Cells Flashcards
Prokaryote
Organism whose cell lacks a nucleus and other organisms
Eukaryote
An organism whose cells contain a nucleus within a membrane
Virus
A biological structure which is made up of genetic material surrounded by a coat of proteins and lipids
Mesosome
An extension of the plasma membrane which occurs in the bacterial cell. It helps the cell wall formation and DNA replication
Ribosome
The cellular machinery that is responsible for making proteins. They are made up of 2 subunits and are used for protein synthesis
Vacuole
Membrane bound organelle. They help maintain water balance in plants
Golgi apparatus/ body
A stack of small flat sacks formed by membranes inside the cell’s cytoplasm. It prepares proteins and lipids for use in other places in and out of the cell
Mitochondrion
A membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Generates large quantities of energy in ATP
Chloroplast
A sac-like organelle with a double membrane that serves as a site for photosynthesis. The energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy for growth
Cytoplasm
A semifluid substance that fills the inside of a cell. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm contains all the organelles
Plasmodesmata
A channel through the plant cell wall that allows molecules to move in and out of the cell
Nucleus
The structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes
Nucleic acid
Large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses
Endoplasmic reticulum
A network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move. It is a part of a transportation system in eukaryotic cells
Lysosome
Membrane-bound organelle that contains enzymes that can break down all types of pplymers
Tonoplast
Membrane that surrounds the central or large vacuole of the plant
Crista
A fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. It increases the surface area of the membrane
Thylakloid
Pouch-like sac that is bound to a membrane in the chloroplast of a plant cell. It contains chlorophyll that absorbs light
