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NEURO 375 > CN V and VII > Flashcards

CN V and VII Flashcards

1
Q

What are the divisions of CN V, trigeminal?

A

V1 - opthalamic
V2 - maxillary
V3 - mandibular

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2
Q

Through which bone cavity does V1 of CN V, trigeminal, exit the cranial cavity?

A

superior orbital fissure

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3
Q

Through which bone cavity does V2 of CN V, trigeminal, exit the cranial cavity?

A

foramen rotundum

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4
Q

Through which bone cavity does V3 of CN V, trigeminal, exit the cranial cavity?

A

foramen ovale

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5
Q

What are the main functions of CN V, trigeminal?

A
  • sensory: transmission of tactile, proprioception, pain/temp info from the head (e.g. DC and STT of head)
  • motor: controls muscles of mastication
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6
Q

What is the V1 nerve and what is it responsible for? Is it motor or sensory?

A
  • opthalamic nerve
  • pure sensory
  • eye and forehead
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7
Q

What is the V2 nerve and what is it responsible for? Is it motor or sensory?

A
  • maxillary nerve
  • pure sensory
  • cheek and upper teeth
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8
Q

What is the V3 nerve and what is it responsible for? Is it motor or sensory?

A
  • mandibular nerve
  • sensory: mandible and lower teeth
  • motor: muscles of mastication
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9
Q

Which division of CN V, trigeminal, has a motor component?

A

V3, mandibular nerve

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10
Q

How many ganglia are in the trigeminal ganglion?

A

3

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11
Q

Which branch of V1 innervates the skin to the forehead and scalp?

A

supraorbital nerve

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12
Q

What does V1 innervate?

A
  • skin to forehead and scalp
  • upper eyelid, tip of the nose
  • cornea and nasal cavity
  • paranasal air sinuses
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13
Q

What does V2 innervate?

A
  • maxillary air sinus
  • nasal cavity
  • lower eyelid, skin of cheek, upper lip
  • maxillary (upper) teeth and gum
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14
Q

Which branch of V2 innervates the nasal cavity and maxillary air sinus?

A

infraorbital branch

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15
Q

TRUE or FALSE: V1 is a mixed nerve.

A

FALSE –> V3 is a mixed nerve (sensory and motor)

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16
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) is the largest?

A

V3

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17
Q

What does the sensory component of V3 innervate?

A
  • lower lip, skin of mandible, chin
  • mandibular teeth and gums
  • anterior 2/3 tongue
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18
Q

Which branch of V3 innervates sensation to the mandibular teeth and gums?

A

inferior alveolar nerve

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19
Q

Which branch of V3 innervates sensation to the anterior 2/3 tongue?

A

lingual nerve

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20
Q

Is the sensory trigeminothalamic tract contralateral or ipsilateral?

A

contralateral

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21
Q

What are the 3 sensory trigeminal subnuclei? Where are they found?

A
  1. spinal nucleus, 2. chief/main nucleus, 3. mesencephalic nucleus
  • found in the brainstem
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22
Q

Where are the synapses in the pain and temperature pathway for the trigeminothalamic tract?

A
  1. spinal nucleus
  2. ventral posteriomedial nucleus (VPM) of the thalamus
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23
Q

In comparison with the spinothalamic tract, where does pain/temperature info enter the CNS in the trigeminothalamic tract?

A

spinothalamic tract: substantia gelatinosa in the dorsal horn of the SPINAL CORD
trigeminothalamic tract: MEDULLA

24
Q

Where are the synapses in the light touch and pressure pathway for the trigeminothalamic tract?

A
  1. chief/main nucleus
  2. VPM nucleus in thalamus
25
Q

In comparison with the dorsal columns medial lemniscal tract, where does light touch and pressure info enter the CNS in the trigeminothalamic tract?

A

dorsal columns medial lemniscal tract: cuneate and gracile fasciculi in SPINAL CORD
trigeminothalamic tract: PONS

26
Q

Where are the synapses in the proprioception pathway for the trigeminothalamic tract?

A
  1. mesencephalic nucleus
  2. VPM in the thalamus
27
Q

Proprioceptive info from which muscles are sent to the brainstem in the V3 tract?

A

muscles of mastication

28
Q

Which nucleus in the brainstem acts on motor action of the trigeminal nerve? which division of the trigeminal tract synapses here?

A
  • motor nucleus of V
  • V3
29
Q

What nerve extends from the motor nucleus of V to the muscles of mastication?

A

mandibular nerve

30
Q

TRUE or FALSE: the motor fibres of the trigeminal nerve go through the trigeminal nucleus.

31
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  1. masseter muscle
  2. temporalis muscle
32
Q

All upper motor neurons, except _________________, form the corticobulbar tracts (of CN V). They act on ___________ lower motor neurons.

A
  1. lower facial nucleus
  2. bilateral
33
Q

The lower facial nucleus acts on _____________ lower motor neurons.

A

contralateral

34
Q

Through which bone cavity does CN VII, facial, exit the cranial cavity?

A

internal acoustic meatus

35
Q

TRUE or FALSE: CN VII, facial nerve, is only sensory and motor.

A

FALSE –> mixed nerve: sensory, motor, PARASYMPATHETIC

36
Q

What does the motor component of CN VII, facial, innervate?

A
  • muscles of facial expression
  • stapedius muscle
37
Q

What does the sensory component of CN VII, facial, innervate?

A

taste to anterior 2/3 tongue (via chorda tympani)

38
Q

What does the parasympathetic component of CN VII, facial, innervate?

A

-lacrimal gland
- sublingual and submandibular salivary glands

39
Q

What are the branches to the muscles of facial expression?

A
  1. temporal
  2. zygomatic
  3. buccal
  4. marginal mandibular
  5. cervical
40
Q

Through which bone cavity does CN VII, facial, exit the cranial cavity?

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

41
Q

Which cranial nerves are involved in the corneal reflex? Describe the corneal reflex.

A
  • CN V, trigeminal: afferent arc (sensory)
  • CN VII, facial: efferent arc (motor) via innervation of orbicularis oculi
  • reflex: consensual blinking of both eyes in response to stimulation of one eye
42
Q

Which muscle does CN VII, facial, innervate in the corneal reflex?

A

orbicularis oculi

43
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the stapedius muscle?

A

CN VII, facial

44
Q

List the facial nerve nuclei and their functions.

A
  • facial motor nucleus –> motor
  • superior salivary nucleus –> PNS
  • nucleus of solitary tract (NTS) –> taste
45
Q

Is the motor component of CN VII, facial, to the upper face contralateral, ipsilateral, or both?

A

upper face = contralateral and ipsilateral

46
Q

Is the motor component of CN VII, facial, to the lower face contralateral, ipsilateral, or both?

A

lower face = contralateral

47
Q

What condition might arise if there is damage to the facial nerve? What are the symptoms?

A

facial nerve palsy - weakness or paralysis on one side of the face

48
Q

What is the name of the facial nerve palsy that is idiopathic in origin?

A

Bell’s palsy

49
Q

what part of the face would be paralyzed if there is a right upper motor neuron lesion in the facial nerve?

A

contralateral (left) lower 2/3 face

50
Q

What part of the face would be paralyzed if there is a left lower motor neuron lesion in the facial nerve?

A

ipsilateral (left) half of face

51
Q

Which branch of the facial nerve is responsible for taste?

A

chorda tympani

52
Q

Describe the taste pathway of the facial nerve.

A

facial nerve –> geniculate ganglion –> chorda tympani

53
Q

Which nucleus in the brainstem does the synapse occur for the facial nerve component of taste?

A

nucleus solitary tract (NTS)

54
Q

salivation is innervated by which 2 cranial nerves? Which one is preganglionic? postganglionic?

A

CN VII, facial = preganglionic
CN V, trigeminal = postganglionic

55
Q

Which division of CN V is the lacrimal nerve?

56
Q

What are the 4 cranial nerves with parasympathetic innervation?

A
  • CN III, oculomotor
  • CN V, facial
  • CN IX, glossopharyngeal
  • CN X, vagus

NEURO 375 (19 decks)

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