Men Contraception

Question 1

Spermatogenesis (stem cell to mature spermatozoa)

Answer 1

64days

Question 2

LH receptors are one

Answer 2

Leydig cell (steroidogenic cell in testis)

Question 3

End result of LH and FSH is

Answer 3

increase in steroidogenic capacity/activity of cells in the testis

Question 4

Leydig cell role

Answer 4

produce testosterone

Question 5

Sertoli cells role

Answer 5

help the germ cells to communicate and assist the development of germ cells into spermatozoa.

Question 6

Sertoli cells
Leydig cells
intra or extracellular?

Answer 6

S: intracellular (inside seminiferous tubule)
L: extracellular (outside, between the seminiferous tubules)

Question 7

Daily production of testosterone

Answer 7

5-7mg

Question 8

LG receptors are what type of receptor?

Answer 8

G-protein coupled receptors (cAMP activate kinase –> INCREASE AVAILABILITY OF CHOLESTEROL)

Question 9

Testosterone is converted into:

by the enzyme:

Answer 9

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

5alpha-reductase

Question 10

Some male caracteristics attribute to the androgen exposure are due to

Answer 10

Dyhydrotestosterone (DHT) NOT TESTOSTERONE

Question 11

Most potent of the steroid?

Answer 11

Estrogens

Question 12

Testosterone can be converted to

Answer 12

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and Estrogens

Question 13

If give aromatase blockers to male, what happen?

Answer 13

(inhibite estrogens synthesis) Sexe drive decrease in male bc estrogen play important role in sex drive!

Question 14

DHT and testosterone bing to

Answer 14

androgen receptor

Question 15

Androgen structure

Answer 15

DNA binding domain, N-terminal domain and a ligand-binding domain.

Question 16

DNA-binding domain or the androgen receptor interact with

Answer 16

specific Androgen response element (ARE) in the genome.

Question 17

If we give increase sustained doses of testo, we will observe in the level of testosterone:
we will observe on the spermatogenesis?

Answer 17

Level remain constant du to - feedback, but we reach a point after where sudden spike/spurt of testosterone.

We still have endogenous testosterone, no turning off.
After, in middle, shut down by - feedback. No more production of testo. As the level of exogenous testo give,, spermatogenesis turn back ON.

Question 18

To effectively turn OFF spermatogenesis/shutdown the HPG axis we should give

Answer 18

a mixture of testo and estradiol (more potent!)

Question 19

When administrating testo-estradiol what do we observe?

Answer 19

NO change in seminal vesicle weight, serum testosterone, in the others physiological responses, level of androgen.

Question 20

How chemicals can affect spermatogenesis?

Answer 20

Killing mitotic cells

Question 21

What happen if we block or deprived the activation of retinoid acid?

Answer 21

No more spermatogenesis bc need retinoid acid.

Question 22

Non-hormonal suppression of sperm production:

Answer 22

Gossypol (found in cotton sedd oil extract)

Question 23

Testosterone is useful for

Answer 23

ONLY androgen deficiency!

Question 24

Consequences of excess androgen use:

Answer 24

Gonadotropin suppression
Sterility
increase LDL & decrease HDL (Atherogenesis)
Support growth of seminal vesicles weight & of prostate (can lead to prostate diseases)

Question 25

Side effect of excess androgen use:

Answer 25

Headaches, baldness, impotence, aggressive behavior, shrinkage of testicles, development of breast.

Question 26

Communication of the Leydig and sertoli cells with the germ cells is by:

Answer 26

Paracrine