Membranes Flashcards
Phospholipid
Molecule with 2 fatty acids and a modified phosphate group attached to the glycerol backbone
Semipermeable
The barrier that allows some molecules to pass through but not others
Fluid mosaic model
The structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components that gives the membrane a fluid character
Intrinsic protein
Firmly embedded protein within the phospholipid bilayer
Extrinsic protein
Located outside of the phospholipid bilayer. They are hydrophilic so they attract water
Carrier protein
A membrane protein that moves solutes across the membrane by creating changes in the protein
Glycoprotein
A protein containing glycans attached to amino acids
Glycolipid
Lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic bond
Active transport
The movement of molecules and ions through a cell membrane from a lower concentration to a higher concentration using energy from respiration
Facilitated diffusion
A type of passive transport that uses specialised proteins to help molecules move across the cell membranr
Passive transport
A type of membrane transport that doesn’t require energy to move the substance across the cell membrane
Exocytosis
Process that occurs when a cell moves large materials from inside the cell to the outside using vesicles
Endocytosis
Cells take in substances from outside by engulfing them in a vesicle
Phagocytosis
A phagocyte surrounds and destroys foreign substances (amoeba)
Pinocytosis
Cell take in the fluids along with dissolved small molecules
Co transport
The coupled movement of substances across a cell membrane by a carrier protein. 2 types of molecules lover across the membrane at the same time
Permeability
The passage of molecules through a biological membrane or a barrier
