Crippling

A

causing a person to become unable to walk or move properly.

“a crippling disease”

171
Q

Contribute

A

give (something, especially money) in order to help achieve or provide something.
“she contributed to a private pension”
synonyms: impart, lend, add, give, confer

172
Q

Disposable

A

(of an article) intended to be used once, or until no longer useful, and then thrown away.
“disposable diapers”
synonyms: throwaway, expendable, one-use, nonreturnable, replaceable, paper, plastic, biodegradable, photodegradable

173
Q

Gatecrasher

A

دروازه بان

174
Q

Defending

A

(of a noise) so loud as to make it impossible to hear anything else.
“the music reached a deafening crescendo”
synonyms: very loud, extremely noisy, ear-splitting, ear-piercing, ear-shattering, booming, thundering, thunderous, tumultuous

175
Q

Drown out

A

غرق

176
Q

Liven up

A

زنده شدن

177
Q

Fancy

A

elaborate in structure or decoration.

“the furniture was very fancy”

178
Q

Cliquey

A

(of a group or place) tending to form or hold exclusive groups and so not welcoming to outsiders.
“a lot of boys grew up together, and the school was cliquey”

179
Q

Redefine

A

define again or differently.

“her attempt to redefine postmodernism along more political and sociocultural lines”

180
Q

Exposure

A

the state of being exposed to contact with something.
“the dangers posed by exposure to asbestos”
synonyms: subjection, submission, vulnerability, laying open

181
Q

Immunised

A

make (a person or animal) immune to infection, typically by inoculation.
“the vaccine is used to immunize children against measles”
synonyms: vaccinate, inoculate, inject, protect from, shield from, safeguard from

182
Q

Canoeing

A

the sport or activity of paddling a light, narrow boat.

“the cadets demonstrated their skills at canoeing”

183
Q

Fairground

A

an outdoor area where a fair is held.

“fairground attractions”

184
Q

Cauliflower

A

گل کلم

185
Q

stethoscope

A

گوشی پزشکی

186
Q

thermometer

A

دما سنج

187
Q

Inhaler

A

a portable device for administering a drug which is to be breathed in, used for relieving asthma and other bronchial or nasal congestion.
استنشاقی

188
Q

Choke

A

(of a person or animal) have severe difficulty in breathing because of a constricted or obstructed throat or a lack of air.
“Willie choked on a mouthful of soda”
synonyms: gag, retch, cough, struggle for air, fight for breath, gasp

189
Q

Scalded

A

injure with very hot liquid or steam.
“the tea scalded his tongue”
synonyms: cauterize

190
Q

futilities

A

pointlessness or uselessness.
“the horror and futility of war”
synonyms: bootlessness

191
Q

Reassured

A

say or do something to remove the doubts or fears of (someone).
“he understood her feelings and tried to reassure her”
synonyms: put/set someone’s mind at rest, dispel someone’s fears, restore/bolster someone’s confidence, raise someone’s spirits, put someone at ease, encourage, hearten, buoy up, cheer up

192
Q

Legislation

A

laws, considered collectively.
“tax legislation”
synonyms: law, body of laws, constitution, rules, rulings, regulations, acts, bills, statutes

193
Q

welfare

A

the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group.
“they don’t give a damn about the welfare of their families”
synonyms: well-being, health, good health, happiness, comfort, security, safety, protection, prosperity

194
Q

Hindering

A

create difficulties for (someone or something), resulting in delay or obstruction.
“various family stalemates were hindering communication”
synonyms: cumber, trammel

195
Q

Mortality

A

the state of being subject to death.
“the work is increasingly haunted by thoughts of mortality”
synonyms: impermanence, temporality, transience, ephemerality, impermanency, perishability, humanity, corporeality, earthliness

196
Q

inadequate

A

lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.
“these labels prove to be wholly inadequate”
synonyms: incompetent, incapable, unsatisfactory, not good enough, no good, found wanting, not up to scratch, lacking, leaving much to be desired

197
Q

Squalor

A

the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect.
“they lived in squalor and disease”
synonyms: dirt, dirtiness, squalidness, filth, filthiness, grubbiness, grime, griminess, muck

198
Q

scrounger

A

شیادی

199
Q

Inevitable

A

certain to happen; unavoidable.
“war was inevitable”
synonyms: unavoidable, inescapable, bound to happen, sure to happen, inexorable, unpreventable, assured, certain, for sure

200
Q

Parish

A

(in the Christian Church) a small administrative district typically having its own church and a priest or pastor.
“a parish church”
synonyms: parishioners, churchgoers, church, congregation, flock, fold, community

201
Q

Distribution

A

the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.
“she had it printed for distribution among her friends”
synonyms: giving out, dealing out, handing out/around, issue, issuing, issuance, dispensation, administering, administration

202
Q

Interfere

A

take part or intervene in an activity without invitation or necessity.
“you promised not to interfere”
synonyms: nosy-parker, snoopy, snooping

203
Q

Provision

A

the action of providing or supplying something for use.
“new contracts for the provision of services”
synonyms: supplying, supply, providing, purveying, delivery, furnishing, equipping, giving, donation

204
Q

Notion

A

a conception of or belief about something.
“children have different notions about the roles of their parents”
synonyms: understanding, idea, awareness, knowledge, clue, inkling

205
Q

Deprived

A

suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.
“the charity cares for destitute and deprived children”
synonyms: necessitous

206
Q

Subsequent

A

coming after something in time; following.
“the theory was developed subsequent to the earthquake of 1906”
synonyms: posterior to

207
Q

Maternity

A

motherhood.
“she is not a woman with an interest in maternity”
synonyms: motherhood, parenthood, motherliness

208
Q

Undiagnosed

A

not diagnosed or having been subject to diagnosis.

209
Q

Intervention

A

the action or process of intervening.

“they are plants that grow naturally without human intervention” which

210
Q

Subcutaneous

A

situated or applied under the skin.

“subcutaneous fat”

211
Q

Eventide

A

شب

212
Q

Sophisticated

A

having, revealing, or proceeding from a great deal of worldly experience and knowledge of fashion and culture.
“a chic, sophisticated woman”
synonyms: cool

213
Q

Chronic

A

(of an illness) persisting for a long time or constantly recurring.
“chronic bronchitis”
synonyms: persistent, long-standing, long-term, constantly recurring, incurable

214
Q

Commoner

A

an ordinary person, without rank or title.

“this is the story of the commoner who married a king”

215
Q

Sedentary

A

(of a person) tending to spend much time seated; somewhat inactive.
“we all walk a certain amount every day even if we are sedentary”
synonyms: sitting, seated, desk-bound, desk, inactive, still, stationary

216
Q

Splitting

A

the action of dividing or being divided into parts.

“the splitting of water into its components of hydrogen and oxygen is critical”

217
Q

Gloomier

A

dark or poorly lit, especially so as to appear depressing or frightening.
“a gloomy corridor”
synonyms: crepuscular, tenebrous

218
Q

Indices

A

an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc., with references to the places where they occur, typically found at the end of a book.
“clear cross references supplemented by a thorough index”

219
Q

Ephemeral

A

lasting for a very short time.
“fashions are ephemeral”
synonyms: fugacious

220
Q

Alms

A

(in historical contexts) money or food given to poor people.
“the riders stopped to distribute alms”
synonyms: donative

221
Q

Continents

A

any of the world’s main continuous expanses of land (Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America).
synonyms: mainland

222
Q

Aspire

A

direct one’s hopes or ambitions towards achieving something.
“we never thought that we might aspire to those heights”
synonyms: expectant

223
Q

Aggregate

A

a whole formed by combining several (typically disparate) elements.
“the council was an aggregate of three regional assemblies”

224
Q

Quarterly

A

done, produced, or occurring once every quarter of a year.

“a quarterly newsletter is distributed to members”

225
Q

Downbeat

A

pessimistic; gloomy.
“the assessment of current economic prospects is downbeat”
synonyms: given to looking on the black side

226
Q

Austerity

A

sternness or severity of manner or attitude.
“he was noted for his austerity and his authoritarianism”
synonyms: sternness, austereness, severity, strictness, grimness, seriousness, somberness, graveness, gravity

227
Q

Temptation

A

the desire to do something, especially something wrong or unwise.
“he resisted the temptation to call Celia at the office”
synonyms: desire, urge, itch, impulse, inclination

228
Q

Gimmick

A

a trick or device intended to attract attention, publicity, or business.
“it is not so much a program to improve services as a gimmick to gain votes”
synonyms: shtick

229
Q

Contentment

A

a state of happiness and satisfaction.
“he found contentment in living a simple life in the country”
synonyms: contentedness, content, satisfaction, fulfillment, happiness, pleasure, cheerfulness, gladness, gratification

230
Q

Urge

A

try earnestly or persistently to persuade (someone) to do something.
“he urged her to come and stay with us”

231
Q

Overriding

A

more important than any other considerations.
“their overriding need will be for advice”
synonyms: number-one

232
Q

Embrace

A

hold (someone) closely in one’s arms, especially as a sign of affection.
“Aunt Sophie embraced her warmly”
synonyms: embosom

233
Q

Biased

A

unfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something.

“we will not tolerate this biased media coverage”

234
Q

Corruption

A

dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery.
“the journalist who wants to expose corruption in high places”
synonyms: crookedness, shadiness, sleaze, palm-greasing

235
Q

Deluded

A

believing something that is not true.

“the poor deluded creature”

236
Q

Elusive

A

difficult to find, catch, or achieve.
“success will become ever more elusive”
synonyms: always on the move, cagey

237
Q

Equitable

A

fair and impartial.
“an equitable balance of power”
synonyms: fair, just, impartial, even-handed, fair-minded, unbiased, unprejudiced, nondiscriminatory, anti-discrimination

238
Q

inefficient

A

not achieving maximum productivity; wasting or failing to make the best use of time or resources.
“the government was both inefficient and corrupt”
synonyms: uneconomical, wasteful, purposeless, unproductive, time-wasting, slow, slow-moving, awkward, unwieldy

239
Q

Settlement

A

an official agreement intended to resolve a dispute or conflict.
“unions succeeded in reaching a pay settlement”
synonyms: agreement, deal, arrangement, resolution, accommodation, bargain, understanding, pact, compromise

240
Q

magnitude

A

the great size or extent of something.
“they may feel discouraged at the magnitude of the task before them”
synonyms: immensity, vastness, hugeness, enormity, enormousness, expanse, size, extent, greatness

241
Q

Profitable

A

(of a business or activity) yielding profit or financial gain.
“a professionally run and profitable company”
synonyms: moneymaking, profit-making, commercial, successful, commercially successful, money-spinning, sound, solvent, in the black

242
Q

Textile

A

a type of cloth or woven fabric.
“a fascinating range of pottery, jewelry, and textiles”
synonyms: fabric, cloth, material

243
Q

Manufacture

A

make (something) on a large scale using machinery.
“a company that manufactured paint-by-number sets”
synonyms: make, produce, mass produce, build, construct, assemble, put together, create, fabricate

244
Q

Omnibus

A

a volume containing several novels or other items previously published separately.
“an omnibus of her first trilogy”

245
Q

leaflet

A

a printed sheet of paper, sometimes folded, containing information or advertising and usually distributed free.
“pick up a leaflet from your local branch”
synonyms: pamphlet, booklet, brochure, handbill, circular, flyer, handout, advertisement, bulletin

246
Q

confusion

A

lack of understanding; uncertainty.
“there seems to be some confusion about which system does what”
synonyms: dubiety, incertitude

247
Q

comically

A

طنز

248
Q

Precise

A

marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
“precise directions”
synonyms: exact, accurate, correct, error-free, pinpoint, specific, detailed, explicit, clear-cut

249
Q

Thereby

A

by that means; as a result of that.

“students perform in hospitals, thereby gaining a deeper awareness of the therapeutic power of music”

250
Q

Expurgate

A

remove matter thought to be objectionable or unsuitable from (a text or account).
“editors heavily expurgated the novel before its initial publication”
synonyms: censor, bowdlerize, blue-pencil, redact, cut, edit, clean up, purge, purify

251
Q

Ascertain

A

find (something) out for certain; make sure of.
“an attempt to ascertain the cause of the accident”
synonyms: cognize

252
Q

Superannuation

A

regular payment made into a fund by an employee toward a future pension.
“a superannuation fund”

253
Q

Thingummy

A

a person or thing whose name one has forgotten, does not know, or does not wish to mention.
“it is difficult to know what to make of these complicated thingummies”

254
Q

Meanie

A

a mean or small-minded person.

“he was no meanie when it came to transport”

255
Q

Scuzzy

A

dirty and unpleasant.

“a scuzzy apartment”

256
Q

Stonking

A

bombard with concentrated artillery fire.

“woods and farmsteads were routinely stonked by German guns”

257
Q

Naff

A

پوسته

258
Q

spanner

A

آچار

259
Q

Bonnet

A

a woman’s or child’s hat tied under the chin and with a brim framing the face.

260
Q

Burrister

A

وکیل دادگستری

261
Q

Eclipse

A

an obscuring of the light from one celestial body by the passage of another between it and the observer or between it and its source of illumination.
“an eclipse of the sun”
synonyms: blotting out, blocking, covering, obscuring, hiding, concealing, veiling, shrouding, darkening

262
Q

Crumb

A

a small fragment of bread, cake, or cracker.

“she brushed some cake crumbs off her dress”

263
Q

Ebony

A

heavy blackish or very dark brown timber from a mainly tropical tree.

264
Q

Netizen

A

a user of the internet, especially a habitual or avid one.

“we look at how the new generation of commercial Web browsers can help Netizens surf the world”

265
Q

Geek

A

an unfashionable or socially inept person

266
Q

Poltroon

A

an utter coward.

“come on, you poltroons!”

267
Q

Blithering

A

complete; utter (used to express annoyance or contempt).

“a blithering idiot”

268
Q

Asthma

A

آسم

269
Q

Anaemic

A

(of a person) suffering from anemia.
“the doctor said you were a bit anemic”
synonyms: colorless, bloodless, pale, pallid, wan, ashen, white, white as a ghost/sheet, gray

270
Q

Bengin

A

gentle and kindly.
“his benign but firm manner”
synonyms: benignant

271
Q

Inflamed

A

(of strong feelings) provoked or intensified.

“inflamed passions overrode reasoning”

272
Q

Seizure

A

the action of capturing someone or something using force.
“the seizure of the Assembly building”
synonyms: kidnapping, kidnap, abduction, hostage-taking, hijacking

273
Q

Biennial

A

taking place every other year.

“summit meetings are normally biennial”

274
Q

Deciduous

A

(of a tree or shrub) shedding its leaves annually.

“sun-loving deciduous trees like aspen”

275
Q

Trajectory

A

the path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces.
“the missile’s trajectory was preset”
synonyms: course, route, path, track, line, orbit, flight, flight path, ambit

276
Q

Incentive

A

a thing that motivates or encourages one to do something.
“there is no incentive for customers to conserve water”
synonyms: carrot, sweetener, come-on

277
Q

Dismissive

A

feeling or showing that something is unworthy of consideration.
“he is too dismissive of the importance of the industrialists”
synonyms: contemptuous, disdainful, scornful, sneering, snide, scathing, disparaging, negative, unenthusiastic

278
Q

Stark

A

severe or bare in appearance or outline.
“the ridge formed a stark silhouette against the sky”
synonyms: austere, severe, bleak, plain, simple, bare, unadorned, unembellished, undecorated

279
Q

Genuine

A

truly what something is said to be; authentic.
“each book is bound in genuine leather”
synonyms: the real McCoy, the genuine article, the real thing, your actual, kosher, honest-to-goodness, pukka, dinkum

280
Q

Tournament

A

(in a sport or game) a series of contests between a number of competitors, who compete for an overall prize.
synonyms: competition, contest, championship, series, meeting, meet, event, match, trial

281
Q

Stereotype

A

a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
“the stereotype of the woman as the carer”
synonyms: standard/conventional image, received idea, cliché, hackneyed idea, formula

282
Q

Conferring

A

grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right).
“moves were made to confer an honorary degree on her”
synonyms: bestow on, present with/to, grant to, award to, decorate with, honor with, give to, give out to, gift with

283
Q

Emulate

A

match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation.
“lesser men trying to emulate his greatness”
synonyms: take a leaf out of someone’s book

284
Q

Whim

A

a sudden desire or change of mind, especially one that is unusual or unexplained.
“she bought it on a whim”
synonyms: capriciousness, whimsy, caprice, volatility, fickleness, idiosyncrasy, eccentricity, unpredictability

285
Q

Punctually

A

at the agreed or proper time; promptly.
“four out of five trains were arriving punctually”
synonyms: bang on time, spot on time, bang on, spot on

286
Q

Perception

A

the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
“the normal limits to human perception”

287
Q

Interval

A

an intervening time or space.
“after his departure, there was an interval of many years without any meetings”
synonyms: interim, interlude, intervening time, intervening period, meantime, meanwhile, interregnum

a pause or break in activity.
“an interval of mourning”
synonyms: intermission, interlude, entr’acte, break, recess, pause, gap, lull, respite

288
Q

Conversely

A

introducing a statement or idea which reverses one that has just been made or referred to.
“we’re not going to have enough onions to last the year, while courgettes, conversely, are in a major surplus”

289
Q

Intuitively

A

without conscious reasoning; instinctively.

“he knows intuitively how to calm me”

290
Q

Boredom

A

the state of feeling bored.
“the boredom of afternoon duty could be relieved by friendly conversation”
synonyms: deadliness, sameyness

291
Q

Perceive

A

become aware or conscious of (something); come to realize or understand.
“his mouth fell open as he perceived the truth”
synonyms: discern, recognize, become cognizant of, become aware of, become conscious of, get/come to know, tell, distinguish, grasp

292
Q

Metronomes

A

a device used by musicians that marks time at a selected rate by giving a regular tick.

293
Q

Lifespan

A

the length of time for which a person or animal lives or a thing functions.
“the human life span”

294
Q

Conventional

A

based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.
“a conventional morality had dictated behavior”
synonyms: run-of-the-mill, prosaic, pedestrian, commonplace, unimaginative, uninspired, uninspiring, unadventurous, unremarkable

295
Q

Indispensable

A

absolutely necessary.
“he made himself indispensable to the parish priest”
synonyms: essential, crucial, necessary, key, vital, needed, required, called for, requisite

296
Q

Congenial

A

(of a person) pleasant because of a personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one’s own.
“his need for some congenial company”
synonyms: like-minded, compatible, kindred, well suited, easy to get along with, companionable, sociable, sympathetic, comradely

297
Q

Decrepitude

A

the state of being decrepit.
“he had passed directly from middle age into decrepitude”
synonyms: dilapidation, ricketiness, dereliction, ruin, disrepair, rack and ruin, decay, deterioration

298
Q

Permeate

A 
spread throughout (something); pervade.
"the aroma of soup permeated the air"
synonyms: soak through, penetrate, seep through, saturate, percolate through, leach through, pass through, spread through
299
Q

Longevity

A

long life.

“the greater longevity of women compared with men”

300
Q

Throughout

A

in every part of (a place or object).
“the event had repercussions throughout Europe”
synonyms: all over, all around, in every part of, all through, right through, around

301
Q

Threshold

A

a strip of wood, metal, or stone forming the bottom of a doorway and crossed in entering a house or room.
“he stood on the threshold of Sheila’s bedroom”
synonyms: doorstep, sill, doorsill, doorway, entrance, entry, way in, door, gate

302
Q

Bureaucrat

A

an official in a government department, in particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural correctness at the expense of people’s needs.
“the unemployed will be dealt with not by faceless bureaucrats but by individuals”
synonyms: official, administrator, office-holder, office-bearer, civil servant, public servant, government servant, minister, functionary

303
Q

Interference

A

the action of interfering or the process of being interfered with.
“an unwarranted interference with personal liberty”
synonyms: intrusion, intervention, intercession, involvement, impinging, encroaching, trespass, trespassing, obtrusion

304
Q

Dementia

A

a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.
synonyms: mental illness, madness, insanity, derangement, lunacy, senile dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Alzheimer’s

305
Q

Arithmetic

A

the branch of mathematics dealing with the properties and manipulation of numbers.
“the laws of arithmetic”

306
Q

Doggedly

A

in a manner that shows tenacity and grim persistence.

“she has doggedly pursued her own path”

307
Q

Kingship

A

blood relationship.

synonyms: consanguinity, propinquity

308
Q

Clan

A

a group of close-knit and interrelated families (especially associated with families in the Scottish Highlands).
“the clan Macleod”
synonyms: group of families, sept, gens, family, house, dynasty, tribe, line, sib

309
Q

Tenure

A

the conditions under which land or buildings are held or occupied.
synonyms: tenancy, occupancy, holding, occupation, residence, possession, title, ownership, proprietorship

310
Q

Whetted

A

sharpen the blade of (a tool or weapon).
“she took out her dagger and began to whet its blade in even, rhythmic strokes”
synonyms: edge, acuminate

311
Q

Introductory

A

serving as an introduction to a subject or topic; basic or preliminary.
“an introductory course in Russian”
synonyms: elementary, basic, rudimentary, fundamental, initiatory, preparatory, primary

312
Q

Reticent

A

not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily.
“she was extremely reticent about her personal affairs”
synonyms: reserved, withdrawn, introverted, restrained, inhibited, diffident, shy, modest, unassuming

313
Q

Conspicuous

A

standing out so as to be clearly visible.

“he was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam’s apple”

314
Q

Vouch

A

assert or confirm as a result of one’s own experience that something is true or accurately so described.
“they say New York is the city that never sleeps, and I can certainly vouch for that”
synonyms: attest to, confirm, affirm, verify, swear to, testify to, bear witness to, bear out, back up

315
Q

Assurance

A

a positive declaration intended to give confidence; a promise.
“he gave an assurance that work would not recommence until Wednesday”
synonyms: troth, parole

316
Q

Contradict

A

deny the truth of (a statement) by asserting the opposite.
“the survey appears to contradict the industry’s claims”
synonyms: deny, refute, rebut, dispute, counter, say the opposite of

317
Q

Misconception

A

a view or opinion that is incorrect because based on faulty thinking or understanding.
“public misconceptions about antibiotic use”
synonyms: misapprehension, misunderstanding, mistake, error, mix-up, misinterpretation, misconstruction, misreading, misjudgment

318
Q

Curiosity

A

a strong desire to know or learn something.
“filled with curiosity, she peered through the window”
synonyms: inquisitiveness, interest, spirit of inquiry

319
Q

Cultivate

A

prepare and use (land) for crops or gardening.
“the peasants who cultivated the land became its owners”
synonyms: till, plow, dig, turn, hoe, farm, work, prepare, fertilize

320
Q

Orienteering

A

a person who takes part in orienteering.

a competitive sport in which participants find their way to various checkpoints across rough country with the aid of a map and compass, the winner being the one with the lowest elapsed time.

321
Q

Bidding

A

the offering of particular prices for something, especially at an auction.
“other companies in the bidding include General Electric”
synonyms: auction, making of bids, offering of bids

322
Q

Ventures

A

a risky or daring journey or undertaking.

“pioneering ventures into little-known waters”

323
Q

Implementation

A

the process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.
“she was responsible for the implementation of the plan”
synonyms: execution, application, carrying out, carrying through, performance, enactment, administration, fulfillment, fulfilling

324
Q

Telecast

A

a television broadcast.

325
Q

Tremendous

A

very great in amount, scale, or intensity.
“Penny put in a tremendous amount of time”
synonyms: very loud, deafening, ear-splitting, ear-piercing, booming, thundering, thunderous, roaring, resounding

326
Q

Cyberspace

A

the notional environment in which communication over computer networks occurs.
“I stayed in cyberspace for just a few minutes”

327
Q

Endorsement

A

an act of giving one’s public approval or support to someone or something.
“the issue of full independence received overwhelming endorsement”
synonyms: countersigning, signing on the back, autographing, initialing, inscribing, superscribing, witnessing, validation

328
Q

Patronage

A

the support given by a patron.
“the arts could no longer depend on private patronage”
synonyms: sponsorship, backing, funding, financing, philanthropy, promotion, furtherance, help, aid

329
Q

Aquatic

A

relating to water.

“animals have eyes adapted to the hues of their aquatic home”

330
Q

Transcend

A

be or go beyond the range or limits of (something abstract, typically a conceptual field or division).
“this was an issue transcending party politics”
synonyms: go beyond, rise above, cut across

331
Q

Lucrative

A

producing a great deal of profit.
“a lucrative career as a stand-up comedian”
synonyms: profitable, profit-making, gainful, remunerative, moneymaking, paying, high-income, well paid, high-paying

332
Q

Broadcasting

A

the transmission of programs or information by radio or television.
“the state monopoly on broadcasting”

333
Q

Monetary

A

relating to money or currency.
“documents with little or no monetary value”
synonyms: financial, fiscal, pecuniary, money, cash, economic, budgetary, capital

334
Q

Dubious

A

hesitating or doubting.
“Alex looked dubious, but complied”
synonyms: iffy

335
Q

Necessity

A

the fact of being required or indispensable.
“the necessity of providing parental guidance should be apparent”
synonyms: indispensability, need, needfulness

336
Q

Acute

A

(of a bad, difficult, or unwelcome situation or phenomenon) present or experienced to a severe or intense degree.
“an acute housing shortage”
synonyms: egregious

337
Q

neglected

A

suffering a lack of proper care.

“some severely neglected children”

338
Q

Competence

A

the ability to do something successfully or efficiently.
“the players displayed varying degrees of competence”
synonyms: savvy, know-how

339
Q

Curricular

A

relating to the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college.
“a curricular revision is introducing new courses”

340
Q

Ascribe

A

attribute something to (a cause).
“he ascribed Jane’s short temper to her upset stomach”
synonyms: attribute, assign, put down, set down, accredit, credit, give the credit for, chalk up, impute

341
Q

Integral

A

necessary to make a whole complete; essential or fundamental.
“games are an integral part of the school’s curriculum”
synonyms: essential, fundamental, basic, intrinsic, inherent, constitutive, innate, structural, vital

342
Q

Encompass

A

surround and have or hold within.
“a vast halo encompassing the Milky Way galaxy”
synonyms: gird, girdle, engird

343
Q

Abolish

A

formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution).
“the tax was abolished in 1977”
synonyms: deracinate

344
Q

Distinctly

A

in a way that is readily distinguishable by the senses; clearly.
“reading each word slowly and distinctly”

345
Q

Attainment

A

the action or fact of achieving a goal toward which one has worked.
“the attainment of a complete collection is the measure of a collector’s success”

346
Q

Consumption

A

the using up of a resource.
“industrialized countries should reduce their energy consumption”
synonyms: using up, use, utilization, expending, expenditure, depletion, exhaustion, waste, wasting

347
Q

Malnutrition

A

lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.
“nearly 67% of the country’s population suffers from malnutrition”
synonyms: undernourishment, malnourishment, undernutrition, poor diet, inadequate diet, unhealthy diet, lack of food, inanition, starvation

348
Q

Devastate

A

destroy or ruin (something).
“the city was devastated by a huge earthquake”
synonyms: destroy, ruin, leave in ruins, wreck, lay waste, wreak havoc on, ravage, ransack, leave desolate

349
Q

Extrapolate

A

extend the application of (a method or conclusion, especially one based on statistics) to an unknown situation by assuming that existing trends will continue or similar methods will be applicable.
“the results cannot be extrapolated to other patient groups”

350
Q

Prosperity

A

the state of being prosperous.
“a long period of prosperity”
synonyms: speed, Godspeed

351
Q

Catastrophic

A

involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.

“a catastrophic earthquake”

352
Q

Susceptible

A

likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
“patients with liver disease may be susceptible to infection”
synonyms: liable to, prone to, subject to, inclined to, predisposed to, disposed to, given to, easily affected by, in danger of

353
Q

Cohort

A

a group of people banded together or treated as a group.

“a cohort of civil servants patiently drafting legislation”

354
Q

Predominant

A

present as the strongest or main element.
“its predominant color was white”
synonyms: number-one, top-priority

355
Q

Proportional

A

corresponding in size or amount to something else.
“the punishment should be proportional to the crime”
synonyms: commensurable

356
Q

Confined

A

(of a space) restricted in area or volume; cramped.
“wear a dust mask and goggles when soldering in confined spaces”
synonyms: incommodious, exiguous, incapacious

357
Q

Compatible

A

(of two things) able to exist or occur together without conflict.
“the fruitiness of Beaujolais is compatible with a number of meat dishes”

358
Q

Optimum

A

most conducive to a favorable outcome; best.
“the optimum childbearing age”
synonyms: best, most favorable, most advantageous, most appropriate, ideal, perfect, prime, optimal, model

359
Q

Monotonous

A

dull, tedious, and repetitious; lacking in variety and interest.
“the statistics that he quotes with monotonous regularity”
synonyms: deadly, samey, dullsville

360
Q

Hostile

A

unfriendly; antagonistic.
“a hostile audience”
synonyms: antagonistic, aggressive, confrontational, belligerent, bellicose, pugnacious, militant, truculent, combative

361
Q

Immune

A

resistant to a particular infection or toxin owing to the presence of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.
“they were naturally immune to hepatitis B”

362
Q

Coincide

A

occur at or during the same time.
“publication is timed to coincide with a major exhibition”
synonyms: occur simultaneously, happen together, happen at the same time, be concurrent, coexist, concur, clash, conflict

363
Q

Pinpoint

A

a tiny dot or point.
“a pinpoint of light from a flashlight”
synonyms: point, spot, speck, dot, fleck, dapple, speckle, source

364
Q

Prompted

A

(of an event or fact) cause or bring about (an action or feeling).
“his death has prompted an industry-wide investigation of safety violations”
synonyms: give rise to, bring about, cause, occasion, result in, lead to, elicit, produce, bring on

365
Q

Stem

A

the main body or stalk of a plant or shrub, typically rising above ground but occasionally subterranean.
synonyms: peduncle

366
Q

Repetitive

A

containing or characterized by repetition, especially when unnecessary or tiresome.
“a repetitive task”
synonyms: samey

367
Q

Predisposition

A

a liability or tendency to suffer from a particular condition, hold a particular attitude, or act in a particular way.
“a child may inherit a predisposition to schizophrenia”
synonyms: velleity

368
Q

Spectator

A

a person who watches at a show, game, or other event.
“around fifteen thousand spectators came to watch the thrills and spills”
synonyms: beholder

369
Q

Opponent

A

someone who competes against or fights another in a contest, game, or argument; a rival or adversary.
“he beat his opponent by a landslide margin”
synonyms: rival, adversary, opposer, the opposition, fellow contestant, (fellow) competitor, other competitor/contestant/player/candidate, enemy, foe

370
Q

Portion

A

a part of a whole.
“a portion of the jetty still stands”
synonyms: wodge

371
Q

Holistic

A

characterized by comprehension of the parts of something as intimately interconnected and explicable only by reference to the whole.

372
Q

Conservative

A

averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values.
“they were very conservative in their outlook”
synonyms: traditionalist, traditional, conventional, orthodox, stable, old-fashioned, dyed-in-the-wool, unchanging, hidebound

373
Q

Contemporary

A

living or occurring at the same time.

“the event was recorded by a contemporary historian”

374
Q

Functional

A

of or having a special activity, purpose, or task; relating to the way in which something works or operates.
“there are important functional differences between left and right brain”

375
Q

Retro

A

imitative of a style, fashion, or design from the recent past.
“retro 60s fashions”
synonyms: in period style, period, nostalgic, evocative, of yesteryear, olde worlde, dated, old-fashioned, backward-looking

376
Q

Pea

A

نخود فرنگی

377
Q

Dough

A

a thick, malleable mixture of flour and liquid, used for baking into bread or pastry.
“add water to the flour and mix to a manageable dough”

378
Q

Cuisine

A

a style or method of cooking, especially as characteristic of a particular country, region, or establishment.
“much Venetian cuisine is based on seafood”
synonyms: cooking, fare, food, haute cuisine, cordon bleu, nouvelle cuisine, cookery

379
Q

Subcontinent

A

شبه قاره

380
Q

Goat

A

بز

381
Q

Raider

A

a person who attacks an enemy in the enemy’s territory; a marauder.
“Scandinavian raiders put down their roots in Cumbria”
synonyms: reaver

382
Q

Chant

A

a repeated rhythmic phrase, typically one shouted or sung in unison by a crowd.
“a group of young people set up a chant of “Why are we waiting?””
synonyms: shout, cry, slogan, rallying call, war cry, chorus, chanting

383
Q

Monument

A

a statue, building, or other structure erected to commemorate a famous or notable person or event.
“a simple stone monument marked the nearby crash site”
synonyms: memorial, statue, pillar, column, obelisk, cross, cairn, dolmen, cromlech

384
Q

Tiring

A

causing one to need rest or sleep; fatiguing.

“it had been a tiring day”

385
Q

Astonish

A

surprise or impress (someone) greatly.
“you never fail to astonish me”
synonyms: mind-boggling, mind-blowing, hard to swallow, amazeballs

386
Q

Contemplate

A

look thoughtfully for a long time at.
“he sat on the carpet contemplating his image in the mirrors”
synonyms: look at, view, regard, examine, inspect, observe, survey, study, scrutinize

387
Q

Innate

A

inborn; natural.
“her innate capacity for organization”
synonyms: connate, connatural

388
Q

Nourishment

A

the food or other substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition.
“tubers from which plants obtain nourishment”
synonyms: food, sustenance, nutriment, nutrition, subsistence, provisions, fare, daily bread, means of keeping body and soul together

389
Q

Compelled

A

force or oblige (someone) to do something.
“a sense of duty compelled Harry to answer her questions”
synonyms: exact, extort, demand, insist on, enforce, force, necessitate

390
Q

Aspirational

A

having or characterized by aspirations to achieve social prestige and material success.
“young, aspirational, and independent women”

391
Q

Devours

A

eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly.
“he devoured half of his burger in one bite”
synonyms: ingurgitate

392
Q

Corporation

A

a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
synonyms: company, firm, business, concern, operation, agency, office, bureau, house

393
Q

Instinctive

A

relating to or prompted by instinct; apparently unconscious or automatic.
“an instinctive distaste for conflict”

394
Q

Curative

A

able to cure disease.
“the curative properties of herbs”
synonyms: healing, therapeutic, medicinal, remedial, curing, corrective, restorative, tonic, health-giving

395
Q

Whereby

A

by which.

“a system whereby people could vote by telephone”

396
Q

Contaminant

A

make (something) impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance.
“the site was found to be contaminated by radioactivity”
synonyms: vitiate

397
Q

Dispersing

A

distribute or spread over a wide area.
“storms can disperse seeds via high altitudes”
synonyms: scatter, disseminate, distribute, spread, broadcast, diffuse, strew, sow, sprinkle

398
Q

Slaughter

A

kill (animals) for food.

synonyms: kill, butcher

399
Q

Ingest

A

take (food, drink, or another substance) into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.
“lead will poison anyone if enough is ingested”

400
Q

Manure

A

animal dung used for fertilizing land.
“plenty of fully rotted horse manure can be dug in this fall”
synonyms: dung, muck, droppings, ordure, guano, cowpats

401
Q

Pharmaceutical

A

relating to medicinal drugs, or their preparation, use, or sale.
“a pharmaceutical drug”

402
Q

Compensate

A

give (someone) something, typically money, in recognition of loss, suffering, or injury incurred; recompense.
“payments were made to farmers to compensate them for cuts in subsidies”
synonyms: recompense, repay, pay back, reimburse, remunerate, recoup, requite, indemnify, settle up with

403
Q

Blister

A

a small bubble on the skin filled with serum and caused by friction, burning, or other damage.
“his heels were covered in blisters”
synonyms: bleb, bulla, pustule, vesicle, vesication, blain

404
Q

Inoculate

A

treat (a person or animal) with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease.
“he inoculated his tenants against smallpox”
synonyms: immunize, vaccinate, inject, protect from, shield from, safeguard from

405
Q

Relieve

A

cause (pain, distress, or difficulty) to become less severe or serious.
“the drug was used to promote sleep and to relieve pain”
synonyms: alleviate, mitigate, assuage, allay, soothe, soften, palliate, appease, ease

406
Q

Alleviate

A

make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe.
“he couldn’t prevent her pain, only alleviate it”
synonyms: extenuate

407
Q

Acupuncture

A

a system of integrative medicine that involves pricking the skin or tissues with needles, used to alleviate pain and to treat various physical, mental, and emotional conditions. Originating in ancient China, acupuncture is now widely practiced in the West.

408
Q

Eminence

A

fame or recognized superiority, especially within a particular sphere or profession.
“her eminence in cinematography”
synonyms: illustriousness, distinction, renown, preeminence, notability, greatness, caliber, prestige, importance

409
Q

Gauge

A

an instrument or device for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something, typically with a visual display of such information.
“a fuel gauge”
synonyms: measuring instrument, measuring device, meter, measure, indicator, dial, scale, index, display

410
Q

Futility

A

pointlessness or uselessness.
“the horror and futility of war”
synonyms: bootlessness

411
Q

Boundary

A

a line that marks the limits of an area; a dividing line.
“the eastern boundary of the wilderness”
synonyms: marge, bourn, skirting

412
Q

Faltering

A

losing strength or momentum.

“his faltering career”

413
Q

Baffled

A

totally bewilder or perplex.
“an unexplained occurrence that baffled everyone”
synonyms: wildering

414
Q

Yielded

A

produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product).
“the land yields grapes and tobacco”

415
Q

Coercion

A

the practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats.
“our problem cannot be solved by any form of coercion but only by agreement”
synonyms: force, compulsion, constraint, duress, oppression, enforcement, harassment, intimidation, threats

416
Q

Therapeutic

A

relating to the healing of disease.
“diagnostic and therapeutic facilities”
synonyms: iatric

417
Q

Triathlon

A

an athletic contest consisting of three different events, typically swimming, cycling, and long-distance running.

418
Q

Incidence

A

the occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or something else undesirable.
“an increased incidence of cancer”
synonyms: occurrence, prevalence, commonness, rate, frequency, amount, degree, quantity, extent

419
Q

Quantity

A

the amount or number of a material or immaterial thing not usually estimated by spatial measurement.
“the quantity and quality of the fruit can be controlled”
synonyms: amount, number, total, aggregate, sum, quota, group, size, mass

420
Q

Debut

A

a person’s first appearance or performance in a particular capacity or role.
“the film marked his debut as a director”
synonyms: commencement

421
Q

Retaliation

A

the action of returning a military attack; counterattack.
“the bombings are believed to be in retaliation for the trial of 15 suspects”
synonyms: ultion, a Roland for an Oliver

422
Q

Redeem

A

compensate for the faults or bad aspects of (something).
“a disappointing debate redeemed only by an outstanding speech”
synonyms: extenuatory

423
Q

Infection

A

the process of infecting or the state of being infected.
“strict hygiene will limit the risk of infection”
synonyms: sepsis

IELTS (9 decks)

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