Membranes

Question 0

What is the freeze- fracture technique?

Answer 0

Cells are flash frozen and then split open with a microscopically sharp knife. This splits the cell membrane and allows us to examine its contents

Question 1

What are the protein channels used by water?

Answer 1

Aquaporins

Question 2

What to phospholipids are most abundant on the outer side of the membrane?

Answer 2

SP and PC

Question 3

What phospholipids are most abundant on the inside of the membrane, and which one has a negative charge?

Answer 3

PS and PE, and PS is the one that has a negative charge

Question 4

What are glycolipids used for?

Answer 4

Cell recognition

Question 5

Which membrane lipid has a negative charge?

Answer 5

Phosphatidylserine

Question 6

What enzyme produces the double bond in phospholipids?

Answer 6

Desaturase

Question 7

Integral proteins are used for what three things?

Answer 7

Ion channels
Transporters
Receptors

Question 8

How are peripheral proteins attached to the membrane, and what is an example of one?

Answer 8

The link to an integral protein

Spectrin

Question 9

What is an example of a lipid anchored protein on the outside of the membrane?

Answer 9

GPI anchors, used for cell adhesion

Question 10

Example of lipid anchored protein on the inside of the cell

Answer 10

Fatty acid or prenyl groups

Involved in cell division and cell growth

Question 11

What kind of transport is the Na+/Ca2+

Pump?

Answer 11

Carrier mediated facilitated diffusion

Question 12

What ATP pump is responsible for ions, Na/K pumps, and ca?

Answer 12

P-type

Question 13

What pump is referring to the h pump in the mitochondria?

Answer 13

F or V type

Question 14

What channel type brings across large molecules?

Answer 14

ABC

Question 16

What are the specs of the Na/K pump?

Answer 16

Pumps three Na out and brings two K in

Question 17

define homeoviscous adaptation

Answer 17

The ability of the membrane to adapt to a changing environment in order to maintain fluidity

Question 18

what are the three types of proteins?

Answer 18

Integral, peripheral, and lipid-anchored proteins

Question 19

define active transport

Answer 19

moves solute against conc. gradient with ATP

Question 20

define secondary active transport

Answer 20

Uses the concentration gradient of one solute to bring across another solute against its concentration gradient

Question 21

define symport

Answer 21

the two solutes go in the same direction

Question 22

define antiport

Answer 22

the two solutes go in opposite directions

Question 23

define channel mediated facilitated diffusion

Answer 23

used for a specific solute, it moves the solute with its concentration gradient, is a channel

Question 24

define carrier mediated facilitated diffusion

Answer 24

used for a specific solute, it moves the solute by binding it in the protein and them moving it across one at a time