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Neuroscience > Medulla oblongata (Bulbus) > Flashcards

Medulla oblongata (Bulbus) Flashcards

1
Q

nucleii

A

Grey matter

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2
Q

Reticular nuclei location

A

Midbrain and medulla and pons

Linked with awareness

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3
Q

Medulla oblongata contains autonomic centers, their purpose is

A

regulate respiration, circulation and gastrointestinal motility

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4
Q

Medulla oblongata Extends from to

A

pyramidal decussation to the inferior pontine sulcus

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5
Q

Medulla oblongata gives rise to cranial nerves

A

CN IX to CN XII

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6
Q

The nuclei of ……..CNs extend caudally into the medulla

A

CN V and CN VIII

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7
Q

Medulla oblongata Connected to the cerebellum by

A

the inferior cerebellar peduncle

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8
Q

Medulla oblongata Connects the ….. superiorly with ……. inferiorly

A

Pons

Spinal cord

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9
Q

Medulla oblongata extends from ……. to ……..

A

inferior pontine sulcus (lower pontine margin)

transverse plane above C1

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10
Q

Pontine

A

Related to pons

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11
Q

Most inferior point of medulla

A

Internal structure similar to spinal cord, changes rostrally

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12
Q

Dimensions of medulla oblongata

A

3 cm in length, 2 cm at its widest, sagittally 1.3 cm thick

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13
Q

Caudally; dorsal ( back side) surface of medulla oblongata

occupies the

A

mid-line notch between cerebellar hemispheres

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14
Q

Rostral upper part of medulla forms

A

lower half of floor of 4th ventricle (rhomboid fossa)

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15
Q

Central canal in medulla oblongata

A

prolonged into its lower half, expanding above as 4th ventricle

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16
Q

Anterior median fissure Continuous below with

A

spinal anterior median fissure

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17
Q

Anterior median fissure ends above with tev

A

(lower pontine border=inferior pontine sulcus) in small, triangular foramen caecum

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18
Q

Anterior median fissure is interrupted by

A

obliquely crossing fascicles of pyramidal decussation

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19
Q

Posterior median sulcus is present only in

A

closed part

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20
Q

Posterior median sulcus is Continuous below with

A

spinal posterior median sulcus

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21
Q

Posterior median sulcus ends at

A

mid-level of medulla, where central canal expands into 4th ventricle

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22
Q

What lies between anterolateral sulcus

A

anterior median fissure

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23
Q

Obex:

A

Walls of 4th ventricle unite in the most inf part of rhomboid fossa

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24
Q

Pyramid

A

elongated ridge

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25
Q

Pyramid contains….. fibers

A

ipsilateral corticospinal

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26
Q

pyramidal decussation

A

When 70-90% of corticospinal fibers cross in and deep to anterior median fissure

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27
Q

Hypoglossal n. Emerges from, and it’s nerve number

A

Anterolateral sulcus

12

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28
Q

• Accessory, vagus, glossopharyngeal emerge through and their numbers

A

posterolateral sulcus

11, 10, 9

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29
Q

Olive definition and location

A

Oval prominence in the upper part Between anterolateral –posterolateral sulci

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30
Q

Caudal part of Posterior region : Upward continuation of

A

fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus

31
Q

gracile and cuneate tubercles (nuclei gracilis and cuneatus) are found in

A

Posterior region

32
Q

Posterior intermediate sulcus is in posterior region of medulla oblongata and it divides the

A

gracile and cuneate tubercles

33
Q

At the Caudal end of 4th ventricle; there are elongated swellings caused by

A

gracile and cuneate tubercles (nuclei gracilis and cuneatus)

34
Q

Rhomboid fossa features (locate)

A

Median sulcus
• Median eminence • Sulcus limitans
• Vestibular area
• Striae medullares of 4th ventricle
• Hypoglossal trigone (hypoglossal motor nucleus)
• Trigone of vagus (dorsal vagal nucleus)

35
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

A

2 peduncles diverge and incline toentercerebellar hemispheres

36
Q

Inferior cerebellar peduncle purpose

A

Connects the cerebellum to the caudal medulla oblongata

37
Q

3 points that Connects the cerebellum to the caudal medulla oblongata

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncle
Middle cerebral peduncle
Superior cerebral peduncle

38
Q

Tracts of Inferior cerebellar peduncle

A 
 Posterior spinocerebellar tract
 Anterior spinocerebellar tract 
 Cuneocerebellar tract
 Olivocerebellar tract
 Vestibulocerebellar tract
39
Q

Cranial n. nuclei

A
  • Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve
  • Nucleus of solitary tract (7,9,10)
  • Nucleus ambiguus (9,10,11)
  • Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve
  • Inferior salivatory nucleus
  • Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
  • Medial vestibular nucleus
  • Inferior vestibular nucleus
40
Q

Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve contains

A

first-order neuron GSA fibers that mediate pain, temperature, and light touch sensations from the face and neck

41
Q

Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve ascends up to …. and descends up to……..

A

pons superiorly

1st and 2nd segments of spinal column

42
Q

trigeminal nerve number

A

5

43
Q

Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve is located

and the nucleus is located

A

posterolateraly in medulla oblongata

medial to the tract

44
Q

Tracts are … while nuclii is

A

White matter

Grey matter

45
Q

solitary tract numbers

A

7,9,10

46
Q

Nucleus of solitary tract

What type of fibers and what it conveys 7,9,10:

A

Aff fibers

Conveys gustatory information from lingual, palatal mucosa
SVA

47
Q

Nucleus of solitary tract

What type of fibers and what it conveys: 9,10

A

aff fibres

Conveys sensory information from
larynx, pharynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax and abdominal viscera (GVA)

48
Q

In the Nucleus of solitary tract The inferior endes of the two solitary nuclei fuse with each other and forms

A

commissural nucleus

49
Q

Nucleus ambiguus Represents

A

special visceral efferent (SVE) cell column whose axons innervate pharyngeal arch muscles of the larynx and pharynx

50
Q

The SVE fibers in Nucleus ambiguus contribute to

A

parts of CN 9 and CN 10

51
Q

Inferior salivatory nucleus type of fibers and function and number

A

Efferent fibers
• Innervates parotid gland after a synapse at otic ganglion
9

52
Q

Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve number

A

10

53
Q

Superior vestibular nuc. Lateral vestibular nuc location
Inferior vestibular nuc. Medial vestibular nuc.
Location

A

Pons

Bulbus

54
Q

Superior vestibular nuc. Lateral vestibular nuc

Inferior vestibular nuc. Medial vestibular nuc. Are the parts of

A

Vestibular nucleii

55
Q

Olive [inferior olivary nucleus] Associated with

A

voluntary movement

56
Q

The cells of the inferior olivary nucleus send fibers medially across the midline to enter ….. through

A

the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle

57
Q

What type of fibers and where do they reach this nucleus from

A

Afferent fibers reach the nucleus from the spinal cord and from the cerebellum and cerebral cortex

58
Q

Reticular nuclei parts

A
  • Lateral reticular nuclei
  • Ventral reticular nuclei
  • Gigantocellular nucleus
  • Parvocellular nucleus
  • Paramedian reticular nuclei
  • Raphe nuclei
59
Q

Parts of raphe nuclie

A

– Obscurus – Pallidus

– Magnus

60
Q

Reticular Formation (definition)

A

A mixture of nerve fibers and nuclei placed deeply posterior to olivary nucleus

61
Q

RF is found in …. but also..

A

olivary nucleus

pons and midbrain

62
Q

RF is a diffuse system related with

A

the awakenes of human body. be aware of external stimuli

63
Q

Medial lemniscus are fibera thar form

A

flattened tract on each side of the midline posterior to the pyramid

64
Q

Medial lemniscus emerge from the decussation of

and convey sensory information to

A

the lemnisci

the thalamus

65
Q

(MLF)

A

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

66
Q

MLF is situated beneath

A

the floor of the fourth ventricle on either side of the midline

67
Q

MLF is the main pathway that connects

A

the vestibular and cochlear nuclei with the nuclei controlling the extraocular muscles

68
Q

extraocular muscles

A

(oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nuclei)

69
Q

Arteries of medulla oblongata

A

Vertebral artery
Anterior spinal artery
PICA (Posterior inferior cerebellar artery)

70
Q

The lateral part of medulla oblongata is supplied by

A

PICA (Posterior inferior cerebellar artery)

71
Q

Pica is a branch of

A

vertebral artery

72
Q

The medial part of medulla oblongata is supplied by

A

vertebralartery

73
Q

Pons length, and it connects what

A

2.5 cm long

medulla
of
oblongata
methencephalon
       to
the
midbrain

Neuroscience (23 decks)

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