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NEURO 375 > Development and Meninges > Flashcards

Development and Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

Neural tube forms _______.

A

CNS

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2
Q

Neural tube expands ____________ from the brain.

A

anteriorly

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3
Q

Peripheral nerves develop from ___________________.

A

lateral neural crest cells

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4
Q

What is the name of the condition where the caudal end of the neural tube is not completely closed?

A

spina bifida

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5
Q

Do sensory cells develop from the neural crest or the neural tube?

A

neural crest

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6
Q

Do motor cells develop from the neural crest or the neural tube?

A

neural tube

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7
Q

Which glial cells does the neural crest develop into?

A
  • Schwann cells
  • satellite cells
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8
Q

Which glial cells does the neural tube develop into?

A
  • oligodendrocytes
  • astrocytes
  • microglia
  • ependymal cells
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9
Q

What are the major parts of the nervous system during primary expansion?

A
  • forebrain
  • midbrain
  • hindbrain
  • spinal cord
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10
Q

What is another name for the forebrain?

A

prosencephalon

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11
Q

What is another name for the midbrain?

A

mesencephalon

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12
Q

What is another name for the hindbrain?

A

rhombencephalon

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13
Q

What does the forebrain differentiate into during secondary expansion of the nervous system?

A
  • telencephalon
  • diencephalon
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14
Q

Which part of the brain has the fastest proliferation speed during secondary expansion?

A

telencephalon

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15
Q

Which becomes the cerebral cortex? Diencephalon or telencephalon?

A

telencephalon –> cerebral cortex

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16
Q

What does the hindbrain differentiate into during secondary expansion of the nervous system?

A
  • metencephalon
  • myelencephalon
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17
Q

TRUE or FALSE: The midbrain does not differentiate during secondary expansion of the nervous system.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

What does the rhombencephalon ultimately differentiate into in cerebral growth expansion?

A
  • cerebellum (metencephalon)
  • medulla oblongata (myelencephalon)
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19
Q

What structure is found within the lateral fissure?

A

Insula

20
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the prosencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus

21
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the diencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus

22
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the mesencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

d) midbrain

23
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the rhombencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

24
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the metencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

f) pons
g) cerebellum

25
Q

Which structure(s) is/are part of the myelencephalon?

a) cerebral hemisphere
b) thalamus
c) hypothalamus
d) midbrain
e) medulla
f) pons
g) cerebellum

A

e) medulla

26
Q

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

A

coordinate voluntary movements

27
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

sensory relay

28
Q

Arrange the following from outermost to innermost:

CSF, dura mater, pia mater, bone, arachnoid mater

A
  1. bone
  2. dura mater
  3. arachnoid mater
  4. CSF
  5. pia mater
29
Q

Arrange the following from outermost to innermost:
- skull cap (calvaria)
- loose CT + Pericranium
- scalp
- meninges

A
  1. scalp
  2. loose CT + pericranium
  3. skull cap (calvaria)
  4. meninges
30
Q

Which artery supplies the dura mater?

A

middle meningeal artery

31
Q

What is the name of the invagination of dura mater found between the 2 hemispheres of the brain?

A

falx cerebri

32
Q

Where is CSF found in the brain?

A

subarachnoid space

33
Q

What is the difference between cranial and spinal dura mater?

A

cranial dura mater: 2 layers, attached to inner calvarial surface

spinal dura mater: 1 layer, suspended in vertebral canal

34
Q

What is the difference between the cranial and spinal epidural space?

A

cranial epidural space: POTENTIAL space between periosteum and calvaria

spinal epidural space: REAL space between dura and vertebral periosteum

35
Q

What is the difference between cranial and spinal arachnoid villi?

A

cranial arachnoid villi: attached to dura mater

spinal arachnoid villi: attached to dura mater

(i.e. they are the same…no difference)

36
Q

What is the difference between cranial and spinal pia mater?

A

cranial pia mater: attached to brain surface

spinal pia mater: attached to spinal cord and denticulate ligaments

37
Q

How many cranial spinal cord segments are there?

A

C1-C8

38
Q

How many cranial vertebrae are there?

A

C1-C7

39
Q

How many thoracic spinal cord segments are there?

A

T1-T12

40
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

T1-T12

41
Q

How many lumbar spinal cord segments are there?

A

L1-L5

42
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

L1-L5

43
Q

How many saccral vertebrae are there?

A

S1 (5 fused vertebrae)

44
Q

What is the name of the fibrous nerve roots at the end of the spinal cord?

A

cauda equina

45
Q

Where on the spinal cord can the conus medullaris be found?

A

L1

NEURO 375 (19 decks)

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