Meninges and Ventricles

Question 1

Via what structure does blood supply leave the brain?

Answer 1

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 2

What forms venous sinuses?

Answer 2

dura mater

Question 3

TRUE or FALSE: bridging veins do not penetrate dura mater.

Answer 3

FALSE –> bridging veins penetrate the dura

Question 4

Where are bridging veins found?

Answer 4

in arachnoid mater

Question 5

Do superior cerebral veins pierce the arachnoid mater?

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

Where do superior cerebral veins drain into?

Answer 6

superior sagittal sinus or lacunae

Question 7

What are the different routes of drainage from the superficial middle cerebral vein?

Answer 7

1. to cavernous sinus
2. to superior anastomotic vein –> superior sagittal sinus
3. to inferior anastomotic vein –> transverse sinus

Question 8

What kind of brain bleed occurs when the middle meningial artery ruptures? Where does the brain bleed occur?

Answer 8

epidural hematoma; epidural space (between calvaria and dura mater)

Question 9

Where would a subdural bleed occur?

Answer 9

below dura mater and above arachnoid mater

Question 10

What kind of brain bleed occurs when bridging veins rupture?

Answer 10

subdural hematoma

Question 11

Which of the following is/are potential space(s)?

a) epidural space
b) subarachnoid space
c) subdural space

Answer 11

a) epidural space
c) subdural space

Question 12

TRUE or FALSE: pia mater extends into sulci

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced in the brain?

Answer 13

ventricles

Question 14

What is another name for the interventricular foramen?

Answer 14

Foramen of Monro

Question 15

What is another name for the cerebral aqueduct?

Answer 15

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 16

What ventricles does the cerebral aqueduct connect?

Answer 16

third ventricle and fourth ventricle

Question 17

Describe the path of CSF from when it is secreted and how it cushions the CNS.

Answer 17

CSF excreted from choroid plexus into VENTRICLES where it flows through the SUBARACHNOID SPACE (to cushion CSF)

Question 18

What must the CSF flow through from the ventricles in order to reach the subarachnoid space?

Answer 18

lateral and median apertures

Question 19

TRUE or FALSE: most of the CSF resides inside the ventricles.

Answer 19

FALSE –> most of the CSF resides OUTSIDE of the ventricles

Question 20

Where does CNS drain into (from the subarachnoid space and ventricles)?

Answer 20

dural sinus

Question 21

Where does CNS drain into (from the subarachnoid space and ventricles)?

Answer 21

dural sinus

Question 22

What structures allow CSF to drain from the subarachnoid space into the superior sagittal sinus?

Answer 22

arachnoid granulations

Question 23

What are the functions of the arachnoid trabeculae?

Answer 23

• help keep brain suspended within the meninges
• maintain space between pia mater and arachnoid mater

Question 24

Describe the path of CSF drainage starting from the subarachnoid space.

Answer 24

subarachnoid space –> superior sagittal sinus –> confluence of sinuses –> transverse sinus –> sigmoid sinus –> internal jugular vein –> heart

Question 25

What is hydrocephaly?

Answer 25

accumulation of CSF in the brain

Question 26

What are the 2 different types of hydrocephaly and what is the difference?

Answer 26

communicating: outside the ventricular system, obstruction at cisterns or arachnoid villi

noncommunicating: within the ventricular system

Question 27

How does communicating hydrocephalus occur?

Answer 27

fluid reabsorption system fails and ventricles begin to enlarge

Question 28

How does noncommunicating hydrocephalus occur?

Answer 28

ventricles become blocked by obstructions (e.g. tumor, cyst, scarring)

Question 29

What is another name for noncommunicating hydrocephaly?

Answer 29

obstructive hydrocephaly