Intro Flashcards
What is a bundle of axons in the CNS called?
tract
What is a bundle of axons in the PNS called?
nerve
What is a group of neurons in the CNS called?
nucleus
What is a group of neurons in the PNS called?
ganglion
Is the CNS or PNS protected by bone?
CNS
What are the divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
somatic and autonomic
What are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
motor and sensory
Are sympathetic and parasympathetic actions controlled by the autonomic motor division or the autonomic sensory division?
autonomic motor division
TRUE or FALSE: both somatic and autonomic nervous systems have a motor and sensory component.
TRUE
Who is credited for the Neuron Doctrine?
Ramon y Cajal
Describe the structure of a cortical neuron. Is it myelinated?
dendrite –> cell body –> axon hillock –> axon –> axon terminal
unmyelinated
Describe the structure of a motor neuron. Is it myelinated?
dendrite –> cell body –> axon hillock –> axon –> axon terminal –> muscle
ALWAYS myelinated
Describe the structure of a sensory neuron. Is it myelinated?
receptor cell –> peripheral branch axon –> cell body –> central branch axon –> axon terminals
myelinated
Which type of neuron does not have dendrites?
sensory neuron
Where are purkinje neurons found?
cerebellum
Which of the following is/are multipolar?
a) interneuron
b) cortical neuron
c) motor neuron
d) sensory neuron
e) Purkinje neuron
b) cortical neuron
c) motor neuron
e) Purkinje neuron
Which of the following is/are unipolar?
a) interneuron
b) cortical neuron
c) motor neuron
d) sensory neuron
e) Purkinje neuron
d) sensory neuron
Which of the following is/are bipolar?
a) interneuron
b) cortical neuron
c) motor neuron
d) sensory neuron
e) Purkinje neuron
a) interneuron
Which neuroglial cells form myelin sheath in the CNS?
oligodendrocytes
Which neuroglial cells form myelin sheath in the PNS?
Schwann cells
Which are essential for neuronal signaling?
a) neurons
b) glia
c) both
d) neither
c) both
List all the glial cells in the PNS.
- Schwann cells
- Satellite cells
List the glial cells in the CNS.
- oligodendrocytes
- astrocytes
- microglia
- ependymal cells
Which type of glial cell participates in regeneration?
Schwann cells
What do astrocytes do?
- maintain BBB
- regulate ion, nutrient, and gas concentrations
- absorb and recycle NTs
- form glial scar after injury
What do microglia do?
remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens via phagocytosis
What is the difference between grey and white matter distribution in the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord?
cerebral cortex: white matter inside, grey matter outside
spinal cord: white matter outside, grey matter inside
What do large diameter axons detect?
- touch
- pressure
- vibration
- joint positioning
What do small diameter axons detect?
- pain
- temperature
Are large diameter axons faster or small diamter axons?
large diameter axons
Which is somatic?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
a) dorsal root ganglia
Which is parasympathetic and sympathetic?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
b) autonomic ganglia
Which has cell bodies of primary sensory neurons?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
a) dorsal root ganglia
Which has cell bodies of postsynaptic motor neurons?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
b) autonomic ganglia
Which is pseudounipolar?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
a) dorsal root ganglia
Which is multipolar?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
b) autonomic ganglia
Which have nuclei in the center of the cell?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
a) dorsal root ganglia
Which have nuclei located eccentrically?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
b) autonomic ganglia
Which has the more apparent satellite cell sheath?
a) dorsal root ganglia
b) autonomic ganglia
c) both
d) neither
a) dorsal root ganglia
