Meiosis Flashcards
1
Q
Diploid cells
A
normal body cells which contain 2 sets of each chromosome
2
Q
How many chromosomes do human diploid cells have?
A
46
3
Q
Haploid cells
A
gametes which contain 1 set of each chromosome
4
Q
How many chromosomes do human haploid cells have?
A
23
5
Q
What happens during fertilisation?
A
2 haploid gamete cells join together, forming a diploid cell called a zygote. The zygote will then divide many times by mitosis to produce a new organism.
6
Q
Genome
A
the entire genetic material of an organism
7
Q
How are gametes made?
A
Meiosis
8
Q
Where is meiosis to form gametes done in humans?
A
ovaries and testes
9
Q
First stage of meiosis
A
- Chromosomes are copied in a cell
- Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell in pairs (one from mother one from father)
- One member of each pair is pulled to opposite ends of the cell
- Cell divides in two
- Two separate cells are formed
10
Q
Second stage of meiosis
A
- Chromosomes line up along the middle of each of the two new cells
- This time each chromosome is pulled in half; a single copy of each chromosome goes to opposite ends of the cell.
- Each cell then divides into two, resulting in four haploid cells
