Intro to Cell Bio

Question 0

Made the first legit microscope

Answer 0

Leeuenhoek

Question 1

Who made the first early version of a microscope?

What did he study with it?

Answer 1

Robert Hooke

Cork

Question 2

3 components of cell theory

Answer 2

All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cell is the basic functional unit of living organisms
Cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 3

What are the three common characters of all cells?

Answer 3

All use the same elements and chemical controls
ATP is used as the source of energy
All cells contain DNA

Question 4

What is the size of a prokaryote?

Answer 4

1-5 micrometers

Question 5

What is the size of eukaryotes?

Answer 5

10-100 micrometers

Question 6

Bright field microscopy

Answer 6

Light passes through the specimen

Question 7

Dark field microscopy

Answer 7

Light illuminates at an angle

Question 8

Phase-contrast microscopy

Answer 8

Utilizes reflection of light off cell

Allows for ability to change the field of focus

Question 9

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Answer 9

Stream of electrons focused on a cell in a vacuum

Used to examine WITHIN the cell

Question 10

Normaeski (differential interface contrast)

Answer 10

Similar to phase contrast

Special lenses give 3D image

Question 11

Fluorescence microscopy

Answer 11

Stain used on cell

When UV light is shone on it, the parts of the cell effected are seen.

Question 12

Confocal laser scanning

Answer 12

Lasers scan for parts of cell stained

They take a better 3D pic

Question 13

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

Answer 13

Scans electrons across the organism

The electrons excited on the surface create 3D image

Question 14

Which of the two major cell groups is better a adapting?

Answer 14

Prokaryotes

Question 15

What kind of DNA do prokaryotes have?

Answer 15

Circular, or plasmid DNA

Question 16

What locomotion methods are used by bacteria?

Answer 16

Pili and flagellate

Question 17

What protein are pili made of?

Answer 17

Pilene

Question 18

What are flagella made of?

Answer 18

Microtubules

Question 19

What do animal cells lack that prokaryotes do? (In regards to outer surface)

Answer 19

A capsule

Question 20

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

Answer 20

Cell wall
Chloroplasts
A large central vacuole

Question 21

What are compartments within the cytosol surrounded by membrane called?

Answer 21

Organelles

Question 22

What is the layer on the outside of the capsule in prokaryotes made of? Think slime.

Answer 22

Glycocalyx

Question 23

Where are ribosomes assembled?

Answer 23

In the nucleolus

Question 24

Where are ribosomes found?

Answer 24

Nuclear membrane
Cytoplasm
On the RER

Question 25

How does the cell communicate with the genes in the nucleus

Answer 25

Hormones and transcription factors

Question 26

Difference between ribosome in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Answer 26

The one in prokaryotes is much smaller and simpler

Question 27

What modes of reproduction are used by prokaryotes and eukaryotes respectively?

Answer 27

Binary fission

Mitosis

Question 28

What is the cell wall made of in fungi?

Answer 28

Chitin

Question 29

What are ribosomes made of?

Answer 29

Protein and rRNA